“…Content knowledge refers to the body of information that teachers teach and students are expected to learn in a given subject….Content knowledge generally refers to the facts, concepts, theories, and principles that are taught and learned…” (edglossary, August, 2013). In contrast, transfer refers to “the ability to learn in one situation and then to use that learning…in other situations where it is appropriate” (Hunter, 1971, p. 2). Moreover, both content knowledge and teaching for transfer are vital aspects in the learning process; especially when it comes to EL (English Learner) students. Thus, teaching core concepts to apply new skills becomes the ultimate goal for instructors.
Content Knowledge Each year students must learn new concepts
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Instead, EL students benefit in learning new content knowledge when an instructor methodically produces a lesson with a systematic I do you do approach; while purposely adding visuals whenever possible. Modeling content knowledge can be accomplished when the instructor writes the objective or provides an outline of what the lesson entails in student friendly vocabulary for each lesson where students can visually see. Next, the instructor should discuss what the end goal of the lesson is through hand gestures and changing the speed and tone of the voice to elaborate key concepts. Additionally, teachers should provide visual vocabulary whenever possible. Playing videos, word walls, or showing pictures of key vocabulary in a lesson will help students who struggle with differences in language grasp what is being asked of them more clearly. Lastly, instructor should show examples of projects and essays for reference. This will allow EL students to visualize the end product; allowing them to organize their ideas and …show more content…
If the instructor ensures that proper measures have been implemented in teaching core standards and content knowledge, EL students will be able to transfer their general knowledge of concepts to new skills and subjects. Comprehending key vocabulary and formulas undoubtedly allows transfer to grander more complex information and production. Transfer occurs when students have been given the proper tools and adequate practice to be able to take these skills and use them in different learning circumstances. Without content knowledge, transfer cannot take
Demonstrating Knowledge of Content and Pedagogy this component focuses on teachers having knowledge of contents and standards within specific grade level what’s developmentally appropriate and what’s not appropriate. Component A emphasizes on Knowledge of Disciplinary Literacy, Knowledge of Prerequisite Relationships, how did the previous year framework have direct correlation with the current school year curriculum? Having Knowledge of the Content and methods practiced of teaching, implementing the proper academic subject and or theoretical concepts. Component B demonstrates the knowledge of the learning process, and being aware of student s skills and knowledge level. Component C focuses on clarity of content, sequence, alignment and balance.
Teachers can rotate or randomize who is called on to answer. 4. Use response signals so ELLs are able to monitor their own comprehension. ELLs can use the following sentence stem for this: “If I do not understand ____ I can say___” 5. Build background knowledge by utilizing visuals and a focus on language. ELLs can use this sentence stem for this purpose: “This sign says ___ it tells me ___” 6. Promote ELLs’ participation in structured reading activities. A sentence stem that ELLs could use during reading activities is: “The illustration tells me that this text is about…” 7. Promote ELLs’ participation in structured conversations and writing activities. An example of a sentence stem for ELLs can be: “The subject ___ agrees/disagrees with the
knowledge of representations of subject matter (content knowledge); (2) understanding of students’ conceptions of the subject and the learning and teaching implications that were associated with the specific subject matter; and (3) general pedagogical knowledge (or teaching strategies). To complete what he called the knowledge base for teaching, he included other elements: (4) curriculum knowledge; (5) knowledge of educational contexts; and (6) knowledge of the purposes of education
Lesson plans are very well organized including visuals for the materials being illustrated. Academic vocabulary is addressed in many ways. For example, key concept and vocabulary words will be introduced to the students at start of lesson using building background. Students will be provided a hard copy of anticipation guide and words will be displayed on the Smart Board, too. Students will be provided with
Talking about the concept of “teaching” leading us unconsciously to talk about the concept of “ learning” and vice versa. In general, learning and teaching associated with each other. The high achievements of one of these cognitive operations means the success to another. On the other hand, the failure of one of them implies the fall of the other one. Successful and effective teacher, who concentrate on two essential matters. First, teachers should learn about the principles of learning and teaching to know how to teach. However, One of the most substantial affairs is learning styles and strategies.
