I am going to investigate the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate
and hydrochloric acid. I will look at the various factors affecting the
reaction and select one variable to change, while the others keep constant
in order to carry out a deta...
Investigating Rate of Reaction
Aim
I am going to investigate the rate of reaction between calcium
carbonate and hydrochloric acid. I will look at the various factors
affecting the reaction and select one variable to change, while the
others keep constant in order to carry out a detailed investigation.
Formulae
========
The formula for the chemical reaction is:
=========================================
CaCO3(s) + 2HCC(l) CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2
============================================
I can measure the rate of reaction between the two substances using
this formula.
Rate of Reaction = Change in Concentration
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Time Taken for Reaction
A chemical reaction is the name given to a substance when it changes
and becomes a completely new substance. It is difficult to reverse. It
happens when particles make effective collisions with sufficient
energy.
Apparatus
=========
Spatula
-------
Conical Flask
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Burette
Stand + Clamps
Measuring Cylinder
Safety Goggles
Beaker
Thermometer
Stopwatch
Kettle + water
Small Funnel
Delivery Tube + Bung
I have chosen to use a measuring cylinder to make my experiment as
accurate as I possibly can. I will be wearing the provided safety
goggles at all times to protect my eyes, as hydrochloric acid is an
irritant that may prove dangerous if it makes contact with the eyes.
Theory
The following theories will help me decide which variable I will
change in my experiment to investigate the rate of reaction using
calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
Temperature - Collision Theory
==============================
The diagram shows particles that are not moving quickly. This means
that the chance of these particles colliding and causing a chemical
reaction is rather low. The temperature is obviously low too, as the
particles have little energy to move quickly. However, if heat were added,
the particles would have more energy and move quicker and have a better
chance of colliding.
This diagram shows particles that are moving quickly. This means...
... middle of paper ...
...respond with my prediction and back it up. As the temperature
increases, so does the rate of reaction.
If I were to repeat the experiment again, I would work under strict
environment, such as in a closed room with no winds or temperature
changes. I would also try and use more accurate ways of reading the
temperature and keeping the temperature constant, such as by using a
water bath. Doing this would possibly make my results even more
accurate. I would also try and make my timing even stricter, possibly
using a smaller time interval such as 10 seconds instead of 15, to get
slightly more accurate results. I may also use a larger range of
acids. I only tried the 1 molar acid, but if I were to repeat the
experiment again, I would perhaps use 3 and 4 molar acids and test
them under high temperatures. I would like to investigate in future
the effect of catalysts and surface area on the rate of reaction, to
be more conclusive on the subject and widen my knowledge.
All in all, my experiment was a success. Everything went well, and I
believe that the techniques and methods I used were accurate and
sufficient enough to provide me with a sound set of conclusive
results.
middle of paper ... ... different from what it should be. To solve this problem a thermostatic water bath could be used as stated above. * If the stop watch was stopped to early or late, again the overall reading would not be as accurate as it could have been.
The Effect of Temperature of Hydrochloric Acid on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Magnesium
Rate of Reaction Between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Plan: In my experiment I will measure the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. The rate of the reaction is the speed that the reaction takes place so by measuring the rate I will measure the amount of time the reaction takes. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that is found in digestive juices in the stomach, it is also used for cleaning metals before they are coated. Calcium carbonate has a few forms including chalk and limestone the main use of these two materials is in the making of concrete, which is used for many things such as buildings. When you put calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid together they react to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid. The aim of this experiment is to find out how different variables affect the rate at which the reaction between Marble chips (CaCO ) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used. There are many variables that affect the rate of this reaction such as the following. 1.
The Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate
limestone chips, I will use 3g all the time and use 2 moles of acid.
Experiment is to investigate the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate Hydrochloric acid + Calcium Carbonate Þ Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide 2HCl (aq) CaCo3 (s) CaCl2(s) H2O (aq) CO2 (g) There are a number of variables in this experiment and these are listed below as input variables and outcome variables.
from 10cm to 50cm to make it easier to see the difference in a graph.
Determination of the Enthalpy Change of a Reaction. Determine the enthalpy change of the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate by an indirect method based on Hess' law. Determination of the Enthalpy Change of a Reaction. Determine the enthalpy change of the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate by an indirect method based on Hess' law. Using the proposed method of obtaining results, these values were gathered.
And the symbol equation for it is:. Na2S2O3 + 2HCl, S + SO2 + 2Na + H2O. Before conducting my experiment, I will research into, amongst other things, the factors that affect the rate of a reaction. This is so that I may have enough information to understand the effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction and also gain appropriate understanding to make a suitable prediction as to what the outcome of my experiment will be. Reactions occur when the particles of reactants collide together continuously.
== == == == ==
Looking at the table of results above and the graph, it is shown that the higher the temperature got, the shorter the reaction time. The obtained results have been plotted on a line graph of the temperature of hydrochloric acid (y-axis) against reaction time (x-axis). This line graph in fig.2 also clearly shows that as the temperature increases, so does the speed of the reaction, shown by a reduction in the time taken. This corroborates the collision theory, where as the temperature of particles increase, the particles gain more kinetic energy and react with each other upon collision. This is shown as to happen in the hydrochloric acid, where the hydrochloric acid particles collide more with the particles of the magnesium ribbon as the temperature was increased. The above graph shows a gradual sloping curve, which gets steeper at higher temperatures. This shows that the reaction will reach a peak rate of activity as the gaps between the temperature and reaction times continue to decrease. The experiment fulfills the aim and clearly shows that as the temperature of a reaction is increased so does it’s rate of reaction, proving the hypothesis to be correct.
An investigation into how changing one variable influences the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute Hydrochloric acid