River nile

The Nile is the longest river in the world which is located in Africa. It spans itself from Lake Victoria in east central Africa to Egypt. It flows generally north through Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea, for an approximate distance of 5,584 km From its remotest headstream, the Luvironza River in Burundi, the river is 6,695 km long. The river basin has an area of about 3,350,000 sq km. Its average discharge is 3.1 million litres per second. The lower course of the river in Egypt has become centrally important to tourism, linking as it does to all the major sites of Ancient Egypt.

The source of the Nile is from the The source of the Nile was a mystery for centuries. An explorer named Ptolemy was sure that the source was the so called “Mountains of the Moon” and the search for the source was begun and had attracted lots of attention in the 18th and 19th century. Many explorers tried to find the source but they only found different rivers and lakes. It was then found that the primary source was from the snowcapped mountains which slowly melted and water was pouring down into a barren ground and on that day Lake Victoria was born. Lake Victoria got filled up after a 1000 years and started to flow north through Uganda and Egypt and finally out into the Mediterranean Sea. Lake Victoria was also met by the White and Blue Nile and soon it became a delta flowing to vast areas. The Nile has also got another source which are the heavy rainfalls which flood the Nile each summer while the river reaches its lowest volumes between January and May. The Nile flows through a lot of terrains as it is so long. It flows through a couple of rainforest and one desert, which is the Sahara desert(The largest desert in the world). Lake Victoria is the secondary source of the Nile.

History of Human activities

The first great African civilization developed in the northern Nile Valley in about 5000 BC. Dependent on agriculture, this state, called Egypt, relied on the flooding of the Nile for irrigation and new soils. It dominated vast areas of northeastern Africa for millennia. Ruled by Egypt for about 1800 years, the Kush region of northern Sudan subjugated Egypt in the 8th century BC. Pyramids, temples, and other monuments of these civilizations blanket the river valley in Egypt and northern Sudan.