The human body is dependent on interconnectedness of its systems to maintain homeostasis. Internal and external factors can potentially contribute to a disruption of homeostasis. If the body is not returned to homeostasis by negative feedback mechanisms then complications arise which can be detected by a battery of tests (Museum of Science & Industry, 2013). For example, a 40-year-old man enters the clinic with complaining of chest pains, the negative feedback systems have not returned the body to homeostasis. A variety of tests are performed to determine what is occurring. The objective data states that the patient has elevated troponin levels, which confirm a mild heart attack. Hematocrit levels are normal; however, platelet counts are recorded at >600x 103 /µl, and there is also no direct evidence for iron deficiency. Subjective data reveals that the patient complains of a throbbing and burning sensation in the hands and feet, and his family has a history of heart problems. To determine the patient’s condition the attending physician must understand the anatomy of the body.
Whole blood in body is composed of blood plasma and formed elements. Tortora and Derrickson (2012) states that red blood cells (RBC’s), white blood cells (WBC’s), and platelets make up formed elements. Taking a closer look at platelets, also known as thrombocytes, make up only a fraction of formed elements compared to RBC’s and WBC’s. Platelets in whole blood are developed in red bone marrow, which is due to the hormone thrombopoietin. According to Tortora and Derrickson (2012), the hormone thrombopoietin stimulates the formation of platelets. Thrombocytes are formed when thrombopoietin allows myeloid stem cells to turn into megakaryoblasts and then megak...
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...bi.nih.gov/health//dci/Diseases/thrm/thrm_causes.html
Patient.co.uk - Trusted medical information and support. (2013, January 1). Patient.co.uk. Retrieved February 15, 2014, from http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Thrombocytosis.htm
Thrombocytosis and essential thrombocythaemia. (2013, January 1). Netdoctor. Retrieved February 15, 2014, from http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/thrombocytosis.htm
Tortora, G., & Derrickson, B. (2012). The cardiovascular system: The blood. In B. Roesch (Ed.),
A&P principles of anatomy & physiology (pp. 728-751). United States of America:
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http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/heart-disease-treatment-care
The Mayo Clinic’s book on High Blood Pressure was full of detailed facts about blood pressure and what it is. This is extremely significant to the experiment because blood pressure is one of the variables being tested. Understanding blood pressure is one of the key components to receiving accurate results from this experiment. Most of the book is on high blood pressure, which is not necessary for the experiment, but the book still had plenty of useful information about blood pressure itself. The book explains that when the heart beats, a surge of blood is released from the left ventricle. It also tells of how arteries are blood vessels that move nutrients and oxygenated blood from the heart to the body’s tissues. The aorta, or the largest artery in the heart, is connected to the left ventricle and is the main place for blood to leave the heart as the aorta branches off into many different smaller
The science and history of the heart can be traced back as far as the fourth century B.C. Greek philosopher, Aristotle, declared the heart to be the most vital organ in the body based on observations of chick embryos. In the second century A.D, similar ideas were later reestablished in a piece written by Galen called On the Usefulness of the Parts of the Body. Galen’s thesis was that the heart was the source of the body’s essential heat and most closely related to the soul. Galen made careful observations of the physical properties of the heart as well. He said “The heart is a hard flesh, not easily injured. In hardness, tension, in general strength, and resistance to injury, the fibers of the heart far surpasses all others, for no other instrument performs such continues, hard work as the heart”(Galen, Volume 1).
The cardiovascular system is divided into two systems a pulmonary and a systemic. Pulmonary division- blood flows from the heart to alveolar capillaries and back to the heart. Systemic division- blood flows from heart to every capillary “except alveolar” and back to heart.
Ofri, D (2000). Diagnosis and Treatment of Deep-Vein Thrombosis. Western Journal of Medicine; 173: 194-197.
