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Objectification of women in modern society
Objectification of women in modern society
Women in art research paper
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For centuries, the objectification of women has become the norm, forever portraying them as submissive and passive for the benefit of the male gaze. Eternally capsulated in a world, perfected, unanimously the viewer and viewed alike. Jenny Saville defies expectations in creating the female nude with herself as both subject and painter. Taking on the roles given to women by men and making them her own, Saville elevates the status of women by making them their own judge of beauty. Kenneth Clark, a renowned art historian of his time, believed to create a form of art, the nude must be reformed and not directly recorded from life. In doing so, scouring away all evidence of the woman before the painting, before being perfected.
“Propped” is painted
By doing so, they can clear their conscience by believing the woman to be a “sight”, nothing more than a viewing implement to sate their desires, “thus turning herself into an object…and most particularly an object of vision: a sight” (1972:47). Jenny Saville in her piece “Propped” also uses a mirror but as a tool of empowerment, rather than a process of demeaning herself. Saville, also the viewer, has positioned the mirror between both aspects of herself, allowing the mirror to break the voyeurism of the male gaze. With an insubordinate expression on her face, she dares anyone to try and take away her own right to her body. Berger, through exploring Reuben’s work completely describes the intention of Saville “her body confronts us, not as an immediate sight, but an experience” (1972:61) declaring Saville to be more than an object or sight, to be a woman capable of knowing her own self and mind. Scrawled across the mirror, reflected on to Saville’s body is the quote “If we continue to speak in the sameness, speak as men have spoken for centuries, we will fail each other again” (Noel, 2013). She has done this to remind women that men have judged the “perfect” female form too long, that it is time for
In the etching, most of the people are unaware of the others. At the center, a partially dressed woman raises her arms and leans forward as if to display her body; in the foreground, another woman is reaching out to the clothesline, and right above her head shows a male figure’s silhouette, facing the windows across away. “Its subject is certainly voyeurism, but who is the voyeur? The man on the roof, the artist, the picture's viewer, or all three?” ( Zurier, 281) Looking at the work, it is hard to determine who is the spectator and who is being spectated, as the relationship between them is intricate and interactive. Here, Sloan not only portrays his observation, but also critiques the action of urban watching
In Pleasantville (Ross 1998), women have expectations of doing all the cooking, cleaning, and keeping their priorities focused on their husband. George Parker comes home from work expecting a warm greeting from his wife and food that is ready for him to eat. Betty Parker learns from Jennifer, David, and Mr. Johnson that women do not need to fulfill these roles and men do not need to have dominance over women in a relationship for it to be successful.
In the introduction scene as Cleo looks in her mirror, she reflects to herself, “as long as I’m beautiful I’m even more alive with others.” After observing that scene, it reveals how women look in the mirrors and do not actually see themselves. Rather, the view distorted by the cruel world’s beauty standards. Cleo should know that others may make you appear more present; it does not truly mean you exist in your in-itslef. Cleo, in her mind, maintains this immoral attitude throughout the beginning of the film that her looks must present to everyone, especially those people on the streets of Paris, her unacknowledged beauty. All this effort is made by not just Cleo, but most of society’s women to avoid the confrontation of being misperceived and or stigmatized. For instance, after watching a scene where Cleo is with her lover, instead of talking about her affliction and opening up to her partner, she still places herself as the perfect image of his perception of beauty. It is obvious that Cleo is left unsatisfied when her lover at the time leaves her. This being a cry for help for the true relationships in which she mourns for. Cleo focuses on being alluring as possible instead of speaking what really is on her mind. Cleo, in turn, fixating on how she is viewed by others. Through gazing at her reflection
Jennifer Egan's The Black Box, reads like a manual or a guide for civilian women that voluntarily choose to go undercover to obtain intelligence on terrorists. Egan's work shows women as being sexually objectified. In this work, women are told that "The goal is to be lovely, innocuous, and evolving surprise" and to "Mirror your Designated Mate's attitudes, interests, desires and tastes" (Egan 16,9). Similarly, in the 18th and 19 century women were expected to complement their men and were seen as property and sexual objects. While this is not a new idea, it resonates in the 21st century still and Egan uses her writing to delve into these subjects. By demonstrating the critiques of women's beauty she takes this sexual objectification further
Women have spent a large amount of time throughout the 20th century fighting for liberation from a patriarchal form that told them that they must be quiet and loyal to their husbands and fathers. For the duration of this essay, I will be discussing how the “Modern Woman” image that appeared through the Art Deco style — that emulated ideas such as the femme fatale and masqueraded woman, and presented new styles to enhance women’s comfortability and freedom — is still prevalent and has grown in contemporary art and design since. Overall I will describing to you how fashion, sexuality, and the newly emerged ‘female gaze’, and how these tie in together — in both periods of time — to produce what can be described as powerful femininity.
