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Child development is one of the most important phases of development as it shapes the individual of his/her cognitive, physical and social emotional strengths and weaknesses. The mental health of parents is meticulously interrelated with the wellbeing of their children. (Nicholson & Clayfield, 2004). Urie Bronfenbrenner (DATE) further explores this through his theories of the impact on child development and how his notion of the Ecological Systems Theory investigates the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem and chronosystem. This multi-level concept of how environmental factors can influence the different systems, demonstrates the dynamical process of children development.
Touching into the microsystem, my close relationship with
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Effectively a parent with a mental illness can impact this, as their interactions will be limited to whether or not the parent has an episode. Growing up, there were days where my mother wouldn’t want to get out of bed affecting me more emotionally than anything. In this instance it was through the support of my older sisters that helped me further develop motor skills in terms of playing catch or riding a bike or even learning how to hold a …show more content…
When the bad days would come around, I became more resilient as I worked on this idea of a frame or barrier that helped me keep a safe distance from my mother while trying to stay connected (Mordoch & Hall, 2008). My contribution to domestic chores such as doing the dishes, washing or mopping the floors, helping my little sister with her homework, I tended to drop my needs in order to meet hers. These strategies helped me mend the short-term issues however my overall helplessness to the situation forced me to focus on my own wellbeing.
Cognitive Development
Cognitive development involves the receiving, processing and application of information in order to acquire the necessary brain competence. I was very fortunate to be surrounded by relatives and my five sisters who helped me learn and develop the skills to engage proficiently in my learning. The relationships formed within my mesosystem effectively encouraged me to further develop my understandings making sense of the world. Vijaya Krishnan (2010) investigates the theories developed by Jean Piaget (1952) focusing on the ways of which children learn involving development categorical domains.
Social-Emotional
Environment has always played an important role on how children are raised. Throughout child developmental psychology, many different theorist’s views on how environment effects a child development differently, or if it plays any role at all in a child developing with a healthy psyche. In the film Babies (2010), we are introduced to two human babies living in distinctively different parts of the world and we are given a glimpse of their lives as they grow and develop. In the film, we are introduced to Ponijao from the rural area of Opuwo, Namibia, who lives with his mother and his siblings. In another area of the world, the urban city of San Francisco, U.S., we are introduced to Hattie, who lives with her mother and father.
Environment says a lot about identity, past, and future. Primary environment has the most effect on shaping a child. According to a US National Library of Medicine research study, ”The physical environment and child development: An international review” it says, “What we do know suggests that the physical environment experienced by children impacts their cognitive and socioemotional development across the lifespan, from the prenatal period through adulthood.” In children this is especially important because a child develops most between the ages of two and five. There are three key elements that contribute to a healthy physical for young children, an adequate standard of living (mainly sufficient food, clothing, and housing), healthcare, and safety from injury, violence, and environmental hazards. In The Other Wes Moore, Wes(a) had
Bronfenbrenner theorised that there are many different influences that affect a child’s development, forming 5 systems to categorise certain events, or environments into. This theory helps me to understand the theme of Nature Vs Nurture, as it gives some context as to what environments can affect a child's development. From this, we can work out solutions for each child's situation, to ensure that their development is still progressing.
Over time, there has been an expansion in our knowledge of the ways in which humans develop and learn. It is now known that babies are beginning to learn even before they are born. I often find myself wishing I had known these things when my children were developing. We all want our children to be the best that they can be; with some knowledge of how children learn and the sequential steps they must go through in many areas of development, we can provide many experiences at home to help them reach their potential. When educators discuss children 's development, they usually talk about physical, mental, social, and emotional development.
Children are products of their environment. There are several factors that determine the future outcome of the child. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model breaks down the components that effect the child. This model contains several layers; the inner most layer is called the microsystem, then comes the mesosystem, the exosystem, and the macrosystem. Each layer describes different factors that explain how and why the child behaves or grows up to be a certain way.
