Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Environmental impacts of industrialization
Environmental impacts of industrialization
Environmental impacts of industrialization
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Environmental impacts of industrialization
2.0 THE CONCEPT OF URBAN SUSTAINABILITY
Most people live in the urban areas because of better a life; research indicates that over half of the world’s population lives in the urban centers (Brown et al. 2012). People are looking for employment which they believe can be easily found in the urban areas (Dixon & Eames 2014). Therefore, the problems or challenges experienced in the urban areas are mostly contributed by this huge population. Most people have always held the perception that life in the urban areas can be more comfortable than rural areas; indeed, there are a lot of opportunities in the urban areas. However, that would only be possible if the city is environmentally conscious about the threats and challenges
…show more content…
The city still has rooms to grow and develop to become as competitive as other cities with good environmental sustainability strategies like Curitiba, Totnes, and Hammarby. Some of the city’s strengths include diverse industry base, skilled and multicultural workforce, good sporting, art and cultural capital. Melbourne has undergone various industrial transformations since Australia opened up its economic global competition in the late 1900s (Alliance 2009). Melbourne has been one of the cities that have exploited this opportunity by shifting its manufacturing focus from locally based to global based. As such, the city has been able to diversify its workforce which consists of educated, flexible and multicultural personnel (Alliance 2009). The industries have been able to offer employment to a huge population. Research shows that most of the people employed in Melbourne come from over 200 countries across the world. It also consists of people speaking over 230 languages with more than 130 diverse religious backgrounds (Alliance …show more content…
Melbourne city is faced with social class discrimination threat; where the upper class enjoys every privilege including better houses because they can afford it, while the lower and middle class continue to struggle. Melbourne is not different to other cities across the world that experience urban challenges. However, the city’s management has enacted various strategies that can help the city achieve its goals. Some of the goals of Melbourne is to become a city of people by supporting every member of the community irrespective of his/her religion, sex, disability, economic and social status, to be a creative city by supporting the artistic expressions, be a prosperous city by supporting investors, and be an eco-city by building a sustainable town that is more competitive in terms of environmental conservation and urban planning (Lorenz et al. 2008). To be able to achieve these goals, the city needs to come up with effective sustainability strategies that will place it at a competitive level locally and
Finally in 1991, the federal government initiated a ‘Better Cities Program’ which aimed to make Australian cities sustainable and more liveable. It encoura...
This paper argues that urban consolidation should not be the focal point for future development in Melbourne. I will present this augment from 4 different environmental and social perspectives, which include urban consolidation limits green space, lack consumer preference, restricts freedom and rebuts that sprawl development is not necessarily bad for traffic.
Sometimes, progress is not always obvious, even when a society is meeting its needs. Noosa, Australia, for example, has established a population cap of 60,000 residents to maintain its biodiversity and village-like atmosphere. While some believe this cap limits the city’s growth, Noosa is progressive because it has accomplished its residents’ desires of conserving the unique biodiversity. Noosa’s population cap also ensures that the city will not become overcrowded; by meeting both present and future needs, the city creates a manageable future for its citizens.
Again, this section will give a working definition of the “urban question’. To fully compare the political economy and ecological perspectives a description of the “urban question” allows the reader to better understand the divergent schools of thought. For Social Science scholars, from a variety of disciplines, the “urban question” asks how space and the urban or city are related (The City Reader, 2009). The perspective that guides the ecological and the social spatial-dialect schools of thought asks the “urban question” in separate distinct terminology. Respected scholars from the ecological mode of thinking, like Burgess, Wirth and others view society and space from the rationale that geographical scope determines society (The City Reader, 2009). The “urban question” that results from the ecological paradigm sees the relationship between the city (space) as influencing the behaviors of individuals or society in the city. On the other hand...