In order to understand and gain knowledge, learning theories stress the importance of creating a relationship between all pieces of information, the learner, and the environment. It is the responsibility of both the teacher and the learner to link the appropriate information together. If students can develop a relationship for the "underlying reasons for ‘how’ and ‘why’ to use specific procedures, they will be able to store this information as part of their knowledge network," and develop links with other pieces of information (Gersten and Baker, 1998, p.24). On the contrary, if learners learn facts of information that are isolated from a meaningful context, their understanding is often incomplete and meaningless. As a result of these linked relationships between individuals and environments, knowledge is the prevailing outcome. In summary, "knowledge is situated, being in part a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used (Brown, Collins, and Duguid, 1989, p.32).
Demonstrating knowledge of content and pedagogy is important and must be embedded in planning, because in order to be a great teacher you need to know what you are teaching and the best way to teach it to your students. If an instructor does not possess a deep knowledge of what they are teaching it will be difficult to successfully engage students in discussion, promote questioning, and answer their questions. Teachers with a strong knowledge of the content they are teaching are able to present new information by linking it to previous information, address misconceptions, and plan activities and exercises to successfully engage students. They also understand that not all students learn the same way and have different pedagogical techniques planned.
If the teacher gives the students the best text, the student can that the knowledge from the text and apply it to critical thinking. This is considered knowledge transformation (Hodges 2015). If the wrong kind of material is used to include Content Area Literacy in subjects, the students will be suck with knowledge retelling. This will show that the material was not completely grasped. When students are stuck in the retelling phase, they do not fully comprehend the materials and reason that the materials were given in general. When a text is broken down and explained in the best way, the students can go beyond the retelling stage and begin transforming the knowledge into deeper understanding of the content given and the subject areas as a
Teaching students a language that is foreign can really be challenging for students as well as for the teachers. The dynamic rule for implementing instructing in a diverse class to English-learners is to use resourceful life skills such as diligence, hard work and patience. There are also methods that are involved in teaching English as a second language that can be creative for the teacher, yet beneficial to the student. First building a strong foundation that is essential to English learners will promote the language acquisition process. To do this teacher’s should always start with preparation. Advance preparation is essential in order to provide necessary adaptations in content area instruction and to make content information accessible for second language lear...
Resources are designed to support us as teachers to plan, deliver and assess our teaching and lesson delivery. All the materials and books, a variation and diversification of approaches, resources used for different learning styles, in order to meet the needs of all my students were contributing to the professional development and continuing education. Preparing visual prompts to stimulate, the use of colour in my slides, always helped to stimulate the interest and emphasise the key points in my teaching. However, computer-based technology, provided opportunities to develop ICT skills. Thus, through class sessions and little practice students were developing skills to use it, and create professionally looking and visually stimulating slides. As teachers, we must be willing to encourage our students to become active participants in their learning, creating opportunities to actively engage all
Furthermore, teachers need proper training and the preparation because if a teacher knows the material very well and gives the students a well-written lesson plan, then the students could know about what is being taught to them. For example, the students could notice about what their main focus is on the subject. Furthermore, when a teacher hands out a handout; then it gets very easy to follow during instructional time in the classroom. Therefore, that is when knowledge of learning and
I will try to prepare my lesson 100% to enhance learning. I will try to research my topic and try to integrate different resources and activities to make my lesson engaging and interesting to my students. I am able to use a variety of methods to teach a lesson to the students. This helps the students to get engaged visually, physically and verbally. I did not know, but I really like to use different resources and art materials to create something that will enhance my lesson and able to engage my students throughout the lesson. By creating and using a variety of methods and activities during the center time, I can meet the student’s needs to help them to learn.
Students need to understand the essence of what is being said to them or presented to them during instructional periods. For students to understand what is being said to them, teachers should use graphic organizers to help students understand what is being taught to them. Teachers can also present applicable background information and content about what they are teaching. Teachers can also present information that brings the ELLs’ cultures and experiences into the curriculum and vocabulary;...
The second step in developing an engaging lesson is to focus on the instructional strategies used to help the students understand the material. It is at this point, the teacher decides what activities they will use to help address the “big ideas” or the “essential questions”.
In this course I experienced an important change in my beliefs about teaching; I came to understand that there are many different theories and methods that can be tailored to suit the teacher and the needs of the student. The readings, especially those from Lyons, G., Ford, M., & Arthur-Kelly, M. (2011), Groundwater-Smith, S., Ewing, R., & Le Cornu, R. (2007), and Whitton, D., Barker, K., Nosworthy, M., Sinclair, C., Nanlohy, P. (2010), have helped me to understand this in particular. In composing my essay about teaching methods and other themes, my learning was solidified, my knowledge deepened by my research and my writing skills honed.