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Civil rights movement and music
Civil rights movement and music
Civil rights movement and music
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Blues music originated in the cotton fields of the southern United States where the majority of the slave hands were put to work. “The earliest folk-blues were sung by nameless African-Americans living and working in the South’s cotton belt in the early 1880’s and 1890’s- in particular, the region from the Mississippi Delta to East Texas”(Barlow 3). It was believed that this began as a call and response style, which matured into the work song. From that standpoint, after the release of the slaves, the work song then matured into their Spirituals, and later was introduced to the whites through black-faced Minstrel of Medicine shows (How the Blues Overview). As the music matured and became more renowned, its influence became prominent in the music styles of the time, and in the intertwining relationships between the races. “The music was a unique and cultural offering that whites could not deny. It was something new and intriguing to whites that shed a new light on blacks and their place in American culture and society”(Overview). The music did not seem to have the same color restrictions as the music previously performed. It drew blacks and whites together in a place where everyone could leave the Jim Crow laws at the door (Overview). This offered a new and beneficial lifestyle for the blacks as well as the whites. Maybe the interest was that the white people had found a new talent to exploit and from which to make easy money, or perhaps, maybe it was because the whites genuinely understood the cultural significance in the music and respected this talent of the black race enough to overcome racial and cultural differences. Although it was socially acceptable for the Blues musicians to write, compose and produce their music, it was frowned upon, until the late 1950's, that the teenage generation be exposed to black Blues musicians. However, white Blues musicians were another story. The distribution of Blues music was eased into the public by using white covers of black artists (Covers and Dances). Ironically enough, the white covers of these black artist’s music never climbed as high on the top-seller list as the ones originally put out by the black musicians themselves. In 1956, white musician Pat Boone did a cover of the black Blues artist Little Richard's “Tutti Frutti" that reached number 1... ... middle of paper ... ...use of Blues music that white kids ventured into black areas and had a sense of “fair play” long before the civil rights movement (Blues and Rock). As there will always be, there were those people who were disgusted with this sort of music, behavior, belief, and lifestyle. However, historically and recently, this is disregarded as “conservative fluff" and discarded in a hurry. Once the Blues got this far, there was no mercy and no turning back. It seemed as though Blues music did more for the civil rights movement than Brown vs. the Topeka Board of Education (Blues and Rock). Blues was similar to a small leak on a dam, and once the water broke through, it was best to watch it run its course. Traditional Blues music is reflected in modern music, which displays vague or blatant Blues influences. However, the Napoleons of the Blues shall never be forgotten because they fought a war America had at one time decided it could never win. The music instilled faith into the hearts of many black Americans and at the same time instilled empathy and passion in the white Americans. It not only congregated people, it congregated two separate cultures, both as different as black and white.
The development of Rock ‘n’ Roll in the late 1940s and early 1950s by young African Americans coincided with a sensitive time in America. Civil rights movements were under way around the country as African Americans struggles to gain equal treatment and the same access to resources as their white neighbors. As courts began to vote in favor of integration, tensions between whites and blacks escalated. As the catchy rhythm of Rock ‘n’ Roll began to cross racial boundaries many whites began to feel threatened by the music, claiming its role in promoting integration. This became especially problematic as their youth became especially drawn to ...
They don't understand that's life's way of talking. You don't sing to feel better. You sing 'cause that's a way of understanding life. The blues was a way for blacks to speak on the struggles that were going on during that time. Moreover, it would be beneficial for a white audience because Wilson speaks on racial exploitation of blacks and how people in the music industry would try to pay black artists very little and make a huge profit from their music.
In dealing with these issues, historians have neglected to examine the social implication of “race music” on a white audience, specifically teenagers. Historians most often explain the origins of the music as something of a legend; Afro-American music and culture is praised, and white American society is indebted to the cultural enrichment it has received from it. Afro-American music saved white society from being boring.[2] The social realities of the United States during that decade make this birth story seem hypocritical and condescending. The 1950s did not produce harmony between the black and white populations of the United States; racial tensions were enormous.
As the United States entered the 1920's it was not as unified as one might think. Not one, but two societies existed. The Black society, whose ancestors had been oppressed throughout the ages, and the White society, the oppressors of these men and women. After emancipation the Whites no longer needed the Blacks, but were forced to live with them. The Blacks despised the Whites, but even so they became more like them in every way. Even though these two races had grown so similar over the past century and a half, they were still greatly diversified. One aspect of this great diversity was the difference in music trends. The White society was still in love with the European classical music. The Blacks on the other hand had created something all their own. Jazz, Blues, and Ragtime originated in New Orleans in the 19th century, but by the 1920's it had become famous throughout America. The Whites tried to suppress the Blacks with new laws, but the power of this strengthened race was too great. The Negro music of the 20th century had a huge affect ...
Louis Armstrong’s rendition of “(What Did I Do to Be So) Black and Blue” altered various components of the original tune as he incorporated several jazz techniques typical of the 1920’s and pulled the piece out of its original context of Broadway. Doing so greatly changed the piece as a whole and its meaning, to call attention to the necessity of civil rights for the black population. Armstrong’s life was not purely devoted to music. As a civil rights advocate for the black population in the U.S., he grabbed the attention of the government through his fame and helped to bring equal rights to his brethren. But at times, Armstrong allowed his actions to undermine the importance of African American civil rights, which created negative sentiments
Before the war started, a wealthy white man by the name of John Hammond worked to integrate black and white music.1 Since his childhood, he enjoyed the music of numerous black artists, and he wanted to share his love with the rest of America. He used much of his inherited fortune to make this possible. He went against the general opinion of society and his parents, who despised black people. Hammond refused to ignore black artists’ musical abilities because of their color, “I did not revolt against the system, I simply refused to be a part of it.”2 He used his money to organize the most eclectic group of musicians ever assembled, for an integrated audience of his time. Hammond’s efforts made an indelible impact on the music industry. The musicians Hammond introduced in...