However, the “uneasy relationship” between the Yarra River and Melbourne has eased off in last couple years. Tony Dingle records that people working in the city started to go to the riverside during the lunchtime and the greenery on the riverbank offers people a place to relax. Also, the Yarra River forms the juxtaposition of architectures on the riverside that creates a tourist attraction for
Another area of growth is the conference sector with an increasing demand for hotel rooms for international delegates for meetings. Religion - Melbourne Melbourne has a very multi-cultural population due to immigration from different countries across its history. Therefore, Melbourne has a wide range of different religions represented in its population including Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Sikhism and
Indeed, many global cities face compelling urban planning issues like urban sprawl, population, low density development, overuse of non-renewable natural recourses, social inequities and environmental degradation. These issues affect the cities themselves, the adjacent regions and often even globally. The resulting ecological footprint upsets the balance in adjacent rural and natural areas. Unplanned or organic development leads to urban sprawl, traffic problems, pollution and slums (as evident in the case of Mumbai city). Such unplanned development causes solid waste management and water supply to fall inadequate. Urban sprawl gives rise to low density development and car dependent communities, consequently leading to increased urban flooding, low energy efficiency, longer travel time and destruction of croplands, forests and open spaces for development.
There are many reasons and impacts for urban expansions which enormously influences the sustenance generation of urban communities and towns. Despite the fact that in Australia a few causes include:
Nowadays, more than half of the world population lives in cities. Urban populations consume 75% of the world 's natural resources and generate 75% of waste. Cities have become consumers of enormous amounts of natural resources and generating massive environmental
Surely there exist cities that are determined to transform into more eco-friendly representatives of urban civilization, yet these efforts are typically focused on minimizing the harmful output of cities rather than rew...
Moore said that we can understand sustainability as “a storyline, a narrative thread that people use to understand how the past, present, and future can be connected in different ways” (Moore 2007). Since the understanding of sustainability has been changing, we can neither predict what will happen in the future nor establish a set of rules for the future generation to follow. As Norton argued, sustainable activities can be conducted in the present “without negatively impacting the range of important choices that should be left open to the next generation” (Norton 2005:432). Therefore, it’s crucial to apprehend the nature of sustainable cities in order to set up the framework while never kill
With the development of urbanization, an increasing number of social problems have emerged. These problems will decelerate the urban development, however, there are many ways in which sustainable development can reduce the impact of these urbanization problems. “Sustainable development seeks to improve the quality of human life without undermining the quality of our natural environment” (Adams, W.M. 1999). Actually, sustainable development can partly solve the urbanization problems, for it can reduce the impact of the problems such as traffic jam, housing shortage and severe pollution, but it is difficult to completely solve these problems in a short time.
It has taken 20 to 30 years, based on images taken in space of the Earth during the late 1960s, for people to realize that the environment ‘is like a bathtub of limited capacity’. Cities have been developing based on human culture whilst trying to be sustainable at the same time. Although it may be sustainable, the production process and the energy producing systems where they burn fossil fuels, contributes to the amount of carbon emissions that we produce each day. Green city is an expression for eco-city which is a city built off the principles of living within the means of the environment. It has been perceived as a concept rather than it circumstantially solving an ecological collapse like the ‘green Disneyland’ in Masdar City described
Cities all over the world are developing. As war ended in 1942, a significant number of people move to the city because they want to improve life. This urbanization process is causing a number of problems and should be met by sustainable development policies. In the beginning, it is important to know the definition of sustainable development. There are some definitions for sustainable development, but simply they say that sustainable development is a development which using resources now and preserving them for future generations (Adams, 1999, p.137). This concept has been agreed internationally at a Rio Conference in 1992 to be implemented by all government policies which mostly known as “Agenda 21” principles (Adams, 1999, p.141). This paper will show that traffic jams and housing problems caused by urbanization can be met by sustainable development policies. The structure of this paper will first explain the situation that leads to traffic jams and housing problems. Next, it will elaborate the sustainable development solutions, implications for the solutions, and evaluations how effective the sustainable development solutions solved the problems.
Just like above, sustainable development helps a lot in dealing with problems caused by urbanization.