The Level Of Self-Esteem: Resilience In Psychology

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Self-Esteem. Self-esteem is the way individual perceives, symbolized and accept ourselves as worth beings in this world (Oregon Resiliency Project, 2003). Everyone must have the self-esteem in order to perform in the daily routine but the differences are the level of self-esteem inside individuals. The level of self-esteem will reflect how individual performs in a daily task and life. Self-esteem is popular among the psychology field of research and still being study by many researchers. Throughout of human life span, highs self-esteem promotes the development of human potential entirely (Habibollah et al., 2009). The self-esteem development starts since we were young. According to Fatimah and Tam (2009) a children starts to value or to make …show more content…

Sociometer Theory acts as an internal gauge that moderate human behaviour to ensure prohibiting from the social group is unlikely to occur based on the role and function of self-esteem (Leary & Downs, 1995). According to Leary and Downs (1995), self-esteem is a mechanism for individuals to assess their behaviour and current standing in their social group. Leary and Downs (1995) also suggested that sosiometer works as internal system for examining an individual’s environment for cues either he or she is being ignored or avoided. Several researchers also stated that Sociometer Theory proposed that self-esteem acts as a barometer of individual’s perceived past, present and future relational value (Leary & Baumeister, 2000). Then Kirkpatrick and Ellis (2003), explained that self-esteem has separate functions and domain to monitor the various types of social interactions. It showed that human has more than one internal sociometer that acts to ensure individual’s acceptance from their social group. A research by Athony et al., (2007), adopted Sociometer Theory had found that individual with low self-esteem tends to show less confident in relation to be accepted with novel social group. In contrast, a person with high self-esteem does not fear being rejected by the social …show more content…

Morris Rosenberg is a well-known contributor in the field of self-esteem in social psychology. He had proposed Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) which consist of 10 items related to self-esteem and a study known as Society and the Adolescent Self-Esteem was invented by Rosenberg in 1965 (Flynn, 2003). This study brings a wide opportunity to researchers in order to improve the relation between his self-esteem theory and the RSES (Flynn, 2003). Rosenberg theory stands on two main factors, which is the reflected appraisals and social comparisons (Flynn, 2003). According to Rosenberg (1965), the social comparisons emphasizes on the result of social comparisons and evaluations that occurs among the community of

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