“Chronic diseases and illnesses are the leading causes of death and disability in the United States” (CDC.gov, 2014). These types of illnesses are the most common health problems that people in this country face today and they are also the most preventable (CDC.gov, 2014). Every year the cost to help care for and manage people with these types of illnesses increases and there is less being done about educating people about prevention. Venous Thromboembolism is one such chronic disease that is very deadly but also very preventable if the right precautions are taken. This paper will aim to educate about the disease, courses and costs of treatment, clinical microsystems that are involved and what barriers if any exist to achieving generative relationships among the various clinical microsystems involved.
divide to make new blood cells. Once blood cells mature, they leave the bone marrow and enter
The human body is an amazing machine, we have cells, tissues, organs and organ system that come together to create the human race. Each system plays a key role in our bodies mechanism. Without each systems our bodies would not function properly, but what happens when one of these system fails? The Cardiovascular system components are blood, blood vessels and the heart. The hearts function is to pump blood to all the major organs and tissues (Circulatory). It’s also important to be aware of the derivation that our bodies may encounter, for example a stroke. In this passage I discuss different types of strokes, what are the signs and symptoms and after care for this disorder of the cardiovascular system.
middle of paper ... ... Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association 88 (1993): 353-57. AHA Journals. Web.
Hemophilia is a rare bleeding disorder that slows the blood clotting process, which is not normal. Some people with Hemophilia may just have a little bit of “clotting factor” or no clotting factor at all (National Institute of Health [NIH], 2013). Clotting factor is a protein in blood that controls bleeding and they are needed the blood to clot normally. In order to help the blood clot, clotting factors work with “platelets” (National Institute of Health [NIH], 2013). Platelets are small blood cell fragments that form in the bone marrow, a tissue in the bones that is similar to a sponge. The functions of platelets have a very important role in blood clotting; the role of a platelet is to stick together (by the help of clotting factors) to block cuts, break on the carriers of blood (veins or arteries) throughout the body, and stop the bleeding when “blood vessels” (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 2013) are injured. Blood vessels are tube like structures carrying blood through the tissues and organs, like a vein, artery, or capillary. People with hemophilia do not have enough “clotting factor VIII or IX” (World Federation of Hemophilia [WFH], 2013) in their blood, which results to prolonged bleeding or oozing, meaning that bleeding can last longer (though, not faster) than usual after surgeries, accidents, or having teeth pulled out at the dentist. Clotting factor VIII, which can also be called as “anti-hemophilic factor” (AHF, for short) (Patient.co.uk, 2011), is a blood clotting protein that is necessary for humans to have. Clotting Factor IX is a protein that i...
The heart serves as a powerful function in the human body through two main jobs. It pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout the body and “blood vessels called coronary arteries that carry oxygenated blood straight into the heart muscle” (Katzenstein and Pinã, 2). There are four chambers and valves inside the heart that “help regulate the flow of blood as it travels through the heart’s chambers and out to the lungs and body” (Katzenstein Pinã, 2). Within the heart there is the upper chamber known as the atrium (atria) and the lower chamber known as the ventricles. “The atrium receive blood from the lu...
"Harvey, William. C15101590. On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals. Vol. 38,
Press, 1967. Lubitz, Steven. A. A. “Early Reactions to Harvey's Circulation Theory: The Impact on Medicine.” Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine 71 Issue 4 (2004): 274.
These functions are mineral storage, energy storage, and hematopoiesis. In regards to metabolic reaction, this system has extremely critical functions that are important for the entire body. The cells in bone tissues have chemical processes that produce the energy and substance needed to maintain life. The first function is the role of bone matrix. (Baumie) The bone matrix plays the role as a supply for minerals that are important to the body functions. The two main minerals are calcium and phosphorus. To keep the stability that is needed to support physiological processes the minerals can be released back into the bloodstream. (Baumie) For example, calcium ions are necessary for muscle contractions and flow of other ions that take place in the transferral of nerve impulses. (Baumie) The next function that is important for homeostasis is hematopoiesis. This process is responsible for producing new blood cells in the body. Hematopoiesis has three types of blood cells and they are able to become more than one type of a cell. (Baumie) Cells that are capable of producing more cells of the same type are called stem cells. The stem cells that are a result of hematopoiesis are Pluripotent stem cells, multi potent stem cells, and committed progenitor cells. Stem cells are not the only production from this process. The three types of white blood cells that are also produced
Platelets, which are also produced in the bone barrow, are checked on a Complete Blood Count with Differential. Platelets help stop bleeding from injury by creating clots. If your CBC blood test shows low platelet levels, you might be more susceptible to bleeding. High platelet levels could mean that you have an increased risk of internal clots.
Your Heart and Blood Vessels – Illustrations and facts of the anatomy of the heart.