3.2.3.6 Aggregate Impact Value test as per IS: 2386- 4 (1963) This test was performed to determine the aggregate impact value of coarse aggregates. Impact testing machine was used. Cup of the machine was firmly fixed. Sample was placed in it and compacted with the help of tamping rod. 15 blows of hammer were given from 380 mm height. Sample is then sieved from 2.36 IS sieve. Material retained was weighed. Table 3.17:- Aggregate Impact Value Result Observations Sample 1 Sample 2 Weight of dry sample (W1) [in gm] 350 350 Material passing 2.36mm IS sieve(W2) [in gm] 60 55 Aggregate Impact Value = W2/W1×100 17.14% 15.71% Specified value of Aggregate Impact Value Nature of stone Aggregate value Exceptionally …show more content…
Figure 5:- Impact Testing Machine 3.3 Mix Design for M30 Grade of Concrete as per IS: 10262 (2009) 3.3.1 Data for mix proportioning Grade of concrete M30 Type of Cement : Ordinary Portland cement (Birla Cement) Maximum nominal size of aggregate : 20 mm Minimum cement content : 300 kg/m3 Maximum cement content : 450 kg/m3 W/C ratio : 0.47 Workability : 80 - 100 mm (Slump) Exposure condition : Mild Specific gravity of cement : 2.98 Specific gravity of coarse aggregate : 2.87 Specific gravity of fine aggregate : 2.66 Water absorption of CA : 0.13% Water absorption of FA : 1.7% Target mean Strength f’ck = fck + 1.65 x …show more content…
Slump test was conducted to determine the workability of concrete. From each mix nine cubical specimens of dimension 150 × 150 ×150 mm were casted for determination of compressive strength and two beams of dimension 500×100×100 mm were casted for determining flexural strength. Specimens were compacted by means of vibration machine and tamping rod. Strength of cubes and beams were tested after 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. Figure 8:- Casting of Cubes Figure 9:- beam mould for casting 3.7 Compaction of test specimens Compaction was done as per IS 516: 1959. The moulds were filled with concrete in three layers and after every layer compaction was done with the tamping rod by tamping 25 times. After complete filling moulds were compacted using vibration machine to ensure a symmetrical distribution of concrete. 3.8 Curing of test specimens After casting moulds were kept in concrete laboratory at room temperature for 24 ±1/2 hrs at a place free from vibrations. After 24 hrs sample were removed from moulds and marked for later identification. Then sample was stored in clean water at room temperature till the testing of
The technique used to narrow down the identity of unknown white compound were solubility test, pH test, flame test, and ion test. The first technique used to narrowed the properties of unknown white compound was using solubility test. To conduct solubility test, 0.25 gram of unknown white compound was dissolved in 100 mL of water. After carefully observing the change while string unknown white compound in water, the unknown white compound was soluble because it dissolved in water completely. Using bursen burner, matches and deionized water, flame test was conducted for unknown compound and it burned lilac color. Then compared the color of unknown white compound to other compound that were narrowed. The results of flame test for compounds that were narrowed down is shown in the following table. The pH test was conducted using litmus paper. 0.50 gram of unknown white compound was measured and dissolved in 10 mL of water in beaker. After dissolving, placed the litmus paper in solution and recorded the pH value of unknown compound which was neutral. Then compared the pH value of unknown white compound to compound that were narrow down. The pH result of the KCL, KNO3, NaCl, and K2SO4 is presented in the following table. The ion test was also conducted in order to make sure that the identity of unknown white compound was matched with the compound that were narrow down. After conducting the test, the result of unknown white compound which formed precipitate compared to KCl, KNO3,NaCl, and K2SO4. The results shown in the following
The micro hardness of the prepared samples were obtained by using a Vickers Micro hardness Tester (Model : Leco LV 700, USA). 5 readings were taken for each sample to calculate the average hardness. An indentation load of 5gf was used. After calculating the average hardness for each sample, mean variance and standard deviation (S.D.) was calculated to check the consistency of the data.
