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Historical perspective on the modern debate regarding the use of torture
Historical perspective on the modern debate regarding the use of torture
Historical perspective on the modern debate regarding the use of torture
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The ongoing debate between torture and enhanced interrogation techniques is, has been and always will be a hot controversial topic. Whether between different political views, cultures, world leaders or the citizens and society in general, the issue will always be of great importance. Some believe the two are the same, while others feel they differ. Either way, the methods and effectiveness are the major points for concern.
Throughout times and with the change of our world leaders, definitions, legislature and methods have all evolved and changed. Definitions often vary between political views and an agreed upon meaning will never be defined. The debate is focused around pain and suffering versus injury as well as effectiveness, which will be discussed more later. As explained perfectly in an article written by Phillip A. Quigley, ”… a new battle emerged at the forefront of American media attention: those who argued for the continued implementation of "enhanced interrogation" versus those who were vehemently opposed to "torture" and who called for its immediate end. The divide was based on political, legal, and ethical grounds, and those involved in the debate were inextricably entrenched in their respective positions. This battle lingers on today even as the GWOT has transitioned into the so-called "Overseas Contingency Operation" and the new presidential administration of President Barrack Obama has taken office. Whether or not these policies will change is yet to be determined, but thus far, the debate has been ripe with academics, lawyers, media commentators, and politicians espousing all form of opinion and recommendation”. More Democratic/Liberal views believe that torture and enhanced interrogation techniques are one in the ...
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...y any means necessary”. This is an individual who was on the front lines of the interrogations, has seen all of them methods and practices and is more than aware of the threat level of the individuals he was in contact with. For him to have this opinion that he does and to express it in the nature that he did through interviews and his book, that is a critical viewpoint that should be better noted throughout history.
Torture vs. enhanced interrogation is, has been, and always will be an extremely complex debate not only throughout our country, but also throughout the world. In a sense, it may be a necessary evil, but an unbiased, accurate decision on the effectiveness behind it will never be reached. Throughout history as times have changed, the before unthinkable crimes have occurred and punishments and methods of justice have evolved and will continue to do so.
Until there is a credible way to determine whether or not torture is in fact effective, I pass judgment that the practice should be discontinued. The question as to if the torture policy is a human rights violation or if it holds crucial necessity, is not answered in the essay. Applebaum explores the reality that torture possesses negative implications on the inflictor. After presented with the compelling stance and evidence, Applebaum raises the interesting question as to why so much of society believes that torture is successful. I agree that the torture policy is wrong, a point emphasized by Applebaum, contrary to the popular attitude surrounding the topic.
In his essay “The Case for Torture,” printed in The Norton Reader 13th Edition, Michael Levin argues that torture is justified and necessary under extreme circumstance. He believes that if a person accepts torture to be justified under extreme cases, then the person automatically accepts torture. Levin presents weak argument and he mostly relies on hypothetical scenarios. There is not concrete evidence that torture solves problems and stop crime but rather the contrary. Under international law, torture is illegal and all the United Nation members have to abide by those rules. The use of torture does not keep people safe, but rather the opposite. Torture has a profound effect on democracy. As the use of torture becomes normal in society, the right of the citizen will suffer greatly.
Ross, Brian and Richard Esposito. “CIA's Harsh Interrogation Techniques Described.” 18 Nov. 2005. Web. 6 Nov. 2013.
In order to assess the morality of torture, one needs to define it. According to the Tokyo Declaration of 1975 torture is “the deliberate, systematic, or wanton infliction of physical or mental suffering by one or more persons acting alone or on the orders of any authority, to force another person to yield information, to make a confession or for any other reason.” This definition’s generality severely limits harmless interrogations by police. The United Nations changed the definition to include severe physical suffering, deliberate intentions, and also added that the action cannot be part of a lawful sanction. The US later revised the definition “to include only the most extreme pain” in 200...
Now, let’s say you do choose to torture this man, not only are the people directly in this situation going to be affected, but also the rest of the nation. We need to ask ourselves, what is going to be the true outcome? This includes thinking about how the enemy is going to react and how the nation is going to react. Torturing this man shames our nation as a whole, scars our repu...
On the opposite side, there are people very much in favor of the use of torture. To them, torture is a “morally defensible” interrogation method (8). The most widely used reason for torture is when many lives are in imminent danger. This means that any forms of causing harm are acceptable. This may seem reasonable, as you sacrifice one life to save way more, but it’s demoralizing. The arguments that justify torture usually are way too extreme to happen in the real world. The golden rule also plays a big rol...
