BIO-325-01 Dr. McLaughlin 3/20/2014 Clostridium perfringens Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive spore-forming bacillus involved in foodborne illness and wound infection. It is an obligate anaerobe and the only member of the genus Clostridium that is non-motile. This microorganism is normally present in soil and decaying vegetation and is an inhabitant of animal and human intestines. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, C. perfringens is one of the most common sources
Clostridium perfringens, formally known as C. welchii or Bacillus welchii, is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore forming bacterium. The first association C. perfringens had with gastrointestinal disease was in the 1920s (Songer, 1996). The next case was post-World War 1, in Germany, in the 1940s, when it caused gangrene of the bowel, enteritis necroticans. Since then, C. perfringens has been the most commonly associated with gas gangrene (Lawrence et al., 1997). In 1950, there was a confirmed
stages of endospore formation the newly f... ... middle of paper ... ... B. cereus and other aerobic endospore formers are introduced via vegetables, fruits, or herbs and spices, while anaerobic spore formers like nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium estertheticum pose safety and spoilage risks in chilled packaged foods, respectively. References microbeonline. Available at: http://microbeonline.com/bacterial-spores-structure-importance-and-examples-of-spore-forming-bacteria/
Introduction Clostridium tetani more commonly known as Tetanus is an acute infectious disease. Tetanus is not contagious and is a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani. It is characterized by muscular spasms that mainly involve the voluntary muscle groups. Tetanus can affect horses, goat, swine, cat, dog, sheep, cattle and many other domestic animals. In cattle the disease is relatively rare, but in some cases can spread through a herd causing substantial economic loss. Clostridium tetani is a
While we may think that Botulinum Toxin or “Botox” is only used for cosmetic alteration on our favorite actors or actresses, it is actually a biological substance used by scientist, doctors, and terrorist for a plethora of functions. In the following paper I will first explain what a biological substance and or weapon is to better inform you of Botulinum Toxin. Later in my research I will discuss what affects it actually has on the human body. After careful explanation I will then talk about the
400 words.)(5 pts) Public health can be defined as the approach to medicine that is concerned with the health of the community as a whole. It is about protecting and improving the health of families and communities through promotion of healthy lifestyles, research for disease, injury prevention, detection, and control of infectious diseases. Many factors contribute to a long life, including demographics, socioeconomics, genetics, environment, and behaviors. It is important to assess these factors
An unlikely substance for humans to willingly inject into themselves, botulinum toxin is the endotoxin produced by the gram-negative, acidophilic anaerobe Clostridium botulinum. This neurotoxin, which causes muscular paralysis and can result in death due to respiratory failure, is extremely potent; just 50 grams would be enough to kill every person on the planet (Lindsay, 2013). The earliest recorded case of botulism poisoning occurred in 1735 in Europe. Assumed to be associated with a batch of sausage
Statement of Problem and Significance A total of 1.7 million nosocomial infections occurred in 2007. Almost 99,000 deaths resulted from, or were associated with, a nosocomial infection, making these infections the sixth leading cause of death in the United States (Peleg, Hooper). Nosocomial infections, also known as “hospital-acquired infections”, are infections acquired during hospital care that were not present before admission. Infections occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days
Among hospitalized patients around the world, Clostridium difficile is the primary source of infectious diarrhea. Previously, continuously unbalanced intestinal microbiota, usually due to antimicrobials, was deemed a precondition of developing the infection. However, recently, there have been alterations in the biology from virtually infecting the elderly population exclusively, wherein the microbiota in their guts have been interrupted by antimicrobials, to currently infecting individuals within
Abu Hanifah Y (1990) Post-operative surgical wound infection. Med J Malaysia. 45:293–297. Adegoke AA, Tom M, Okoh AI, Jacob S (2010) Studies on multiple antibiotic resistant bacterial isolated from surgical site infection. Scient Res. Essays 5:3876-81. Ahmed M, Nadeem Alam S, Khan O, Manzar S 2007. Post-operative wound infection: A surgeon’s dilemma. Pak. J. Sur. 23(1):41-47. Al-Momany NH, Al-Bakri AG, Makahleh ZM, Wazaify MM (2009) Adherence to international antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines
