Stueve, T., and Gallipeau, S. 2010. Atrazine induces complete feminization and chemical castration in male African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107: 4612-4617. The authors have assigned key words described throughout this article including amphibian decline, endocrine disruption, pesticide and sex reversal. The larger or global context for the research conducted in this article is that the pesticide Atrazine is widely utilized across the entire
Atrazine, an herbicide is one the most toxic and sustaining pollutants in aquatic environment. It is detectable in surface water and in underground sources of drinking water. Many studies indicate that atrazine might be a potent endocrine-disrupting xenobiotic. There are limited studies have revealed that the effects of atrazine on sex steroids hormones, vitellogenin and induction of aromatase, gonadosomatic index and hepatosomatic index. In this study, juveniles Poecilia sphenops fish was exposed
Background Information Atrazine is one the most widely used pesticide in the United States used for commercial farming. It’s purpose as a pesticide is to limit the weeds and unnecessary plants that would take nutrition from the crops that the farmers are trying to grow. Atrazine is supposedly known for increasing crop yield up to six percent according to a cost benefit analysis, but in other more in depth studies the only increase crop yield by one percent (Ackerman 1). Currently “the wet years as
in fish – a critical review on effects and possible consequences. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 42(8), 653-668 Tavira-Mendoza L, Ruby S, Brousseau P, Fournier M, Cyr D, Marcogliese D (2002) Response of the amphibian tadpole (Xenopus laevis) to atrazine during sexual differentiation of the testis. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, vol.21, no.3, 527-531 Wu RSS (1999) Eutrophication, Water Borne Pathogens and Xenobiotic Compounds: Environmental Risks and Challenges. Marine Pollution Bulletin
There is no barrier between the farms and the rest of the community. Atrazine is extremely water soluble; almost no aquatic waterways are atrazine-free. Atrazine has show effects in fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, including humans. It is what is known as an endocrine disruptor. Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that interfere with the hormone systems in animals (US EPA). Atrazine causes testosterone to convert into estrogen, causing negative impacts on the reproductive
In the United States, starting from the first breast cancer case in 1930s to today, a woman's lifetime risk of breast cancer increases to one eighth (Gray et al.). Continuously increasing breast cancer rate has caused a lot of concerns among not only ordinary people but also scientists. For decades, scientists have been working on the causes of breast cancer in order to find the corresponding methods of treatment. However, only about 25% of the breast cancer cases got explained (Brody et al.); till
Life nowadays is getting harder and standards of living are reducing continuously. One of these is labor, as it gets cheaper and leads to violating worker’s rights. Because free trade market continues to push forward the global economy, it becomes difficult to hold corporation accountable for their poor practices. So Rather than preventing this problem, Manipulations of Multinational Corporations is getting harder to face because they are benefiting from it. There are many examples for Multinational
Often times, when people consume produce products they don’t think to consider the process it took to preserve the produce from going bad or being consume by pests. “A pesticide is a chemical used to prevent, destroy, or repel pests. Pests can be insects, mice and other animals, weeds, fungi, or microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses” (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). “A pest can by any plants or animals that endangers our food supply, health or comfort” (Delaplane, 1996)
through the skin when pesticides are absorbed through the skin and into the blood stream, ultimately affecting the mother as well as the fetus. Atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicide in the United States today, “Now researchers in Indiana are finding that a rare birth defect called’gastroschisis’ shows up more among babies conceived when atrazine levels are high” (Schafer, 2011,
The Deadly Effects of Pesticides Pesticides are chemical compounds used to kill unwanted "pests" such as small insects. These chemicals can harm creatures in many ways including their ability to never disappear, their disruption of certain genetics and their effects on the ecosystem. Pesticides may seem like they are supporting the common good by keeping unwanted pests controlled in agriculture, but they should be tested under harsher guidelines because they are more dangerous and deadly
chemical proved to be carcinogenic after causing tumors in mice after several laboratory tests (“Organic Food”). As a result of these findings there was a dramatic increase of the sales for organic food (“Organic Food”). Another study found that Atrazine (one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States) has the potential of being carcinogenic and reducing sperm counts in males (“Organic Food”). This was further proven when evidence was found that chemicals u... ... middle of paper
COMMON OBESOGENS 1. Atrazine-found in our water supply. 2. BPA's-found in plastics. 3. PVC-found in household items and shower curtains. 4. PFOA-found in microwave popcorn and nonstick pans. 5. Antibiotics and hormones fed to animals. 6. Herbicides and pesticides. 7. High
Introduction: In recent years it has become clear that some environmental chemicals can cause risks to the developing embryo and fetus. Evaluating the developmental toxicity of environmental chemicals is now a prominent public health concern. The suspected association between TCE and congenital cardiac malformations warrants special attention because TCE is a common drinking water contaminant that is detected in water supplies throughout the U.S. and the world. There is a lot of concern about the
The widespread use of glyphosate is contaminating the environment and the food we eat stated louise henault ethier science projects manager at the david suzuki foundation. Glyphosate was created by monsanto employee john e franz in the early 1970s then introduced by monsanto in 1974 .a likely chemical to be carcinogenic to humans.causing an ever growing list of hazardous effects for example, kidney disease. There is a lot to be known about n- (phosphonomethyl) stycine also known as glyphosate. Its
Body and Nature as Signifying System in A Thousand Acres The fascinating aspect of theories about the bodies, is that our bodies lie somewhere in the grey area between the physical and the intellectual realm (in itself testifying to the falsity of such dichotomies). On the one hand, they are biological; genetically programmed flesh. On the other, they are continuous sites of signification; embodying (no pun intended) the essentially textual quality of a human subject's identity. A Thousand Acres
They are usually assigned to the gender they most closely represent (Sex Differentiation Disorders 1). Although these phenomena cannot be fully explained in human development, studies have linked sex organ abnormalities in frogs with the weed killer atrazine (Reuters 2). The other categories of hermaphrodites are better understood. The male pseudo hermaphrodite has the normal male chromosomal pattern XY, but has female genitalia. Due to Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, where the body does not respond
Flow Water is the most important resource on this earth. We use it for drinking, brushing our teeth, taking showers and so much more. Without water our world would be useless and everything would go extinct. In the documentary called Flow: For Love of Water, directed by Irena Salina, it goes in depth on the water crisis that is threatening our earth. It uses ethos, logos and pathos to show the viewers how crucial this problem is to our society. It shows the nitty gritty things that not everyone
At three in the morning, the phone rang. A trembling voice relayed the news that my friend had fallen into a coma due to an inoperable brain aneurysm. A few days later, her family decided to stop life support after confirmation that she was completely brain-dead. The fact that nothing could be done for her in this day and age, despite all our technological advancements, was a great shock to me. In addition, the fact that she was younger than me made me realize how short and precious each life truly
John Smith Mrs. Bonham English 21 September 2014 Autism is a disorder that affects people all over the world. The full name for the disorder is Autism Spectrum disorder and its effects vary from person to person. There are different severities of the disorder that range from Asperger syndrome all the way to severe Autism Spectrum disorder. The main challenge presented by autism is impaired social interaction for the people dealing with autism. For instance, children with autism often times have
Even though organic agriculture is seen to be safer and healthier for people and the environment, conventional agriculture is more efficient than organic because fertilizers and pesticides reduce the risk of crops failing, however, they may also be detrimental to the nutritional value of the crop. On the other hand, producing organic goods is said to be more expensive and requires more land to produce the same amount of crop yield. With the world’s ever expanding population, rates of starvation are