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In the early 1900s' life was harsh for most of the people, but Australia is often described as the working mans' paradise. Which is not even possible to describe a country in 1900s'. So in order to determine the truth of this statement, we are going to focus on three necessary issues. Firstly, the hours they work, secondly, the wages wages, thirdly, the working conditions and fourthly, the treatment in workplace. The first issue that has been considered is the hours they work. The eight hour day movement was a movement for shorter working hours. It was conducted by trade unions in the 19th century. So it's one third of the day. But before the eight hour day movement, most of the males had to work ten hours a day for six days. So it’s actually a welfare for Australians. On the other hand, according to different family conditions. This movement has caused some problems for people, as the diseases spread many family needed more wages for medical care and to support the family. But as the time goes down they will not be getting that much wages. Also for the middle class people they wanted them to work for their company and make more money. These kind of people might wish to work longer to get better wages. Secondly, relating to 1890, wages was a significant issue exist. Despite, the workers seemed have to work for hours and hours. In fact they actually get little pays. They get the wages that just can support a wife and three children minimum. Consider the women workers during that period, they work the exact same hours as man, and mainly the same job but they were pay less because men were considered the family providers. On approximate, women were paid half amount of men’s wage. There were child workers as well as adults, i... ... middle of paper ... ...even though working hours were less and payments were raised for many workers, treatment were acerb, poor and inadequate. Toilet weren't provides, workplaces were often disgusting and unhygienic. Worker were treated unfriendly by their employs. Women workers treatment are even worse, they often employed as domestic workers and at the time they were responsible for taking care of the household and children not of school age. Few were happy with their jobs and were treated fairly by the families which they work for but not like others have heavy workloads, also often taken advantage by their male employs. In conclusion, after we went though the hours they work, the wage they receive, the working conditions and treatment they got in 1900s'. Prove that even know Australia in 1900s' has quiet lot welfares, but it could still hardly be described as a workers' paradise.
Many of us complain about the tough hours we work or the amount of chores we have to complete, but think about the truly harsh conditions that young girls and women had to work in the textile industry with very little pay and no accolades. Back in the 18th century, when the Industrial Revolution struck, it made it hard for female mill workers to enjoy being employed. Due to the terrible working conditions, the amount of hours worked, and the low wages were a few of the similarities that the female mill workers in England and Japan shared.
Strachan, G., 2013. Still working for the man? Women's employment experiences in Australia since 1950. [Online]
These paragraph state the negatives of this revolution. One of the most important con of this time period is the effect of child labor. As Document 7 states: Large machines and rising demand for products quickly led to the growth of the factory system. The building of these factories led to hire massive numbers of child workers, the youngest at 11 to 12 years old. The owners of these factories had no incentive to look out for the child’s safety or health. The workers also followed a very strict schedule. All workers had to be at the same place in the same time allotted for them. If a worker was injured, he was easily replaced. Another negative was the working conditions. Working conditions were described as dangerous, dirty, unhealthy, polluted, dark, dim and drafty. These workers who worked very hard with their strong muscles in these horrible conditions were not valued. If they were hurt and could not work, they were simply replaced. This was also stated in Document 4, with the same thing happening to children. In conclusion, both adult and child workers were not valued equally and got treated like
In summary, Australian society experienced a phenomenal change during the World War II era upon consideration of women’s roles. The contribution to World War II made by women was significant. They took part in every opportunity that arose, which shows the desperation of change that women wanted. The government’s support for women to work outside their traditional gender expectations, the chance for women to achieve more knowledge with regards to military, the creation of the Women’s Land Army and voluntary work all play a major role in changing the social status and working lives of women. World War II expanded the roles of women in Australian society in ways that were thought to be ridiculous. In short, the role of women in Australian society changed phenomenally during the World War II era.
Young girls were not allowed to open the windows and had to breathe in the dust, deal with the nerve-racking noises of the machines all day, and were expected to continue work even if they 're suffering from a violent headache or toothache (Doc 2). The author of this report is in favor of employing young women since he claimed they seemed happy and they loved their machines so they polished them and tied ribbons on them, but he didn 't consider that they were implemented to make their awful situations more bearable. A woman who worked in both factory and field also stated she preferred working in the field rather than the factory because it was hard work but it never hurt her health (Doc 1), showing how dangerous it was to work in a factory with poor living conditions. Poor living conditions were common for nearly all workers, and similar to what the journalist saw, may have been overlooked due to everyone seeming
America in the late 19th century was a period of American improvement in industry, but not in the working conditions of those industries. The working class, unlike the wealthy businessmen of America, had to perform hard laborious tasks in unsanitary and unsafe conditions in order to survive. With American business moving to the 20th century, American workers wanted a move to organized, clean, and safe working conditions. With the lack of government intervention, workers resorted to various strikes and protests to show their viewpoint in the hopes that they would be noticed.