It is difficult to imagine American culture without the influence of blues. Thousands of hit songs, hundreds of movie sound tracks, and countless performances of all types have been enriched by the music of poor black farmers struggling to survive in the Mississippi Delta. This unique cultural legacy, spawned in the poorest and most segregated corner of America, has shaped the world’s perception of our country. In the blues we can still hear the tragedy of poverty, the work songs of slaves, the rhythms of the Mississippi, and the struggle for survival that formed the culture of the Delta – and that in turn helped form the identity we know as American.¬¬
...become the famous musicians they are known as today. Many also struggled with drug addictions because of the times they grew up living in. The lyrics of the songs composed by jazz singers were risky and bold. Louis Armstrong released his song Black and Blue in 1929 “My only sin, is my skin, what did I do, to be so black and blue” with these lyrics Armstrong was expressing his pain from all of the discrimination. The reason many of these jazz singers were so determined to go big was to prove the point that a black artist could become rich and famous too, to break the mold of black being not worthy enough. They were inspired by the speeches Marcus Garvey and Martin Luther King Jr. The uplifting tunes and risky lyrics captured crowds’ worldwide and opened people’s eyes to the fact that all people deserved equal rights. Jazz was “the” music of the civil rights movement.
20). For the African American people, this was huge. Jazz music acted as a common language spoken amongst this population. Sometimes it was soft and sweet, and other times it was very loud and almost obnoxious. No matter how it was presented though, there was always an underlying line of experience and life being portrayed through the notes played and words sang within a piece of jazz music. For example, Charley Patton’s “Down the Dirt Road Blues” told a story by discussing common topics such as travel, sex, manual labor, sadness, oppression, and death (Harker, 2005, p. 33). Before jazz, individuals had difficulties telling these types of stories in such free, effective ways. In addition, jazz allowed African Americans to gain a sense of individuality, even though their label of “slave” was still present. To demonstrate, with the onset of jazz, slaves began writing spirituals and plantation songs by meshing European style music with specific African elements (Harker, 2005, p. 21). Their masters could do nothing to stop them from expressing their feelings of frustration and doubt in the form of music. Jazz helped individuals through both the good and bad times, while giving them a new way to express themselves in ways never before
It became less about the outwardly racist and degrading stereotypes and became more about black artists being pushed to the side with their work covered by white artists. The most obvious example is the Rock N Roll revolution. Rock N Roll was marketed to teenagers as a way to command attention and was seen as a way of rebellion: Elvis Presley’s gyrating hips and abundance of sex appeal at the forefront. There is no doubt that Elvis Presley was a great performer and arguably the first real rock star. He was able to command a stage and have a room full of women scream at the top of their lungs with just one note. Doesn’t mean that he all those notes were his. For instance, Hound Dog, one of Elvis’s most recognizable songs was also a cover. The original artist, Big Mama Thornton, wrote the song in… and never got to see her version reach a fraction of the fame Elvis’s did. In fact “as to her royalties she says, “I got one check for $500 and I never seen another. (235)” Elvis’s version of Hound Dog sold roughly 2 million
Roy, W. (2010). Reds, whites, and blues social movements, folk music, and race in the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
“I'm white inside but that don't help my case, 'cause I can't hide what is in my face. How would it end? Ain't got a friend. My only sin is in my skin; what did I do to be so black and blue?” This melancholy message resonated with the frustrated African American community in 1929, as more than a century and a half of enslavement in the United States had left them with deep emotional wounds. Despite the 1865 ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment into the United States Constitution, the United States continually suppressed black Americans, using various legislation to do so. By the same token, African Americans were by no means treated as equal by their white counterparts. Fats Waller’s “Black and Blue,” one of the first instances in which racial struggles appear in the country’s mainstream canon, belonged to an up-and-coming style of music. As this “jazz” music became more and more acclaimed, its musicians began to utilize their popularity by placing messages of the America’s virulent racism in their craft. Thus began an abiding affair between art and civil rights.
Blues singers have always drawn on their environment for inspiration in their lyrics as well as in the sound of their instruments. Unlike the traditional folk singer who will often sing of events that happened many years previous to their own experience -sometimes referring to events spanned by centuries. It is true there are a handful of “blues ballads” such as “John Henry”, “Stack 0’ Lee” or “Frankie & Albert/Johnnie”, which have persisted in black song but they are the exception to the rule - the majority of blues reflected their surroundings in the perspective present.
It shows that the performance of blues has a high altitude of versatility, and it may be one of the reasons that blues become popularity. This unique style makes blues turn into success. (blues takes its shape and style in the process of performance, and for this reason it possesses a high degree of flexibility)
The blues was adopted and exploited by professional singers and songwriters that wanted to make the genre universally accepted so they could make the most profit. Singers and songwriters changed their styles and voice to adapt to the growing popularity of blues music, “I guess I would have done anything to get recorded – it just happened to be a blues contest, so I sang the