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Corruption in Nigeria introduction
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LEADERSHIP AND CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA
Introduction:
Leadership has always been one of the best factors to consider when determining the goal of a society or a community, it does not matter how big or small a community might be; it has to have a leader if it wants to be developed and harmonized (Ushakov). Leadership has always played a big role in the developing countries, or anywhere in the world. It is very difficult to find a society whether in an urban areas or rural areas functioning without a leader.
Leadership has been defined generally as how a single person takes responsibility of directing a community towards a common goal (Ushakov 2). Of course it has so many types, or styles rather. Different people lead in so many different ways, the matter of it being advantageous (benefits the society) or disadvantageous (deteriorates the society) depends on the visions and agendas set forward by the leader. Some leaders tend to use force in trying to get their objectives done, for example, Alexander the great, the king of Macedonia; while some leaders use their charismatic abilities to influence people to achieve success in their goals, for example, Mahatma Ghandi.
Corruption on the other hand is always a bad move in any society. It does not have any importance in a community. It brings lack of trust, lack of unity, selfishness, and reduces the standards of the society. By general definition of corruption, it always means dishonesty and an act that involves bribery (Stevenson). The higher the corruption of a society, the more the problems of that society clump together until it reaches a major point. Once corruption starts, it eats away the society bit by bit and it keeps on getting bigger and bigger in the society if not stopp...
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...f allowing a single mistake that could replicate the conditions of the past. Everybody must be treated equally.
Works Cited
Anazodo Rosemary, Okoye J.C, and Ezenwile Uche. “LEADERSHIP-CORRUPTION: THE BANE OF NIGERIA DEVELOPMENT.” African Journal of Social Sciences (2012): 11.
Ebegbulem, Joseph. “Corruption and Leadership Crisis in Africa: Nigeria in Focus.” International Journal of Business and Social Science (2012): 7.
Emma, Chukwuemeka. “Curbing Corruption in Nigeria: The Imperatives of Good Leadership.” An International Multidisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia (2012): 20.
Oluwole Owoye, Nicole Bissessar. “Bad Governance and Corruption in Africa:.” (n.d.): 30.
Stevenson, Angus. Oxford Dictionaries. 2010. 12 April 2014 .
Ushakov, Pavel. “Ethics and Leadership (part 2).” Yola, 9 April 2014.
Chetwynd, Eric, Frances Chetwynd, and Bertram Spector. "Corruption and Poverty: A Review of Recent Literature." Management Systems International (2003): n. pag. Print.
Leadership is the ability of an individual to influence, motivate and inspire others (Gill, 2006). It is therefore defined as a process whereby a leader influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal (Northouse, 2013). A leader has to make a decision for something to happen and provide his followers with clear direction (Rost et al, 1991). It will evoke feelings of challenge, excitement and involvement for the followers to proceed with the task (Gill, 2006).
Leadership is all about having the right amount of heart and determination to help make a difference in someone’s life. It takes certain qualities to be considered a good leader. A leader should want to help inspire others to make a change and to be the best that they can be. A true leader does not need to feel powerful, instead they empower those around them. Throughout my life I have come across various leaders who have made an impact on my life. It takes a very special person to inspire and touch people’s lives. Leadership is so much deeper than having power and bossing people around.
There are lots of definitions and interpretations for the term LEADERSHIP. One is “A relationship through which one person influences the behaviour or actions of other people” (Mullins, L.J. 2002, Management and Organisational Behaviour, 6th Edition, FT Publishing, p904). Another popular definition would be, “the process of influencing an organization or groups within an organization in its efforts towards achieving a goal” (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2005, Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition, FT Prentice Hall, p.519)
Corruption consists in the illegitimate agreement between a corruptor and a corrupted, in which they abuse of their public power in order to obtain personal benefit. Bribery and corruption is something that has been going on for years. According to Allen, “officials perceive themselves as immune to any penalties for demanding and receiving bribes” which she states that it is one of the main reasons for bribery and corruption in underdeveloped countries. According to Transparency International, an organization committed exclusively to end corruption, three of the most corrupt countries in the world are Somalia, North Korea and Afghanistan. This does not mean that corruption is only seen in underdeveloped countries. In international business, corporate employees often find themselves dealing with corruptors in foreign countries and, in most cases, they will give in.
