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Which statement best illustrates the james-lange theory of emotion
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Theories Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Theories It is a well-known fact that different factors affect on human behavior as well as various aspects of people’s life. Among them the emotions detect a powerful force on humans. Strong emotions may cause people to take actions they might not perform as usual, or obviate situations that they generally enjoy. Psychologists, researchers, and philosophers have proposed a set of different theories that explain how and why people experience the emotions. I have chosen two theories of emotion that I am interested in such as: the James-Lange Theory of Emotion and the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion. This paper describes those theories by comparing and contrasting them; discusses the theory that I agree with and explain the reasons of it.
Before describing chosen theories, it is necessary to define the notion of “emotion”. Due to the definition that is made by a psychologist Hockenbury, emotion is “a complex psychological state that involves three distinct components: a subjective experience, a physiological response, and an expressive response” (Micallef-Trigona, 2014, n.p.).
psychology, emotion is usually named a complicated state of feeling that makes results in psychological and physical changes with
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The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion is a physiological explanation of emotion that was developed by Walter Cannon and Philip Bard in the 1920s. Cannon-Bard theory affirms that humans feel emotions and experience such physiological reactions as trembling, sweating, and muscle tension at one time. Due to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, people react to a stimulus and experience that is associated emotion at that time (Cherry, b, n.d.). For instance, when a person sees a snake, he/she is afraid and as a result, begins to
What is an emotion? William James and Jean-Paul Sartre present two different arguments regarding what constitutes an emotion. This paper will explore William James' analysis of emotion as set out in his 1884 essay . It will attempt to discover the main points of his view, and then present Sartre's rebuttal of this view taken from his essay on emotions . Concluding with an explanation regarding why Sartre's account is flawed and James's argument is the stronger of the two, it will use outside examples to demonstrate the various weaknesses and strengths within the two perspectives.
Friedman, B. H. Feelings and the body: The Jamesian perspective on autonomic specificity of emotion(2010). Biological Psychology.
This paper will examine Robert C. Solomon's Emotions and Choices article, to best identify what anger is, and to what extent a rational human being is responsible for their anger. Firstly, Solomon's argument must be described. A quick summation of Solomon's argument can be found in the following four points: Emotions are judgements, emotions are chosen, emotions serve a purpose, and emotions are rational.1 To quote Solomon, he explains that “Emotions are not occurrences, and do not happen to us. They ... may be chosen like an action.”2
Watson, J. B. (1920). Conditioned emotional reactions. The American Psychologist, 55(3), 313-317. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/
Due to my understanding of the three theoretical concepts so far – I have solid believes of emotions, therefore I believe the idea of Dualism rather than Monism and Functionalism. There is evidence that Functionalism did not fit into a society quite well. Referred to Jeffery Alexander, associated groups of Americans and Europeans who previously have taken Functionalism towards left wing, there were some criticisms form feminists due to rejections on one gender group (Johnson, 1993, pp.
Plutchik, Robert (1980), Emotion: Theory, research, and experience: Vol. 1. Theories of emotion, 1, New York: Academic
Cultural based explanations posit that emotions are acquired via socialisation and recognise that cultural beliefs play an important role since research has indicated cultural variations amongst individualistic (USA) and collectivists (Japan) cultures. Studies have also focused on recognition rates of emotions and in relation to age.
Only when this element is fleshed out can the individual be comprehended with respect to the collective conscience. One, out of many, possibilities is the often-overlooked influence of emotions. What is the connection between social functions and emotions? Perhaps emotions reify social solidarity by means of a collective conscience. Durkheim posits the notion that society shares a bilateral relationship with emotional experiences, for the emotions of collective effervescence derive from society but also produce and maintain the social construct.
Hamilton, L.W. (2012). The Brain and Our Emotional Future: Foundations of Emotions [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from Soul Beliefs: Causes and Consequences Online Course site: rutgersonline.net.
Emotion is the “feeling” aspect of consciousness that includes physical, behavioral, and subjective (cognitive) elements. Emotion also contains three elements which are physical arousal, a certain behavior that can reveal outer feelings and inner feelings. One key part in the brain, the amygdala which is located within the limbic system on each side of the brain, plays a key role in emotional processing which causes emotions such as fear and pleasure to be involved with the human facial expressions.The common-sense theory of emotion states that an emotion is experienced first, leading to a physical reaction and then to a behavioral reaction.The James-Lange theory states that a stimulus creates a physiological response that then leads to the labeling of the emotion. The Cannon-Bard theory states that the physiological reaction and the emotion both use the thalamus to send sensory information to both the cortex of the brain and the organs of the sympathetic nervous system. The facial feedback hypothesis states that facial expressions provide feedback to the brain about the emotion being expressed on the face, increasing all the emotions. In Schachter and Singer’s cognitive arousal theory, also known as the two-factor theory, states both the physiological arousal and the actual arousal must occur before the emotion itself is experienced, based on cues from the environment. Lastly, in the cognitive-mediational theory
According to Shott, the influence of an individual upon emotion is “critical”, with personal experience influencing the creation, experience, and interpretation of each emotion (Shott, 1979, p. 1320, para. 4; p. 1323, para. 2). In this frame, individual emotional definitions and interpretations are both mediatory processes and formative processes; meaning that they are both influenced by, and influence, physical emotional states, cultural and social norms, and individual beliefs and experiences. As mentioned earlier, Hochschild similarly theorizes that the personal management of an emotion not only alters what is experienced, but directly affects its creation (Hochschild, 2012, p. 27, para. 2). It is of interest to note that contemporary research has shed light on the practice of personal modification and management emotion by showing the management of emotional facial expressions to begin approximately around the age of two years old (Lewis, Sullivan, & Vasen, 1987). This indicates not only that emotion work is learned very early in life, but presents the possibility that after years of practice, specific emotion work may become a habitual response.
One scientist, Damasio, provided an explanation how emotions can be felt in humans biologically. Damasio suggested, “Various brain structures map both the organism and external objects to create what he calls a second order representation. This mapping of the organism and the object most likely occurs in the thalamus and cingulate cortices. A sense of self in the act of knowing is created, and the individual knows “to whom this is happening.” The “seer” and the “seen,” the “thought” and the “thinker” are one in the same.” By mapping the brain scientists can have a better understandi...
Perceiving emotions accurately is the first step to understanding them. In most cases, the ability to decipher body language and non-verbal communication is key. The second step is reasoning with emotions. This requires an individual to use emotions to promote thinking processes and cognitive ability. Our emotions help d...
R. J. Dolan, Emotion, Cognition, and Behavior, Science 8 November 2002: 298 (5596), 1191-1194. [DOI:10.1126/science.1076358]
Have you ever wondered why people have certain reactions? I chose chapter eight on emotions for my reflection paper because emotions are something that everyone has and feels, yet cannot always explain or react to in the way you would expect. Personally, I have never been great at responding to emotions in a way that I would not regret in the future. Thus, naturally being drawn to this chapter as a way to expand my knowledge on how to react to things more positively. I also wanted to learn why I feel a certain way after events that would not affect most people and be reassured about my feelings. Opposite to that, it is nice to see that, while not always productive, others have the same reaction habits. Overall, emotions are a complicated