My first patient that I started as student nurse on one of the long Rehab Center was a seventy two year old man who had Clostridium difficile (C.diff), Dementia, Hip replacement, and Obesity. Due to the above sickness he had many complications. I can still remember his face suffering from pain. Because of his lack of ambulation and incontinence, he had developed a very serious pressure ulcer under his sacral area. I went through to the room with my instructor and the instructor introduces me for
Nursing Management of Patient with Clostridium Difficile Alyssia R. Twigg Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for NURS 342: Nursing Medical Surgical Shepherd University Department of Nursing April 8, 2015 Nursing Management of Patient with Clostridium Difficile A 55 year old patient was admitted to the inpatient unit from a hospice facility at 4:00 in the afternoon on April 1st, 2015. The patient has end stage pancreatic cancer with liver and bone metastasis. The
According to the article The mechanism and efficacy of probiotics in the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea there is a great concern about increasing incidence of C. difficile infection due to use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Clindamycin, third generation of cephalosporins and flouroquinolones are considered high risk antibiotics. It is believed that normal gastrointestinal flora has potential effect in inhibition C.difficile growth and toxin A,B release which offen associated
Fatal Dilemma: Using Clostridium botulinum as a Biological Weapon Ever since the dawn of biotechnology, the world had to face a new dilemma: bioterrorism. Using biological agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc., bioterrorism attack aims to cause illness of death in people, animals, or plants as a method of warfare. Used throughout history, biological weapon serves as a pivotal role in disarming an army. Botulism toxin, known for the most toxic substance in the biological world, has been
hypothesized by the researchers prior to the study” (Whalen). The drug is used more for psychological reasons than for medical reasons. “Botox is a neurotoxin derived from Clostridium botulinum, an organism found in the natural environment where it is largely inactive and non-toxic” (Nichols). It temporarily paralyzes the muscles. Clostridium botulinum can be found in the forest and cultivated soils, and in the sediments of lakes, streams and untreated waters. The bacteria can be found also in the intestines
“Clostridium Difficile are the bacteria that can cause irritation or swelling of the large intestine, or colon. The inflammation caused by this bacteria is known as colitis. Inflammation further causes diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramping” (WebMD, C. Diff. Overview 2015). Put it all together and you get Clostridium Difficile Colitis. In 1973, John G. Bartlett began to see the connection between hospital diarrhea cases and colitis. He recognized articles with series of cases including deaths from
ANTIBIOTICS:- Antibiotics are medicines that fight bacteria. Antibiotics can save lives, if used properly. Antibiotics either kill bacteria or keep them from multiplying. Antibiotics do not fight virus infections. For example: Cold Flu ANTIBIOTICS: Most coughs Sore throats (Exception: strep throats) If you use antibiotics against viruses you will get more harmed than helped. When you take antibiotics, you need to follow the
The cause of acute, persistent, or relapsing clinical infections is often due to multidrug resistance and/or antibiotic tolerance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widespread, opportunistic, gram-negative, bacterial pathogen that readily develops multidrug resistance and is responsible for causing acute and persistent infections (Starkey et al, 2014). P. aeruginosa thrives in moist environments, primarily as waterborne and soil-borne organisms (Chen, 2015). It is found on medical equipment including catheters
What comes to your mind when you think of Botox? Maybe you imagine a dermatologist sticking needles into someone's cheeks, to make them nice and plump. Yet there's more than meets the eye when it comes to the benefits of Botox. It's more than getting rid of wrinkles and fine lines on the face. Don't believe us? Read on to discover eleven surprising uses for Botox. You may find yourself ready to receive Botox at our Minneapolis spa afterward. Get Acne Under Control Botox is a great way to manage
The disease, botulism, which is caused by Clostridium botulinium, is an emerging infectious disease. Clostridium botulinium is a bacterium that produces a neurotoxin that causes botulism. The bacterium is spore-forming, and anaerobic, meaning it does not need oxygen to grow. There are three main types of illnesses that Clostridium botulinium typically cause: Food-borne botulism, infant botulism, and wound botulism. Unbeknownst to common knowledge, infant botulism is the most common form of the