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The positive and negative impact of psychology in society
The positive and negative impact of psychology in society
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Introduction Unspoken rules are the natural phenomenon when people are having stress in modern. Due to increasing stress we need to solve from the society, causing a rise in the unspoken rules happened. We have much pressure you need to face such as high expectation of academic or policy. We need to find the factors of affecting the emotion and behaviour. Therefore, we can be easily to avoid the negative emotion and behaviour happened by unspoken rules. The aims of this project are mostly to examine the ABC model and the effect of thinking distortions. Another aim is to apply these concepts with my personal experience how the unspoken rules affect my emotion and behaviour. Literature Review Accorcing to Ellis (1962), “we are always introduced …show more content…
It is the distortions in our thinking. Psychologist Dr. Ellis said that thinking distortions are the automatic thinking, distorted thoughts which cause individuals to perceive reality inaccurately and usually are negative thoughts which cause negative emotions and depressive or anxious mental state. There are some thinking distortions so I mentioned some common distortion. A distortion called jumping to conclusions. For instance, you believe you will fail an examination so you do not study and fail the examination. Another distortion called should statement. We have a list of ironclad rules about how others and we should behave. People who break the rules make us angry, and we feel guilty when we violate these rules. A person may often believe they are trying to motivate themselves with “should” and “shouldn’t”, as if they have to be punished before they can do anything. The emotional consequence is guilt. For example, “I should be the best. I must never be failing the test.”. The third one is labelling. We identify with the shortcomings and assign labels to ourselves or other people. For instance, sometimes we said or thought “I am a loser.”. There are a lot of thinking distortions in our life. I think we should know the happened of the unspoken rules affect our negative emotion and behaviour so we can easy control. The last one is all-or-none thinking. That means things are seen as black and white. There is no gray or middle ground. Things are wonderful or awful, good or bad, perfect or a failure. For example, if I am not perfect then I am a
There is one human emotion that can paralyse us, lead us to lie both to ourselves and others, to take action that we don't like, and to cripple any rational thought processes. It is self perpetuating if allowed to get out of control. Its side effects are either anger, aggressiveness or fear and reclusiveness. Its symptoms are irrational behaviour, lying, anguish, lack of self-esteem, and in extreme cases, thoughts of suicide. It is guilt. In The Fifth Business, by Robertson Davies, guilt is a reoccurring theme throughout the novel and is a major force in one’s life. Davies demonstrates this by having one character feeling guilt while another who does not.
Cognitive theory posits that the way people feel, act, or react to any given situation is not so much the situation itself more than it is “…how they construe a situation” (Beck, 2011, p. 30). The Situation/event is the first level of the cognitive model. The second level of the cognitive model is Automatic thoughts. Automatic thoughts are the thoughts and pictures that are created by emotions and perceptions of a situation “…and are not the result of deliberation or reasoning” (Beck, 2011. p. 31). They are typically accepted as factual and true regardless of evidence to the contrary. These automatic thoughts are usually responsible for one’s emotional, behavioral, and/or physiological Reaction which is the third level of the cognitive model. Five people may listen to the same lecture but experience completely different reactions ranging from excited or anxious to disappointed or disgusted.
Rational choice theorist says that social emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety are feelings or thoughts that prevent us from doing things and giving in to our temptations. These social cues helps us to place boundaries on what is right and what is wrong and what the outcome of negative delinquent behaviors may be. Not everyone has the same idea of what behavior is rational versus
First, some may ask the question “What is guilt?” Easily enough, guilt is the feeling one has after doing something that has a bad consequence. Guilt can easily push a person into doing actions that they didn't even think they were capable of, causing depression or large amounts of anger and sadness (Guilt). Being...
Breaking the rules might seem like a bad thing to do, but breaking the rules the right way is always a good idea. Many people see breaking the rules as getting in trouble and looking like a bully but there are different ways to break the rules and still look cool. The article "Cool People Only Break The Rules -- But Only The Right Rules" explains in many ways that breaking the rules aren’t always a horrible thing. The journalist Elizabeth Winkler has a saying which is being cool isn’t just about breaking rules. It’s about breaking the right rules in the right context (Winkler, 2014). Cool people break the rules just like bad people as long as you do it the right way it’s okay.
People influenced to accept a determinist viewpoint over a free will viewpoint cheated more often than both the control groups and pro-free will groups (Vohs 50, 52). The two studies tested both inactive and active cheating by permitting participants to see answers prior to them answering the questions if they did nothing or to reward themselves with money for their score on the test regardless of whether or not they deserved the amount they took (Vohs 50, 52). In both, those who read a deterministic passage versus a neutral or free will passage took advantage of others more when given the opportunity (Vohs 50, 52). Additional research demonstrated that people influenced by deterministic beliefs felt less or no guilt for their actions when reflecting on past personal events or learning of a death their actions indirectly caused, and noted that they would not change their actions (Stillman 954, 958). In other words, the determinism group exhibited less learning from their mistakes than the control group which claimed they would act differently in the future (Stillman 954, 958). Rigoni and Brass conducted a study looking at
There are many different things that influence our behavior from internal influences to social norms. Social norms are explicit rules that govern how we behave in our society. Social norms influence our behavior more than any of us realize, but we all notice when a norm has been broken. Breaking a social norm is not an easy task and often leads us feeling uncomfortable whether we broke the norm ourselves or witnessed someone else breaking it. Sometimes however, you just have to break a norm to see what happens our professor gave us an assignment that is really easy, but also difficult to do because we have to break a norm in from of people. We had two choices, choice number one, facing people while standing in an elevator, and the other choice
There are some human phenomena, which seem to be the result of individual actions and personal decisions. Yet, these phenomena are often - on closer inspection – as much a result of social factors as of psychological ones.
