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Howard gardner multiple intelligences cognitive development
Howard gardner theory multiple intelligences essay
Factors that determine intelligence
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Through acquired knowledge from observational learning intelligence is an individual’s ability to adapt to one’s given environment. Intelligence can be referenced in many ways that include stability, performance and comprehension, only to reference a few. Most commonly when one hears intelligence the IQ comes to mind. Although the nature versus nurture agreement is major aspect of intelligence, a person’s inheritance from their genetic makeup partially contributes to their intelligence quotient. When applied to education the academic achievement in conjunction with intelligence and development is acquired by maintaining discipline and dedication. Those who often seek scholastic success find that the journey may include bias views, environmental expositors, learning …show more content…
Over time I have learned that there is truth to Howard Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences. In reference to the Ahanbor and Sadighi (2014) “The Relationship Between Multiple Intelligences, Learning Styles and Gender” (p.177) Gardner theorized that the human population has seven intelligences, which include: Logical-Mathematical, Linguistic, Spatial, Musical, Bodily Kinesthetic and Personal Intelligences. (Ahanbor & Sadighi, 2014, p.177-178) After reading the article it is with understanding that individuals may hold the same qualities but no individual is truly the same. For example, in a school system you are exposed to all sorts of students. Many have a multitude of abilities, some have athletic ability, musical ability and in the diverseness of language. As a teacher it is my job to learn the abilities of my students to help them reach varies levels of mastery. “The growing interest in learning styles is in recognition of the fact that learners differ in ways that need to be taken into account when teachers make decisions about course content and teaching methodology.” (Ahanbor & Sadighi, 2014,
Howard Gardner used to define intelligence as “the ability to solve problems or to create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings” (Gardner 33). The modern day human being would most likely include the words “smart” and “dumb” in their definition of intelligence. Gardner questioned the belief of only one intelligence so he created his own theory that involved seven different discoveries. He didn’t want to call these discoveries “skills” or “talents” or gifts” because those all suggested a drawback so he decided on the word “intelligence,” creating his theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner 33). Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences including, linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, intrapersonal and interpersonal, has many implications for modern education and culture.
In Howard Gardner’s “Theory of Multiple Intelligences” he states that there are seven different kinds of intelligence. He alludes that everyone has the potential to be intelligent in an unconventional way. Gardner writes, “The question of the optimal definition of intelligence looms large in our inquiry. Indeed it is at the level of this definition that the theory of multiple intelligences diverges from the traditional points of view”(370). If one were to have a more conservative education, Gardner’s ideas would have been absurd because nobody would have understood them. People would have only understood intelligence as being smart in school. People with a conservative education would never look deeper into things. On the other hand, a liberal education teaches people to challenge what they have learned, if they do not agree with it. Gardner did just that. Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was measured by IQ tests. Gardner did not agree with this, so he did his own research on it. Because of Gardner’s liberal education, he was able to rise above those who received a more conservative education.
People learn new things every day. My grandmother would say “I just received a new wrinkle in my brain!” Maybe, this is not true, but it is true that we learn new things even as we grow older. There are many techniques to learning a new skill. “Howard Gardner 's theory of Multiple Intelligences utilizes aspects of cognitive and developmental psychology, anthropology, and sociology to explain the human intellect” (Zhou 77). Gardner introduced nine different intelligences. Gardner believed that humans possess each of the nine intelligences, even though some are stronger or weaker than others. He also believed that each person had their own individual intelligence profile. We took a multiple intelligence test to see our own strengths and weaknesses
The bioecological model of intelligence, introduced by Stephen Ceci, concentrates on the potential abilities, environmental influence and internal motivation. To perform well in an intelligent test a person must have the necessary abilities, be in a positive environment and be motivated (Comer et al.,
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence focuses more on how numerical expressions of human intelligence are not a full and accurate depiction of people’s abilities (McFarlane, 2011). He includes and describes eight intelligences that are based on skills and abilities that are valued within different cultures. The eight intelligences include visual-spatial (e.g. sailor navigating with no navigational systems), verbal-linguistic (e.g. poets, writers, orators, and communicators), bodily-kinesthetic (e.g. dancers, athletes, surgeons, craftspeople), logical-mathematical (e.g. mathematicians and logicians), interpersonal(e.g. salespeople, teachers, clinicians, politicians, and religious leaders), musical (e.g. musicians and
Howard Gardner is the “John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and Adjunct Professor of Neurology at the Boston University School of Medicine, and Senior Director of Harvard Project Zero” (Gardner bio, Multiple Intelligences and Education, MI Theory, and Project Zero). As director of Project Zero, it provided and environment that Gardner could begin the exploration of human cognition (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Project Zero colleagues have been designing assessment and the use of multiple intelligences (MI) to realize more personalized curriculum, instruction, and teaching methods; and the quality of crossing traditional boundaries between academic disciplines or schools of thought in education (Gardner bio). MI theories offer tools to educators that will allow more people to master learning in an effective way and to help people “achieve their potential at the workplace, in occupations, and in the service of the wider world” (Gardner papers).
