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Summary of the National Response Framework
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The National Response Plan
The National Response Framework is a guide designed to assist local, State, and Federal governments in developing functional capabilities and identifying resources based on hazard identification and risk assessment. It outlines the operating structure and identifies key roles and responsibilities. It established a framework to identify capabilities based on resources and the current situation no matter the size or scale. It integrates organizational structures and standardizes how the Nation at all levels plans to react to incidents. The suspected terrorist attack will have health, economic, social, environment and political long-term effects for my community. This is why it is essential that local government’s response is coordinate with all responders. Response doctrine is comprised of five key principles: (1) engaged partnership, (2) tiered response, (3) scalable, flexible, and adaptable operational capabilities, (4) unity of effort through unified command, and (5) readiness to act. An introductory word about each follows. (Homeland Security, 2008)
The National response plan outlines four key actions the disaster coordinator should take. They are gaining and maintaining situational awareness, activate and deploy key resources and capabilities, coordinating response actions and demobilizing. Throughout the response it is essential that responders have access to critical information. During the initial response effort the situation is will change rapidly. Situational awareness starts at the incident site. For this reason it is essential that decision makers have access to the right information at the right time. By establishing an Emergency Operations Center (EOC) all key responders are brought ...
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...the safe return of responders and resources to their home station.
The recovery process starts as the initial response effort slows down. Recovery actions are taken to help the public and city to return to normal everyday life. The recovery process requires a contribution from everyone. In the short term, recovery is an extension of the response phase in which basic services and functions are restored. In the long term, recovery is a restoration of both the personal lives of individuals and the livelihood of the community. (Homeland Security, 2008)
Works Cited
Homeland Security. (2008, 12). National Incident Management System. Retrieved 10 22, 2011, from FEMA: http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nims/NIMS_core.pdf
Homeland Security. (2008, 01). national response Framework. Retrieved 10 21, 2011, from FEMA: http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-core.pdf
Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 directly relates to the National Incident Management System and the National Response Framework. In fact, it directly correlates with their missions. HSPD-5 was the directive that needed to start things in motion; NIMS and the NRF are the aftermath of the directive. With the formation of NIMS and soon after the NRF, America can operate successfully under one national manage...
2) Maintain critical infrastructure centers (telegraph, bridges, hospitals) that provide a situational awareness capability, actionable information about emerging trends, imminent threats, and the status of any incidents that involve
...r Recovery has become increasingly important and has gained momentum due to the occurrence of rapid and disastrous events worldwide. This literature review presents varied perspectives and definitions on components of the recovery process.
Both man-made and natural disasters are often devastating, resource draining and disruptive. Having a basic plan ready for these types of disaster events is key to the success of executing and implementing, as well as assessing the aftermath. There are many different ways to create an emergency operations plan (EOP) to encompass a natural and/or man-made disaster, including following the six stage planning process, collection of information, and identification of threats and hazards. The most important aspect of the US emergency management system in preparing for, mitigating, and responding to man-made and natural disasters is the creation, implementation and assessment of a community’s EOP.
The goal of 2011 of the National Preparedness Goal, and a month later by the National Preparedness System (NPS). ‘Prepare’, or ‘preparedness’ is a key term here, as is ‘risk’. In order to properly examine the National Preparedness System these terms… (2011 National Preparedness Goal). The National Preparedness Goal can only work in risk management planning with prudency coupled with dispensation of resources at the local levels. Depending on the budgetary issues the financial appropriation might not be enough to sustain a carefully planned risk management. The forefront for the local authorities to mitigate against risk is funding. Of the pro at the community level are the loyalties of its employees of the local government and local community, and on hand resources that amplifies its footprint with the community in making sure that there is an uninterrupted continuation of life. The local government can device a well thought out plan to activate most of its resources when the alarms are sounded of a pending
NIMS provides a uniform nationwide basis and way for federal, state, tribal, and local governments, along with the public to work on preparedness, recovery, response and mitigation no matter what causes an event. With all organizations using the same application, effective and efficient responses are possible. Organizations will be able to arrive on the scene and be ready to assist and understand exactly what each group is doing and why. Protocols are set and it is known what equipment and personnel are available. With NIMS all groups are able to integrate und...
...clearly communicate with one another in the periods before, during and after the storm combined with confusing organizational jurisdictions and bad policy severely hindered the federal government’s response to Katrina. In order to prevent a repeat of those mistakes, the federal government needs to put into place new procedures for disaster response and recovery. These procedures must be clear and concise with minimal bureaucracy so that response time will be maximized and leaders will know exactly what authority they have. Federal, state and local governments need to increase preparation and prevention measures while gaining a better understanding of the relationship between physical geography and city planning. This combined with improvements in resource management and communication, will go to show that the government has truly learned from the lessons of Katrina.