While people deal with everyday life, a plethora of events is occurring throughout the day. Most people usually do a multitude of actions to resolve these events without thinking as well. This can be anything from trying to get to class as soon as possible, talking to someone that recently was introduced, or doing a kind of tradition at a football game. Cognitive Biases is defined as a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, whereby inferences about other people and situations may be drawn in an illogical fashion. This article will talk about a small sample of these situations and clarify what the meaning behind them. It shall discuss Negativity Bias, Confirmation Bias, Gamblers Fallacy, and Illusion of Control
Freud describes guilt as a feeling originating from either fear of authority or fear of the super-ego, which deviates from one’s foundational ego. Guilt in itself is something that a person feels due to acting in a “bad” way or simply having the intention to do. People are not automatically inclined to believe acting in a certain way is “bad” and, as Freud states, the only reason people develop this sense of guilt is once more the result of an inner “fear of loss of love” (71). Thus, guilt is not an inborn state of emotion; again, it is created as a result of being surrounded by and influenced by other humans. On the other hand, remorse is a feeling that occurs after an individual has acted in a “bad” way. Freud claims that remorse is a term that should be used to describe when someone feels guilty because of and after acting in such a way. The most prominent factor involved with these two emotions is conflict in several different forms such as “conflict due to ambivalence” and “of the eternal struggle between Eros and the instinct of destruction or death” (79). The definitions of guilt and remorse formulated by Freud contribute to the idea that mentality is far more something that is developed by external influences rather than
One particular human emotion can cripple humans mentally and physically. It can cause people to do things they do not want to do. It can lead them to twist the truth and lie not only to themselves, but people around them as well. It is something that they cannot hide. It is more like a disease, however, it is better known as guilt. Along with guilt, comes dishonesty, shamefulness, peculiar behavior, and even suicidal thoughts. Guilt is a recurring theme in both Robertson Davies’ Fifth Business and William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Every individual will experience guilt sometime in their life, but it is how they cope and handle it that defines who they are. Humans must face the feeling of guilt, accept
Theories Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Theories It is a well-known fact that different factors affect on human behavior as well as various aspects of people’s life. Among them the emotions detect a powerful force on humans. Strong emotions may cause people to take actions they might not perform as usual, or obviate situations that they generally enjoy. Psychologists, researchers, and philosophers have proposed a set of different theories that explain how and why people experience the emotions. I have chosen two theories of emotion that I am interested in such as: the James-Lange Theory of Emotion and the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion. This paper describes those theories by comparing and contrasting them; discusses the theory that I agree with and explain the reasons of it.
People have their own judgments of thoughts, behaviors, and feelings. An example of a self-schema could be a person who classifies themselves by certain descriptions such as being liberal, Catholic, an artist, a dog person, intelligent; the list continues on. This is what helps us define ourselves from the group; our self-concepts are what help us create our own identity separate from the society that shapes us. Reading into books nine through eleven in the book of Meditations the author declares, “He who acts unjustly acts unjustly to himself, because he makes himself bad” (book, ?). We can take this to mean like social psychology that individuals have self-schemas and that ultimately only the person(s) themselves can be held accountable for their decisions and not blame others for how they were brought up. Each person can decide how their life turns out if they are, “…moderate, sincere, honest, and calm” (book, ?). We must be willing to take the consequences that come with positive or negative outcomes even if that means we do not get immediate gratification and more so if things do not turn out they way we imagined they would. In this case we must rely on our own imagined presence of others to drive us to be the ‘best’ person ultimately we can become as
Norms are the ways of which commands and expectations are carried out, when someone expresses themself, it goes according to the rules that society sets on what is standard. Norms guide our numerous interactions on an everyday basis, and are what glues society together. They keep social stability; otherwise any person can do what he or she wants without any consequences. Norms give order and standardize the behavior of a society, as well as make up it’s social class, which ranks people together according to how much property, power, and prestige one has. They are tremendously important to a culture because people have a desire to fit in, and social norms allow this appeal to be accomplished, therefore, knowing what is socially acceptable will give people a far better chance at thriving socially and communicating ideas. Social norms are “the unplanned, unexpected result of individuals' interactions” (Bicchieri pg. 2, 2011). This means norms make up are what is considered ordinary in a society based on our everyday actions
Humans perform actions with an intention of achieving some kind of satisfaction that one can refer to as trying attain a feel of happiness. Thus require one to perform an action and for every action there is a reaction, which interns lead to consequences. When consequences are involved