At the initial stage of the investigation all the visible evidence is to be observed from the latent impression perspective. At this stage only the physical evidence is taken into account. The objects can be divided into porous and non-porous surfaces from the imprint ability preservation perspective. It is advisable to send all the available evidence to the laboratory expertise, though the non-porous substances...
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was employed extensively through want this study to examine and obtain images of prepared samples. The associated analytical facility of Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis was used to identify and quantify the elemental composition of the prepare samples.
Water (125 ml) was added to the solution then cooled in an ice bath for 10 minutes. The brown crystals (2) were collected by vacuum filtration and dried (2.407 g, 5.37 mmol, 90.3%
About 1 gm. coarse powder was weighted and transferred to a 500 ml conical flask containing 100 ml of water. It was maintained at moderate boiling for 30 minute on water bath. It was cool and filtered in to a 100 ml volumetric flask. Volume was diluted by adding sufficient amount of water. The decoction was poured in test tube, and then shaken in a lengthwise motion for 15 seconds. They were allowed stand for 15 minutes and the height of foam was measured to determine the foaming index.
The objective of this lab was to identify physical properties as well as chemical and physical changes. This was done by first observing and recording the physical properties of seven different materials. The materials were: Sulfur (S), Iron fillings (Fe), Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), Sucrose (C12H22011), Sand (SiO2), Magnesium (Mg), and Sodium chloride (NaCl). Those seven materials were then placed in a 24 well plate in small quantity’s and the physical properties were recorded. Sulfur was founded to be a powder with a yellow color and insoluble in water. Iron fillings were black, attracted to a magnet and insoluble. Sodium bicarbonate was found as a crystal solid with a white color and was insoluble. Sucrose was a crystal solid with a while
The slump flow of mix1 is 550 mm and for mix2 and mix3 it is greater than mix 1 whose slump values are 745 and 755 mm.The blocking ratio L-box (1,10) test of mix1 was 0.81 and of mix2 and mix 3 was 1.0.The higher blocking ratio means good deformability without blockage on closely spaced obstacles and it is capable of highly flow able concrete to self compacting.
Throughout the construction industry, technology plays a role to help ease the completion of a project to all of the parties involved. The amount of technology application in the industry supports the belief that technology has a positive impact on project productivity. One of the main materials used in the construction industry that surrounds us every day, in which we overlook, is concrete. Concrete is an art form, in which it takes time and talent in order for it to be used efficiently, to produce its high strength and longevity. However, the downfall of this material is that it is extremely costly and nearly impossible to form it to an aesthetically pleasing surface. In spite of this, what if I told you that there is hope? That the dream of a material made of concrete, producing the same qualities, can be formed to any shape, and used anywhere was a reality.
One of the research focuses on utility of Expanded polystyrene as a mixture with cement, sand and water and preparing the concrete brick. Which has the average compressive strength of 12.79MPa. te relationship of density and compressive strength is given by correlation fc = 2.43 x α2.997 x 10-9.
That’s why this pouring temperature range (1390◦c to 1420ºc) is selected during the pour of molten metal in the mould.
In this report, we will introduce and illustrate on precast concrete, pre-stressed concrete, ready-mix concrete, reinforced concrete, terrazzo and Urbanite in details.
Three types of compression test specimens are used: cubes, cylinders and prisms. In our country, usually cube and cylinder are used. The concrete grade is based on the 150 mm size cube strength and if the cylinder is tested, the strength should be modified into equivalent cube strength.
As concrete is plastic material in Green State it has to kept in enclosure till its harden. This enclosure is known as ‘ Formwork or Shuttering’.
Today, the used concrete is called Portland cement; so, the process to produce Portland was an initiative of Joseph Aspdin in the early 1800’s in England who, through its marketing process, in report to the good quality of the stone built with Portland, allowed people to favorably compare concrete made with his cement to the popular building stone. So, concrete is a porous material, whose properties depend on its pore space. Several kinds of pores exist in accordance with the concrete mixing process, ranging from the air voids that are entrapped in this mixing process, which can be quite large, up to a few mm in diameter, to a capillary pores, as being essentially