Late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century were the years of achievement, the years of one huge reform, the years that shaped the present day in so many ways. The present day industrial workers owe their stable life, pleasant working conditions, and a variety of insurances to nothing else but these fifty four years. The struggling lives of industrial proletariat (thesis), their desire for improvement (antithesis), and the emergence of the welfare state, political democracy, trading unions, and social equality (synthesis) skillfully describe the picture of the events happening in those days.
With the gradual advancements of society in the 1800’s came new conflicts to face. England, the leading country of technology at the time, seemed to be in good economic standing as it profited from such products the industrial revolution brought. This meant the need for workers increased which produced jobs but often resulted in the mistreatment of its laborers. Unfortunately the victims targeted were kids that were deprived of a happy childhood. A testimony by a sub-commissioner of mines in 1842 titled Women Miners in the English Coal Pits and The Sadler Report (1832), an interview of various kids, shows the deplorable conditions these kids were forced to face.
Provoking thoughts occurred as a result of viewing a certain piece of art at the San Jose Museum of Art. This piece of art piece labeled Fallen Fruit by David Burns and Austin Young was the awe and inspiration for my topic of this paper. The piece made me think of working conditions and how far they have improved in the past century. The digital print coldly depicts assembly line workers packaging fruits for a company. The print displays the average worker in monochrome while the environment juxtaposes the workers with its tinted bright colors. The contrast between the monochrome workers and the tinted environment creates a feeling where the worker is lost in a sea of color and reveals a sense of seriousness of the morbid reality that most workers faced during the 1920s. This contrast was created by Burns and Young as a metaphor to illuminate the audience on the emphasis that companies placed on the workplace itself and the products that were being produced rather than the conditions of the workers. The angle and focus of the workers in the print also help establish a feeling of disregard for the workers. This cruel reality established by the print led me on the train of thought of the Progressive Era. An era of great change, Progressive reforms helped the quality of life for the average worker and helped pave the way for future improvements. Although Progressive reforms for the workplace were loosely enforced, these labor reforms were effective to help create better working conditions, help regulate big business, and push for the creation of unions and bureaus.
The way in which people work in the labor force and are managed has changed quite a big deal since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Prior to the Industrial Revolution many people worked on the land and worked at a pace that was applicable for them with no one looking over their shoulder to make sure work was being done. One of the biggest reasons for the changes to the industrial society pertains to the discipline and surveillance in the labor force. Some of the many changes that that occurred because of the how laborers worked and having a manager were: strikes, the ending to child labor, creation of the middle class, and new political ideology.
In the 1920s welfare capitalism took place and this was good news for the working class because working conditions began to improve. Wages started to increase and the hours in a work day were shortened. Instead of working ten hours a day employees worked eight hours and if they wished to work more than eight hours that day they received pay for working overtime. Also they now worked five days a week instead of six and there were benefits available. There was this belief in the workforce that if employers made their workers happy then things will be better for everyone. Meaning no labor unrest or raids, however the wages that the workers were getting were not enough to keep with the rising prices of goods. A lot of the time employers wanted their workers to buy from their stores, which had prices that were unreasonably higher than other places.
There are very few improvements that were made during this time. The first on is that throughout the years the work day decreased, yet the daily wages had a bit of an increase (Doc 1). This change could have been made due to labor unions campaigning
Although, the growth of business was booming and consumption was extremely high during the 1920’s employers failed to equally distribute the benefits to its industrial workers who got the short end of the stick and did not see any profit from productivity. Since there was no law at the time established on how many hours a person was to work and get paid, employers would overwork and underpay the laborers. This became a major problem because it brought about high unemployment rates, which for laborers, the shortage of jobs meant strong competition among each other for finding and keeping a job, and low wages, which brought down consumption.
Furthermore, during the 18th century immigration, there was a minimal amount of jobs for a mass amount of people, so most people worked past set hours in order to retain their jobs. Pauline M. Newman, an employee of the Triangle Factory who at the time of work was only a little girl, proclaims “The day's work was supposed to end at six in the afternoon. But, during most of the year we youngsters worked overtime until 9 p.m. every night except Fridays and Saturdays. No, we did not get additional pay for overtime.” Her description of the way they worked accentuated the the sheer number of hours that they had to work. They had to come in early and leave late, working a total of almost 14 hours everyday, with minimal pay and “a piece of apple pie for supper instead.” It is shown that immigrants at this time lived harsh and almost “meaningless” lives, they overworked themselves for the entire day and barely received enough. If instead these shop owners had not been greedy and looking to maximize their profit, then they would have helped these people and created a much more pleasant and fulfilled
The American Labor movement called attention to working condition problems in the United States. Gompers states (1919: 183) “The American labor movement will cooperate with all other agencies to help in this reconstruction time. Our movement is not to destroy, but to construct”. It was a time for change, there was a rapid growth of population, manufacturing factories and exploitation of its workers. The American Labor movement fought for worker’s rights and created lasting labor laws to protect individuals from exploitation.