There’s a lot more to the Red Sea than familiar biblical accounts. It has a unique topography with incredible biodiversity and is home to many endangered species. The Red Sea, located at 22.0000° N, 38.0000° E, is a marginal sea of the Indian Ocean, and lies between Africa and Asia. It’s divided into three zones: the Red Sea proper, the Gulf of Aqaba and the Gulf of Suez, the latter two of which are located in the north. The Red Sea proper is bordered by six countries: the Western shore border is Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea, and Djibouti. On the Eastern shore is Saudi Arabia and Yemen. (Kalmar n.p., “Red Sea” 101)
Data of Red Sea currents is lacking today because the currents are too weak and vary too much to be recorded, both spatially and temporally. In addition to other winds, monsoonal and mountain gap winds influence its currents. For four months out of the year, Northwest winds send surface water south at 7 inches per second. In winter, the flow is reversed which creates flooding from the Gulf of Aden into the Red Sea. (Ralston 1, 2)
The average water temperature in the north is a comfortable 79°F, and is slightly warmer in the south at 86°F. This calculates to an average temperature of approximately 72 °F. Even through the winter months the water temperature is relatively stable dropping by only 3.6 °F. (“Red Sea” 102)
The majority of the Red Sea lies within a rift valley separating the African and Arabian plates. (McKenzie 1) The Red Sea is 2,100km long. In the North it is 180 km wide extending to 350 km in the south and narrowing again to 28km where it joins the Indian Ocean. It has an average depth of 490 m, so deep it is considered too dangerous for divers. (Kalmar n.p., Ralston 1 - 2) There are a number of volcanic islands that rise from the center of the sea. Most are dormant. However in the last seven years there has been two eruptions resulting in steam plumes and discolored water. (Israel 1)
The Red Sea has one of the highest salinity levels in the world, with an average salinity of 40%, though the salinity level varies across the sea. For example, in the south the salinity is 36%, while in the north it is 41%. The abnormal salinity concentration is caused by high evaporation, lack of significant tributaries and limited connection with the Indian Ocean, which has lower water salinity.
Fundy tides and the currents of the St John River which flow out of the main
This poem captures the immigrant experience between the two worlds, leaving the homeland and towards the new world. The poet has deliberately structured the poem in five sections each with a number of stanzas to divide the different stages of the physical voyage. Section one describes the refugees, two briefly deals with their reason for the exodus, three emphasises their former oppression, fourth section is about the healing effect of the voyage and the concluding section deals with the awakening of hope. This restructuring allows the poet to focus on the emotional and physical impact of the journey.
The climate ancient Egypt is very hot and dry making it very hard for people to get water and grow their crops. So many people went to go live near the Nile River so they can get water and grow their crops The Nile River flows north into the Mediterranean Sea.
Another major factor influencing the medieval view of the ocean is the ideology of the Desert Fathers. The desert fathers were holy men that lived in the near east, who became disillusioned with the materialistic culture of the time and wandered out into the desert as hermits. They were seen as heroes in their time and were revered as wise men. They were sought out by people wanting guidance and gradually became famous for their way of life. They went out to the desert for solit...
The Salton Basin , a below-sea-level depression which extends on the north from Palm Springs , California, to the Gulf of California , in the south. The Salton Sea has undergone historic cycles of filling with water and later drying up. The most recent predecessor to the Sea, that being Lake Cahuilla , last filled this area between 300 to 500 years ago and at one time had a surface elevation above sea level. In 1905 the flooding of the Colorado River was accidentally diverted into the Salton though and thus the Salton Sea was born. When the Colorado River floods retreated in 1907, the surface elevation of the Salton Sea slowly began to drop until the 1930�s when agricultural drainage from the Imperial and Coachella Valleys sustained its level. Soon after , this Sea was turned into a state recreation area, wildlife refuge and a sport fishery. To this day, agricultural drainage and run-off is the major source of water inflow to the Salton Sea.
The word “Nile”, originally hieroglyphs and translated to English, means “river”. The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It has two main parts, the White Nile ( Upper Egypt ) in Sudan and the Blue Nile ( Lower Egypt ) in the Ethiopian Highlands. The Nile River is 4,160 miles (6694.871 kilometers) long and meets with the Mediterranean Sea. In Egypt alone, the Nile River is 660 miles (1062.17 kilometers ) long, moving through Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. About ninety-six percent of Egypt is blazing hot desert called “ Red Land ” and the remaining four percent is rich, fertile soil called “ Black Land ” because of annual floods that occur over the local farmers’ soil.