Gardner believes that all people excel in at least one category of intelligence. However, he cautions teachers using the multiple intelligence approach in the classroom: “Do not label kids as ‘spatial, but not linguistic’ or, for that...
Smith, M. K., (2002). Howard Gardner, multiple intelligences and education. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm.
Everyone thinks intelligence is being smart and that it is inherited, but what if intelligence also refers to skill? Each person is embodied with intelligence, but it might not be the intelligence that you see in school by form of tests. If you can’t see these intelligences by tests; then how do you know if you have an intelligence? According to the website Multiple Intelligence (MI)-Howard Gardner (2014), Howard Gardner is the man who came up with the idea of multiple intelligences and he describes intelligence as “the ability to create an effective product or offer service that is valued in a culture,” while the traditional definition as from Merriam-Webster dictionary (2014) defines intelligence as “the ability to learn or understand things or deal with new or difficult situations.” With this idea of how intelligence is, he formed a list of eight intelligences (Bodily Kinesthetic, Logical-Mathematical, Linguistic-Verbal, Musical-Rhythmic, Spatial-Visual, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and Naturalist) based on the characteristics and then left one called Existential to add later after more evidence has been found. Each of the intelligences has their own set of skills and abilities associated with them; so we can see these intelligences then through the abilities and products that we have and produce. Many people doubt that there are more than one form of intelligence and rather call most of Gardner’s intelligences talents instead because there is no test that can prove all of them easily. Even the teachers are having a hard time accepting the theory because it seems impossible to teach eight different ways to fit each intelligence, but like me there are many that have accepted the idea and initiated it into their classrooms. The...
In closing, implementing only one theory of learning can be limiting to the success of students in a classroom setting. A more effective approach would be “draw from two or more theoretical perspectives… to better capture the complex nature of human thinking and learning” (Ormrod, 2012). According to Howard Gardner, there are multiple intelligences in human individuals that are based on biological and cultural elements (Brualdi, 1996). Since each of the intelligences work independently of each other, but also complement each other individuals learn, teachers should teach accordingly (Brualdi, 1996).
According to Multiple Intelligence theory by Howard Gardener, "individuals differ in the strength of their intelligences. “ He argues that there are 7 types of intelligences: visual-spatial, logical-mathematical, bodily- kinestic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, linguistic intelligences. Likewise, although students have inherent talented intelligence, they have no time to focus on their special ability since they are trained to have a better score at the test. Howard
In 1983, Howard Gardner a Harvard professor proposed the theory that individual can have multiple ways of learning and processing information. The multiple intelligences consist of 9 different ways and these include: verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, existential, musical, naturalistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Every individual has a different amount of each intelligence but each intelligence is at a varying level. With the help of a multiple intelligences assessment, I found that my top three multiple intelligences are Intrapersonal, logical, and interpersonal. Within his research Gardner says that “Intrapersonal intelligence refers to people’s ability to recognize and assess those same characteristics
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.