The term ‘leadership’ has no definition, for it is defined different ways in the minds of people. A leader will ingrain a sense of positivity and necessity towards the set goal using the power of written and spoken word. The qualities of a leader differentiate between between each society.
The pocketing of profits by corrupt government officials shows characteristics of patrimonialism, which not only hinders the economy because these profits are the sole source of revenue for the nation, but also harms the democratic stability of the nation and can to some extent cause the regime changes of the nation. The civic conflicts of the nation are not handled by the government and not only do these conflicts drain revenue from the government, but shows the lack of mobilization in the government, possibly due to a lack of taxation, due to the resource curse. These claims show that the resource curse has affected the government and economy of Nigeria greatly as it leads to an ineffective and corrupt government with a hindered chance of democratization, with civic conflict that cannot be controlled by the civic government.
Leadership is trait that is extremely important in any society. Leadership is known as the way people attempting to make a difference in a situation. However, I believe that it is better said to be a way of influencing others actions. Leadership is usually connected to a great leader that affected his or her followers in a dynamic way. Throughout the semester for my leadership class, I have expanded the knowledge in numerous ways. I now have fully understanding of the purpose and process of leadership to a society. Being a leader one must maintain an image of being the role model. I believe that this is leader should be who is someone who has the ability to influence, encourage, listen, and nurture. They are able to inspire, stimulate, persuade, shape, and have an effect on others.
Leadership is seen as a process by which one individual influences others toward the attainment of group or organizational goals. It is a social influence process, which involves voluntary action on the part of followers and it is always purposeful and goal-oriented. Leadership deals with influence and is not the same as management, which includes planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.
What is leadership? Leadership is defined as a process by which a individual will influence others to obtain goals. Leaders will guide, direct motivate, or inspire others. Leadership is defined by not only traits but actions as well. Leaders are inspirational, trustworthy and charismatic. Many people may think a manger is leader. Although leadership and management go hand in hand, they are not the same. Everyone has their own beliefs about what characteristics an effective leader should have. To me, communication skills, critical thinking skills, and having a vision are few characteristics of becoming an effective leader. A leader is not only born, but made. Some are born as leaders or some are made to be leaders.
Conceptualizing Corruption in South Africa Conceptualizing Corruption in South Africa Amr Taha El Baba Lebanese American University SPECIFIC PURPOSE: To persuade my audience that corruption could cripple the progress in South African societies. Crime and corruption are not relevant to the degree of poverty present in a country as some of you might think. Corruption is a social phenomenon that every society deals with, regardless of the level of development in the country. What makes corruption a dangerous social phenomenon is its ability to adapt to the conditions present in any country.
...rd but in the sense of Nigeria the corruption is amongst the elites and found at the highest level of federal power.
50). The book also states that instances such as entrepreneurship leads to a struggling growth because these entrepreneurs will risk money investments where corrupt officials interfere, leaving their investments to struggle. Corrupt officials are also less likely to initiate projects that will help the greater good and public welfare of some of these African countries, but instead only interfere in ones that will benefit them as a leader. They deal with bribes and diverting funds, resulting in the countries inability to grow. If this corruption furthers on, then this will continually be a consistent struggle for Africa as it lessens their progression to a stronger
Musah, I. & Momoh, S. I. (2011). Organisational change. The Nigerian Journal of Research and Production, 18(1), p.8
Over the last few years, the issue of corruption--the abuse of public office for private gain--has attracted renewed interest, both among academics and policymakers. There are a number of reasons why this topic has come under recent inspection. Corruption scandals have toppled governments in both major industrial countries and developing countries. In the transition countries, the shift from command economies to free market economies has created massive opportunities for the appropriation of rents, excessive profits, and has often been accompanied by a change from a well-organized system of corruption to a more chaotic and deleterious one. With the end of the cold war, donor countries have placed less emphasis on political considerations in allocating foreign aid among developing countries and have paid more attention to cases in which aid funds have been misused and have not reached the poor. And slow economic growth has persisted in many countries with malfunctioning institutions. This renewed interest has led to a new flurry of empirical research on the causes and consequences of corruption.