White-collar crime, specifically computer crime, is becoming more popular as computers become more readily available. Crimes using computers and crimes against computers are usually committed without fear of being caught, due to the detachment of the offender from the victim.
Computer crime is defined as, “Criminal activity directly related to the use of computers, specifically illegal trespass into the computer system or database of another, manipulation or theft of stored or on-line data, or sabotage of equipment and data.”(1). This includes both crimes using computers and crimes against computers.
The people who commit these crimes are of a wide variety. Cyber-criminals can be put in generally seven categories:
· Pranksters: These individuals perpetrate tricks on others. They generally do
not intend any particular or long-lasting harm. A large portion is juvenile.
· Hackers: These individuals explore others' computer systems for education, out
of curiosity, to achieve idealized social justice, or to compete with their
peers. They may be attempting to gain the use of a more powerful computer, gain
respect from fellow hackers, build a reputation, or gain acceptance as an expert
without formal education.
· Malicious hackers (crackers): These individuals are intent on causing loss to
satisfy some antisocial motives or just for fun. Many computer virus creators
and distributors fall into this category.
· Personal problem solvers: By far the most common kind of criminal, these
individuals often cause serious loss in their pursuit of a solution to their own
personal problems. They may turn to crime after conventional problem-solving
methods fail, or they may see crime as a quick and easy way to solve their
problems. “They generally believe that the victim of the crime is rich enough
to afford the loss and would not miss what was taken or used. Disgruntled
employees, angry about being fired or not receiving a raise they felt they
As I stated before, though lack of belief would surely paint him as a charlatan, I believe Saint Emmanuel to be a saint. He had a great heart and surely practiced pious behavior. He was the opposite of selfish and made it a priority that the villagers not live in suffering or confusion. When the villagers died, he made sure that they died with hope even though he himself had uncertainty of the unknown. Personally, being a saint is not about being perfect or being close to God as possible. Thus, being whether or not you are considered a saint should not be measure on how “holy” or honest you are because like in Don Manuel’s case, deceiving the villagers was the only way that he could made in impact on their lives.
White-collar crime is the financially motivated illegal acts that are committed by the middle and upper class through their legitimate business or government activities. This form of crime was first coined by Edwin Sutherland in 1939 as “a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.” (Linden, 2016). Crime has often been associated with the lower class due to economic reasons. However, Sutherland stressed that the Criminal Justice System needed to acknowledge illegal business activity as crime due to the repercussions they caused and the damage they can cause to society (Linden, 2016). Crime was prevalently thought to only be
White collar and corporate crimes are crimes that many people do not associate with criminal activity. Yet the cost to the country due to corporate and white collar crime far exceeds that of “street” crime and benefit fraud. White collar and corporate crimes refer to crimes that take place within a business or institution and include everything from Tax fraud to health and safety breaches.
The saints are remembered most often for their courageous acts of love and devotion to God. These acts, in St. Ambrose’s case are acts of great political and religious peace. The Roman Empire was in immense turmoil and many pagan beliefs were circling when Ambrose became Bishop of Milan, but he managed to keep peace in the empire throughout his life. Those in poverty were Ambrose’s main concern and he was very charitable to the poor and spent his time trying to help them. His religious writings made him one of the four original Doctors of the Church. St. Ambrose was an extremely impactful saint during the time of the Roman Empire and even today he continues to impact the Church with his influential writings and devotion to others.
This essay will be analysing the statement ‘inclusion is a delusion’ by looking into the inclusion systems in place within mainstream schools and special educational schools. This essay will also be looking at research that has been carried out and the current policies that are in place to assist with inclusion, it will also look at the report publishes by Mary Warnock and the impact of the report on inclusion within schools It will then come to a conclusion as to whether or not inclusion within schools is in fact a delusion, using evidence to support the answer.
However, the negative aspects of inclusion have not proven a strong enough point in that the good, which comes from this experience, severely outweighs any doubt of its success. Inclusion of autistic children has shown to be beneficial due to the notion that these 'disabled kids' can attend 'normal' classes with their non-learning disabled peers. By allowing all kids to feel 'normal' we, as a society, stand a chance of making prejudice which we associate the disabled under, cease to exist.