Aristotle once claimed that, “The aim of art is to represent not the outward appearance of things, but their inward significance.” Artists, such as Louise-Elizabeth Vigée Le Brun and Mary Cassatt, captured not only the way things physically appeared on the outside, but also the emotions that were transpiring on the inside. A part no always visible to the viewer. While both artists, Le Brun and Cassatt, worked within the perimeters of their artistic cultures --the 18th century in which female artists were excluded and the 19th century, in which women were artistically limited-- they were able to capture the loving relationship between mother and child, but in works such as Marie Antoinette and Her Children and Mother Nursing her Child 1898,
Women in pictorial history have often been used as objects; figures that passively exist for visual consumption or as catalyst for male protagonists. Anne Hollander in her book Fabric of Vision takes the idea of women as objects to a new level in her chapter “Women as Dress”. Hollander presents the reader with an argument that beginning in the mid 19th century artists created women that ceased to exist outside of their elegantly dressed state. These women, Hollander argues, have no body, only dress. This concept, while persuasive, is lacking footing which I will attempt to provide in the following essay. In order to do this, the work of James Tissot (b. 1836 d. 1902) will further cement the idea of “women as dress” while the work of Berthe
No other artist has ever made as extended or complex career of presenting herself to the camera as has Cindy Sherman. Yet, while all of her photographs are taken of Cindy Sherman, it is impossible to class call her works self-portraits. She has transformed and staged herself into as unnamed actresses in undefined B movies, make-believe television characters, pretend porn stars, undifferentiated young women in ambivalent emotional states, fashion mannequins, monsters form fairly tales and those which she has created, bodies with deformities, and numbers of grotesqueries. Her work as been praised and embraced by both feminist political groups and apolitical mainstream art. Essentially, Sherman’s photography is part of the culture and investigation of sexual and racial identity within the visual arts since the 1970’s. It has been said that, “The bulk of her work…has been constructed as a theater of femininity as it is formed and informed by mass culture…(her) pictures insist on the aporia of feminine identity tout court, represented in her pictures as a potentially limitless range of masquerades, roles, projections” (Sobieszek 229).
One of the most influential and inspiring feminist artists to produce work, Judy Chicago was able to (how she changed the world) through her work including ‘the dinner party’ (1979).an instillation completed after 5 years of development. Triangular in configuration, equilateral in structure, reflecting the goal of feminism, an equalized world. Completed using ceramics, needle and fiber techniques as well as china painting. The table holding 39 place settings each commemorating a mythical or important woman or historical figure. Beneath the table was 2304 handmade porcelain tiles, 999 of which were inscribed of other important woman’s names. In her artwork the dinner party Judy Chicago gave recognition to woman both achievers and oppressed. In this way she gave a voice to the duality of woman’s issues, not only was she advocating for recognition of woman’s achievements but she was also bringing to the forefront the concept of inequality. Judy Chicago‘’ had been trying to establish a respect for woman and woman’s art; to forge a new kind of art expressing woman’s experience’- challenge and redefine conventions of gender’’ The fact that the names of woman were placed on a high end table setting challenged gender equality in itself as tables like this had previously been only acc...
The role of females during much of the Twentieth Century is domestic. Two well-known authors during this time period have conflicting views of how women fulfill these roles. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, the women portray two very different perspectives on the roles of women within families and the values they instill within their families. The value the women share about money is one of the most prominent perceptions the authors portray. Both pieces of Modern literature differ in the perception of a woman’s rightful role as well as the importance of family in relation to monetary wealth.
There are many ways people or individuals may feel a woman/man should present themselves, or behave a certain way. Many people act deign or uncharacterized with no internal drive like in the vignettes “Marin”, and “Alicia Who Sees Mice”.
People use art to display the beauty found in the world and, because of this, women have been subject to objection through paintings and photography all throughout history. Whether it is a commissioned oil painting from the 17th century or an advertisement from the 20th century, there will always be some type of image that objectifies women. In the book Ways of Seeing John Berger states that a woman “comes to consider the surveyor and surveyed within her as the two constituent yet always distinct elements of her identity as a woman,” (Ways of Seeing 46). Berger is saying that women know they are seen as an object purely because they are women. Women in paintings and photography are objectified for the pleasure of the viewer, they are illustrated for the surveyor’s specifications, so in essence the picture is a better representation of the owner than the subject.
In 1975, a feminist filmmaker Laura Mulvey coined the concept ‘male gaze’, as we see ‘the gaze’ at work in both these films, Some Like It Hot and My Week With Marilyn (Helford, 2015). There are many significant qualifications made in such a universalization of ‘male’ and ‘female,’ as well as carefully considering with differences, of race, class, social, era and culture components (Helford, 2015). Heterosexual men who engage in the privileges of the male gaze, including, have been historically tied to this gaze factor (Helford, 2015). Similarly, women who do not conform to social norms of appearance; from size to ability to race and class deems unworthy of being objectified (Helford, 2015). However, the male gaze is always incomplete solution
In John Mill 's’ essay, “The Subjection of Women”, Mill evaluates and analyses, the social differences between the sexes of the Victorian era. Mills raises some valid points about the subjection of women pertaining to the 19th century. Mills argues that during this time women are treated by their husbands as slaves to a master, not offered an equal opportunity in terms of employment, and their educational achievements aren’t recognized nearly as much as their male counterpart.
16.)Utt, Jamie. "Navigating The Difference Between The Appreciation of Beauty and Sexual Objectification." Everyday Feminism 18 Apr. 2013: n. pag. Web. 19 Apr. 2014. .