Surface current are found in the upper four hundred meters (400m) and makes up about ten percent (10%) of ocean (Briney, n.d.). Surface ocean currents are as a result of friction between the water and atmosphere interface. The wind exerts a force or stress to the ocean surface and causes the water to move. The winds that most affect the oceans’ currents are the Westerlies which produce belts of ocean currents that flow east in the mid-latitude and the Trade winds which generate currents that flow to the west in tropical latitudes. These winds are mainly a result of warm air from the tropics moving towards the poles. The direction of the current is not the same as the direction of the wind but it is deflected at a forty five degree angle. This deflection is resulted from the earth’s rotation on its axis called the Coriolis force/ effect. Coriolis force and constrains by continental land masses cause surface currents to develop into an alm...
Sharks are known as one of the most fearsome creatures that end innocent peoples' lives with no mercy, however, there is a large amount of information that civilians do not know about them. This year alone, sharks killed a total of twelve humans worldwide. On the contrary, this is compared to a killer amount of "100 million sharks that were killed this year by the actions of humans" ("Shark Finning"). In addition to these startling numbers, the killing of sharks actually damage our ecosystem just because of this known persona that all sharks are wicked and not help in any way towards the environment. There are quite a lot of positive factors and interesting facts about sharks that make them appealing towards learning more about these majestic creatures. Overall, it is important to feature interesting facts about sharks because of how society displays a stereotypical flaunt of sharks, yet there are respectably well factors of sharks and their input in the dark sea.
At 427 meters (1,729 feet) below sea level, the Dead Sea is the lowest point on earth. Being 34.2 percent salinity, 9.6 times saltier than the average ocean, the Dead Sea is also one of the saltiest bodies of water on earth. The Dead Sea has a density of 1.24 making it easy to float. These circumstances make it impossible for animals to flourish. The Dead Sea is fifty kilometers long by fifteen kilometers wide and 306 meters deep (Dead Sea Wonder). The sea borders Jordan to the east, and Israel and Palestine to the west. The sea’s main water source is the Jordan River, and that is where the trouble begins.
Stretching out at an estimated 4,258 miles long, the Nile is the longest river of northeast Africa, and arguably, the longest river in the world. The Nile River has two main tributaries, the White Nile, and the Blue Nile. The White Nile begins just south of the equator, and flows northward through Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and South Sudan. The Blue Nile begins in Ethiopia, at Lake Tana, and flows into South East Sudan. The two tributary rivers meet near Khartoum, the capital of Sudan. From here the Nile continues flowing north towards Cairo, where it separates into the Nile delta, and empties into the Mediterranean Sea. Lake Victoria, the source of the White Nile, and the Nile delta’s mouth on the Mediterranean Sea, lie within one
Water resources are poor and are restricted to torrent storms which occur randomly in place and time. Rainfall percolates through the gravel and sand deposits of stream (wadi) beds forming local underground reservoirs (Abu Al-Izz 1971). Water shortage, topography and poor soil conditions are the main limitations to sustain traditional agriculture, however, drought resistant vegetation or typical desert plants (Xerophytes) are observed scattered along the coastal strip and in valleys. The Eastern Desert of Egypt has harsh living conditions due to prevailing hot and dry climate. Administratively, this desert is named the Red Sea Governor...
Ocean water is often referred to as salt water. Ocean water becomes salty as water flows in rivers, it picks up small amount of mineral salts form rocks and soil of the riverbeds. This very-slightly salty water flows into the oceans. The water in the oceans only leaves by evaporating, but the salt remains dissolved in the ocean, it does not evaporate. So the remaining water gets saltier and saltier as time goes on.
The Nile is the longest river in the world which is located in Africa. It spans itself from Lake Victoria in east central Africa to Egypt. It flows generally north through Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea, for an approximate distance of 5,584 km From its remotest headstream, the Luvironza River in Burundi, the river is 6,695 km long. The river basin has an area of about 3,350,000 sq km. Its average discharge is 3.1 million litres per second. The lower course of the river in Egypt has become centrally important to tourism, linking as it does to all the major sites of Ancient Egypt.
In the Coastal region, sea levels continue to drastically rise, increasing the risk of people living in coastal cities. Because of the temperature rise and warmer waters, there is a seasonal decline of oxygen in the coastal ecosystems that will continue to increase. High temperatures and high acidification of the ocean will affect coral reefs. And, fluctuating ocean currents will affect coastal ecosystems and ways of life.