The Importance Of Pulse Oximetry

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Pulse Oximeter
Ashwin Muthu (15251057)
Medical Instrumentation EE611[A]
Department of Electronics Engineering
NUI, Maynooth

Abstract— This paper explains us the importance and the working of the pulse oximeter. Since oxygen is the most important thing in the human body the paper explains how the body works with the intake of oxygen and what happens when there is a reduction of oxygen in a human body. The main objective of this paper is to understand the importance of oxygen for the human body and also the importance of a great invention called pulse oximeter. The paper describes why was the pulse oximeter needed and how was it invented. It will also show you how the pulse oximeter functions along with the recent developments and …show more content…

Signal extraction technology:
Signal extraction theory is the most important part in pulse oximetry.
Even while designing the oximeter the signal extraction was the most challenging part.
In the conventional pulse oximetry we have 2 LED lights, Red and Infrared both having wavelengths of 660nm and 940nm respectively.
At these wavelengths absorption of lights may change between blood with more oxygen and blood with scarce oxygen. It is known that oxygenated blood absorbs more of the infrared light and lets the red light to pass through easily while deoxygenated blood allows infrared light to pass through it and absorbs the red light.
This can also be seen in the above diagram of absorption of HbO2.

The conventional pulse oximeter assumes blood is only pulsating at the measurement site, However when a patient moves, His non-arterial or venous blood also starts flowing creating a noise and the pulse oximeter gives out low value which are not accurate.

In 1989 a California based company called Masimo invented a revolutionary was of measuring the accurate value of oxygen in the …show more content…

ADVANCEMENT
In the recent years there have multiple advancement in the field of pulse oximeter. As new and innovative ways with better design and improved accuracy are being invented.
Some of the recent advancements are given below.
A. Pulse oximetry using bluetooth and wifi.
Pulse oximetry is attached with a low cost alerting mobile device so that patient can always wear the oximeter and if the level of oxygen does go low in the patient the doctor will be alerted through the Wi-Fi or Bluetooth interfaces. The above block diagram shows a pulse oximetry handled by Wi-Fi or Bluetooth
V. CONCLUSION
From the invention of the pulse oximetry to the date we exists the oximeter has become one of the most fundamental medical devices in the human history.
The invention of new pulse oximetry just shows us the improvements that can be made still. Oximeter is a small, inexpensive, portable medical device which saves people’s lives. The best part is you can build an oximeter sitting at home making it a very humble but important device.
People say that you can’t live without love I think oxygen is more important.

REFERENCES

[1] "Stimulating Student Learning with a Novel “In-House” Pulse Oximeter Design"--Jianchu Yao, M.S. and Steve Warren, Ph.D.Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Kansas State

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