Local, State and Federal government have unique roles which would allow the flow of communication and resources to transition smoothly during each stage of progression. The local and state level (first responders) are the most important source as they can assess, coordinate and notify the next available resources of what is needed. State and local governments are the front runners of planning for and managing the consequences of a terrorist incident using available resources in the critical hours before Federal assistance can arrive (Managing the Emergency Consequences of Terrorist Incidents, July 2002). A Terrorist Incident Appendix (TIA) was designed to mirror an Emergency Operations Plan in relations to terrorist incidents. The TIA consists of six phases: Initiation, Concept Development, Plan Development, Plan Review Development of supporting plans, procedures and materials and Validation of plans using tabletop, functional, and full scale exercises. The TIA should be compared to those plans of existing Emergency Operation Plans (EOP) in place at the local and state level. Comparing plans before and incident allows time for comparison and revision of the various functions which will prevent disconnects to ensure coordination and
The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) serves as an effective and efficient facility for coordinating emergency response efforts. An EOC may serve in a number of uses including operations, training, meetings but its primary use is for the coordination of emergency response. An EOC is the physical location where an organization comes together during an emergency. The Emergency Operations Center may alternately be called the command center, the situation room, war room, the crisis management center, or another similar term. Regardless of the term, this is where the coordination of information and resources takes place. The EOC is not an incident command post; rather, it is the operations center where coordination and management decisions are facilitated (Eastern Michigan University, 2010). A fully capable emergency operations facility is an essential element of a comprehensive emergency management system and a necessity to ensure continuity of operations at Clemson
Likewise, the IC needs an assist from group/division supervisors to become his/her eyes and ears in areas out of commands line of sight. Further, the information relayed back to command by the group/division supervisors will aid in making more informed decisions and expedite resource placement to quicken the mitigation process. Every disaster comes with challenges, no matter what the situation the key is to be ready for anything. Accordingly, fall back on pre-planning, always show poise, do not be overwhelmed by the moment. Further, rely on branch supervisors and delegate responsibility and decision making to those managers. “The Incident Commander assumes a high level of responsibility due to the need to protect lives and property while ensuring the safety of…as they attempt to accomplish their task.” (Smith
In other words, after conducting risk assessment and communicating with various stakeholders, it is important to follow through with the plans while carrying communication and flexibility throughout. The lack of such response preparation can be seen post Maria and Katrina, while P&G and Walmart had stronger preparation that helped them be successful. In the case of Maria, for example, the issue of 10,000 shipping containers worth of supplies stuck at the San Juan port was exacerbated by people’s unwillingness to take action. Since there was no previous preparation or communication when the issue formed, people pointed fingers and waited for the next person to make the decisions rather than troubleshooting themselves. This can be seen on an even wider scale within Katrina.
Mitigation and resiliency measures make it possible for key infrastructures, economic activities, and other parts of society to rapidly bounce back and designed to reduce the impact of a damaging event when one occurs. Mitigation and resiliency measures buy a lower, but more certain, payoff, whereas traditional prevention measures buy a chance of preventing all damage from individual attacks by stopping them completely. An advantage of educating the public about resiliency planning against terrorist attacks. would consists of defining the actions and security measures we have in place that allow the State and communities to resist, control, or minimize a terroristic attack.
Looking at the threat of global terrorism from a local perspective and how to best prepare for a sudden attack can be a daunting and complex task fret with challenges. In the face of the international terrorism threat, first responders are the guardians of the public and must be prepared to react at a moment’s notice. They manage many risks when attempting to counter or respond to threats in their communities. First responders risk not only the safety, but the social integrity of their communities with every decision they make in the fight against terrorism. In order to effectively counter or respond to an international terrorist event on US soil, first responders must make decisions which risk community cohesion and the proper allocation of
Disaster Recovery Planning is the critical factor that can prevent headaches or nightmares experienced by an organization in times of disaster. Having a disaster recovery plan marks the difference between organizations that can successfully manage crises with minimal cost, effort and with maximum speed, and those organizations that cannot. By having back-up plans, not only for equipment and network recovery, but also detailed disaster recovery plans that precisely outline what steps each person involved in recovery efforts should undertake, an organization can improve their recovery time and minimize the disrupted time for their normal business functions. Thus it is essential that disaster recovery plans are carefully laid out and carefully updated regularly. Part of the plan should include a system where regular training occurs for network engineers and managers. In the disaster recovery process extra attention should also be paid to training any new employees who will have a critical role in this function. Also, the plan should require having the appropriate people actually practice what they would do to help recover business function should a disaster occur. Some organizations find it helpful to do this on a quarterly or semi-annual basis so that the plan stays current with the organization’s needs.
Stephens, K. (2010), How can the emergency management community use technology to improve resilience?. Retrieved from http://idisaster.wordpress.com/2010/09/23/how-can-we-use-technology-to-improve-community-resilience/