...e centre for studies on inclusive education (CSIE) that is an independent centre committed to promoting and encouraging full inclusion of students with SEN, and campaigns for the closure of special schools, believing special schools creates a barrier to a more inclusive society (Hall, 2002 and CSIE, 2014). however, many argue that full inclusion may not always benefit a child with SEN, Farrell (2009) states that the view that inclusion should be the primary aim of a school is flawed. Schools aim should be to educated children not include them. In agreement with this point Warnock (2005) argued that inclusive education needs to be rethought as the current process of inclusion is not working. Warnock also stated there was still a need for special education to be provide to children with SEN who could not have their educational needs met in a mainstream environment.
Inclusion in the classroom is a topic that I did not fully understand when I first became a special education teacher. Studying inclusion and all the aspect that it encompasses has enlighten me to the complexities of inclusion in the classroom. Inclusion has expanded to every facet of school activities outside the classroom. I am going on my fifth year of being a special education teacher and continuously find the need for additional education and training among the staff and administration. I feel having a comprehensive understanding has made me a better educator and advocate for children with disabilities.
Codeine is naturally occurring opiate from the poppy plant and is an agonist of µ opioid receptors in the central nervous system, leading to analgesic effects. There are three other opioid receptors (delta, kappa, and the nociceptin orphanin peptide receptor). Opioids acting at the µ receptor have demonstrated significant decreases in pain (Fields, 2011). Codeine is typically prescribed as an oral medication to treat mild to moderate pain, such as cancer pain (Bernard et al., 2006). It is also used as a cough suppressant and as an antidiarrheal medication. Although the main effect of this drug is analgesia, side effects include respiratory depression, constipation, nausea, vomiting, skin rashes, and euphoria followed by dysphoria. In the present day, codeine is mainly synthesized by pharmacological companies and as a pro-drug of morphine. Most of the metabolites of codeine have similar affinities for the µ receptor, except for morphine and its metabolite, morphine-6-glucuronide (Caraco et al., 1996). Morphine has an affinity 200-fold higher to this receptor than codeine, which may help explain the addictive characteristic. Other opioids that act on this receptor include heroin and oxycodone, also having high addiction potential (Fields, 2011). Heroin is more potent than both codeine and morphine.
There are different types of computer crimes that many people become victims of every day. Computer crime is any crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target ("Computer Crime: Chapter 2: What Are the Crimes? ", n.d.) - " Crimes such as data diddling, pump and dump, social engineering and spoofing are computer crimes. Even though these crimes are difficult due to privacy issues, the new technology has made investigations and prosecutions well organized and effective.
Inclusion is a major challenge facing educational systems around the world. There appears to be no universally accepted definition. Lisaidou (2012) describes inclusion as a ‘semantic chameleon’ because it adopts a different colour and meaning when used by different people, at different times, in different places. It varies depending on the context. It’s a process not a state. Aspects of inclusion involve academic, social, cultural, holistic, legal, physical and moral views. “Inclusion refers to the right of all people to be fully involved in all aspects of community life. It is not a concept that refers to education alone but reflects a desire of a society to respect the human rights of all. Social justice, social inclusion and inclusive education
Fraud and white-collar crime are common forms of crimes that people commit in various aspects and positions in the corporate world. Fraud and white-collar crimes have similar meaning as they refer to the non-violent crimes that people commit with the basic objective of gaining money using illegal means. The cases of white-collar crimes have been increasing exponentially in the 21st century due to the advent of technology because fraudsters apply technological tools in cheating, swindling, embezzling, and defrauding people or organizations. White-collar crime is a complex issue in society because its occurrence is dependent on many factors such as organizational structure, organization culture, and personality traits. Thus, the literature review examines how organizational structure, organizational culture, and personality traits contribute to the occurrence of white-collar crimes.
According to Dictionary.com (Cybercrime, n.d.), cybercrime is defined as “criminal activity or a crime that involves the Internet, computer system, or computer technology”. There are many kinds of cybercrimes, such as the spreading of computer viruses, cyberterrorism, and the stealing of someone’s identity. A computer virus is a piece of malicious programming code that is associated with an attachment. It causes a computer to act in such a way that can be detrimental for the user and is often times unnoticed. When
over long periods of time, or when a computer operator uses a computer to steal
Cybercrime, also called computer crime, is an illegal act that includes a computer system. The growing problem of cybercrime is an important issue facing researchers today. The number of internet users has grown exponentially over the last twenty years. However, it is really only in the last decade that researchers have really begun to study the problem. The purpose of this paper is to take a look at areas related to cybercrime today. In this paper I will discuss major types of cybercrimes: identity theft, computer use by pedophiles, cyberbullying,cyberstalking, unauthorized access to computers (hacking), computer viruses, spam, and illegal gambling on the internet.