Practical Aspects
As mentioned before, the NEO PI-R is a test that was created to test normal personality and the multiple factors that contribute to its completion (Costa & McCrae, 1992). The testing materials are of great quality, hints the high prices, which are inclusive of the test booklets, answer sheets (Form S & Form R), scoring sheets, and summary feedback forms (Piedmont, 2001). The pricing for the NEO PI-R is set separately based on which of the necessary items are needed to be purchased individually ranging from $15.00-$25.00 (Piedmont, 2001). These prices are usually within this range if test items are order in multiple numbers (Piedmont, 2001). There is the option of buying the bulk order of all testing materials that is available for about $79.00 (Piedmont, 2001). The pricier item is the NEO Software System at a set price of $495.00 that is available for unlimited use (Piedmont, 2001). This option would be ideal for a professional that tests for personality diagnosis on a regular basis. In regards to replacing the NEO PI-R and its cost, one would simply have to reorder what items they need specifically because there is no other way to replace the test tool (Piedmont, 2001). One thing to be aware of however is that items that are reusable can only be purchased in bulk (Piedmont, 2001).
Timing for the NEO PI-R is reasonable. The full test version of 240 items takes 30-40 minutes to administer containing 6 subordinate facets of each personality factor (Costa & McCrae, 1992). The shorter version of 60 items takes half the time of the full version consisting of only 12 items per domain (Costa & McCrae, 1992). The training for practitioners that administrate this test is equivalent of the purchaser with a qualification ...
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Self-report has always been one the easiest ways to gain insight of a person’s personality. These test can range from quizzes filled out online that tell you which pop star is your personality twin to standardized tests requiring a certified test user. Some of the most popular and highly researched tests have been the MMPI and its successors. The MMPI, created by Stark R. Hathaway and John Charneley McKinley, was the first step towards the MMPI-2-RF. The MMPI was firstly created to test individuals who were 14 years old and older. Throughout the years, the MMPI has through a lot of changes, evolving into three tests used today: MMPI-2, MMPI-A, and MMPI-2-RF (Cohen & Swerdlik, 2013).
The MACI consists of a 160-item inventory, provided in the English and Spanish language, with a combination of the 27 subscales. The intention of the inventory is to provide counselors and other healthcare or school professional with information to assist in diagnosis and treatment planning for personality disorders in adolescent (Millon & Davis, 1993). The inventory consists of true or false questions; given that this inventory is shorter compared to other personality assessment, it only takes about 20-30 minutes to complete. Millon’s MACI inventory provides convenient and cost-effective methods for scoring the inventory, which include Q-global web-based scoring, Q-Local software-based scoring, and mail-in scoring. Since the MACI is tailored toward adolescents ranging in ages from 13-19, participants must have a minimum of a sixth grade reading level in order to
While taking this test and reading about the information that was provided I was not really surprised about what information was given about my personality. I am 95% of what this test says I am. This exercise helps very little because I arty new 95% of the information is going to give me, it is a good tool to give you that support he would need if you are doubting yourself.
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From a methodological perspective, this model presents a serious threat to the reliability and validity of personality assessments. The potential influence of psychopathology on personality assessments would preclude the consistency (i.e., reliability) of those measures. A clinical implication is that assessments completed at hospitalization intake are likely impacted by psychopathology; results must then be interpreted with caution. However, if assessments should be administered at the end of treatment to get a more accurate depiction of personality after the disorder has (hopefully) remitted, clinicians are left with less initial information about the patient. This will create problems for treatment planning, particularly with regard to whether a personality disorder or Axis I disorder should be
A model developed for using factor analysis to try to determine the key traits in human personality. Although trait theories were well established by the 1960s, there was no consensus concerning the number or nature of the traits that make up personality. Since then, further research has confirmed a basic five factor model of personality or ‘Big Five’ (Tomas 2007). This five factor structure has been replicated by Norma (1963), Borgatta (1964) and Digman and Takemoto-Chock (1981) in list derived from Cattle’s 35 variables (Lawrence &Oliver 2000).
Utility of assessment. Why are these types of personality assessments useful? Did you find the results useful? Why or why not?
The Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) is a widely used personality inventory. It has sixty questions using a Likert scale that measures five personality traits: OCEAN – openness (to experience,), conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. My overall results from the NEO-FFI were low in neuroticism, low in extraversion, high in openness, average in agreeableness, and high in conscientiousness. Likewise, my results were fairly consistent with what I had originally perceived my scores to be. Overall, I do agree with my results since there were many consistencies I recognized. Yet, at the same time, my behavior could fall into both categories of high and low compared to the norms. Additionally,
Matthews, G., Deary, I. J., & Whiteman, M. C. (2009). Personality traits. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Morasco, B. J., Gfeller, J. D., & Elder, K. A. (2007). The Utility of the NEO–PI–R Validity Scales to Detect Response Distortion: A Comparison With the MMPI–2. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88(3), 227-281. doi:10.1080/00223890701293924
Friedman, H. S., & Schustack, M. W. (2012). Personality: Classic theories and modern research (5th ed). Boston , MA, USA: Pearson
The Five-Factor Model of Personality is a system used in order to describe an individual’s personality traits. By requiring said individual to answer a series of questions, this test is able to decipher the traits that are most likely evident within their life. The Five-Factor Model of Personality test gives the test subject a series of situational options. Using the subject’s responses, psychologist match the answers to the personality in which best relates. A highly accurate description of ones’ personality can be easily configured by using the Five-Factor Model of Personality by testing either high or low in the following areas; openness to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
While there are various tests that may correlate with personality functioning, the Rorschach addresses personality functioning, and also allows the clinician to observe the client’s behavior, feelings, and thoughts while they engage in the assessment process (Gacono, Evans & Viglione, 2002). The Rorschach is a beneficial tool in various settings such as: the work place, military settings, judicial settings, and clinical settings. The Rorschach is an assessment tool that allows for specificity in the data that are gathered related to personality patterns and reduces impression management. Though the Rorschach has its weaknesses, it appears to have strengths that allow it to continue as a beneficial measure for psychological