Enhanced Interrogation Techniques, were used in previous administrations. The techniques were considered at the very least to be cruel and inhuman. Among these are attention strikes and stress positions. The techniques violate human rights as well as detainee rights. There are few serious arguments for the retention of enhanced interrogation. The most compelling is the "ticking time bomb theory." This theory is in fact based on logical fallacy. An executive order has banned the use of enhanced interrogation. It is the position of this summary that the current ban remain in effect.
The issue of torture is nothing new. It was done in the past and it’s done now in the 21st century. Without saying one side is right and the other side is wrong, let us discuss the part that we agree on and find common ground. We as Americans want to protect Americans from harms. So how do we prevent that from happening without torturing? It is impossible to get answer without some sort of questioning and intimidation techniques, since we know captured prisoners during war are not easily going to give up information. We know the enemy we face doesn’t follow the Geneva Convention or any law that pertains to war, so does that mean we shouldn’t also follow the Geneva Convention also, which prohibits torture? Of course not, because we want to be example for the world. Republicans argue that we have to do whatever is necessary to keep Americans safe, and Democrats argue it goes against our values and makes us look bad. We as Americans, as leader of the free world we
One of the groups argued that torture is sometimes okay while the other group argued that under no circumstances is torture allowed. In my opinion, the group that is against torture won the debate because they had more good points than the other group did. The group that was against torture argued that torture affects innocent people and ruins people’s lives. The group that is says sometimes torture is okay said that torture is helpful when getting information from suspected terrorists. There is also always a reason for doing it. The government gets background information about these suspects before even thinking about using “enhanced interrogation” techniques on them. It helps them find about key information because there is no other way to get information from them. The no torture group fights back saying that you don’t want to stoop down to their level and that you do not necessarily know if they are terrorists. If you keep getting the wrong people, you will just keep going in circles. You could even accidently kill the person while waterboarding them and there is no justification for killing someone you don’t know. The torture that is okay with torture clarified that torture is only okay under certain circumstances because there is no other way to get information from them. If you just kept them in a prison, they would wait their whole life before giving up any information. Then, the no torture group
Eduardo Galeano once said, “The purpose of torture is not getting information. It’s spreading fear” (BrainyQuote). Torture is used when individuals are forced to answer questions through various kinds of abuse. Torture happens due to the government and the belief that torture is a benefit because it saves innocent lives. Torture is wrong and should not be legalized as a means of interrogating terrorists because it causes physical and psychological damage and it produces false information.
Slaves were not just abused, and tortured in the most horrific ways possible, but they were thought to be the lowest of mankind. Slaves were constantly reminded that their race was not pure, and that they were good at nothing besides labor work. Mental torture was just as bad as physical torture, it made the slave feel worthless to the world. According to S. Plous and Tyron Williams from Wesleyan University they claim “In the 18th and 19th centuries, many prominent whites in Europe and the U.S. regarded black people as mentally inferior, physically and culturally unevolved, and apelike in appearance” This comes to show that
Pain. This is the one thing that we all do our best to avoid from having to suffer. However, in our misguided way, we still use torture as a means of getting answers. Torture is unacceptable, immoral, and all human beings have rights, and there are other modern ways of punishment and ways to get information from people. Many experts find torture unnecessary and claim that it is not an effective way to get reliable information anymore. Despite the horrible effects torture can have on the victim we forget the effects it has on the person forced to act out the torture.
Around the world and around the clock, human rights violations seem to never cease. In particular, torture violations are still rampant all over the world. One regime, the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, establishes a strong elaboration of norms against torture. Despite its efforts, many countries still outright reject its policies against torture while other countries openly accept them, but surreptitiously still violate them. The US, Israel, and Saudi Arabia all have failed to end torture despite accepting the provisions of the Convention.
Torture has been used for thousands of years for many purposes, to either obtain information, seek revenge, or simply punishment. The definition of torture is, “hurting or causing someone extreme pain either physically or mentally” (Stolley, “Defining torture”). Torture is never acceptable, if we are so complex and so smart then why do we have to resort to torture? People see torture as many different things but in the end it still comes down to the same meaning of hurting or corrupting someone or something.
The other objecting argument is do the ends justify the means? What if even through torture no useful information is gained, or worse yet what if the individual tortured was innocent. These are reasonable arguments on the surface, they cannot solely justify the complete prohibition of torture. I in no way am saying that torture should be a legalized or unregulated common place method for extracting information; however as Michael Walzer’s utilitarian argument suggests, if torture isn’t prohibited the moral ramifications could be unfathomable, although as a last resort and in the interest of preventing a catastrophic event the usual prohibitions surrounding torture should be overridden (Walzer 1973). For example torturing a person for information related to a misdemeanor crime would not be justifiable.