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory will be applied throughout this essay to delve into the reasoning behind particular behavioural issues. According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, an individual has multiple environments known as their ecological systems (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). Bronfenbrenner (1994) suggests that a developing child is influenced by the relationships surrounding them and the best way to understand a child’s behaviour is to look at the numerous aspects of the child’s environment and how they interact with each other. The relationships and environments that the child interacts with have been separated into layers known as the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem and the overarching chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The microsystem is the environment where the child has direct face-to-face relationships such as at home, day care and school (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The relationships formed within the microsystem directly impact the development of a child (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). It is through the processes of repeated interactions with people, objects and symbols that the human develops (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The second layer in the ecological model is the mesosystem, which is the interaction between two of the microsystems such as the relationship between a parent and a teacher (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The exosystem is an external environment, with which the
The processes which explain how development transpires can be described as mechanisms of development. Although Piaget and Vygotsky both focused their theories on cognitive development, the mechanisms needed to develop cognition differ for each theorist. Piaget focused on the mechanisms of cognitive organization, adaptation, and equilibration. Vygotsky, on the other hand, focused on a dialectical process, cultural tools, Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), scaffolding, internalization, and private/inner speech. For Piaget, cognitive organization entails the tendency for thought to have structures in which information and experiences are then labeled into schemas (Miller, 2011). Schemas allow humans to organize categories of information they
Cognitive development = == == == ==
The two theories that will be discussed throughout this paper are Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development. The major themes and concepts of the two theories share both differences and similarities. Specific emphasis will be placed on the earliest years of life and will also be related to separation, individuation, and attachment theory. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development focuses on the concept of schemas and cognitive thought that helps an individual organize knowledge and understand the world, in comparison to Erikson’s theory which focuses on conflicts that arise between and within the ego. Accommodation and assimilation occur throughout Piaget’s theory as a result of children changing their schema to adapt.
Human development issues have remained critical in understanding how and why people behave the way they do. Several human development theories exist to explain human development from birth through to death. Some of these have focused on the psychological aspects of human development while others on the cognitive aspect (Piaget, 1971; Lerner, 2001; Swick and Williams, 2006). Other human development theories have also focused on the social and environmental aspects (Bronfenbrenner & Bronfenbrenner, 2009; Swick, 2004). This current essay examines one of the major social theories relating to child development. The theory to be examined is the Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory of human development. The essay will further examine the applicability of the Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory to my personal development, growing up as a child between the ages of 4 years and 12 years. In the first instance, the essay will focus on explaining the – Bronfenbrenner’s theory including the four types of systems described by the theory. Subsequently, the essay will examine how these systems apply to my life in relation to the social systems in which I grew in South Sudan in Africa. It will be seen that the Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory
There are many different aspects of environment that can affect the development of children. One major environmental impact that influences the development of a child is the neighborhood they are raised in. Within the neighborhood there are several other aspect of influence. Where a child is raised can affect their behavior, attitudes, emotions, personality, values, health, and so much more. This can be seen in their personal lives at home to their social lives around others in classrooms. The affects of a child’s development due to their environment can be seen in both a positive and negative aspect. The neighborhood that a child is raised in can be very critical in their development. It may have a significant effect on what he or she becomes in the future.
The Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory focuses on how ones environment can affect a person’s development. It focuses on 5 main areas namely the Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem and Chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner, 1977, p. 514-515). Each system represents the setting in which they live in and how these people affect their growth. In this particular case study, Andy’s main influence is from the Microsystem and Mesosystem.
Child growth and development is a process that consists of some building blocks, which are components that combine in an infinite number of ways (Cherry, n.d.). As a result of the variations of building blocks in a child’s development, educators, psychologists, and philosophers have been constantly engaged in the debate of nature versus nurture debate. Many researchers agree that child development is a complex interaction between his/her genetic background (nature) and his/her environment (nurture). In essence, some developmental aspects are strongly affected by biology whereas other aspects are influenced by environmental factors. From the onset of an individu...
This includes, cognitive emotional health, social ability, personality and a healthy adult life (Haddad). All four areas of a Childs development needs are influenced by their environment but most importantly by their parents, or any powerful adult figure in their lives. If a child slowly develops negative behavior in any four aspects, I believe the parents play a part in this. A parent influences what their child is exposed too, different people to new places. My family really provided me with a lot of love and affection as a kid. They would always make sure I had what I needed. In addition, they would always make sure they were being a positive role model for me. My parents did stress me during my developmental years by fighting often. Around the time I was nine my parents separated and eventually divorced. Divorce is a huge deal for the children involved and I believe shaped me into who I am to this day. It can damage them emotionally and eventually lead to problems in the immediate
To help j it’s important to understand his basic child development. A careful assessment of him in his environment is key. Cases involving child care and protection usually requires multidisciplinary input, if necessary the transit home, a clinical psychologist, a mental health counselor, and other social service professionals will be considered. The theory that will be used in relation to this case is the Ecological System Theory, which provides a means to identify and describe the environments in which the child exists. These environmental systems are the: microsystem, mesosystem, ecosystem, macro system and chronosystem.