The rapid growth of urban cities and its impact of urban dwellers have been given much attention. Urbanization is closely linked to modernization, industrialization and the sociological process of rationalization (Angel, 2012). Urbanization as we know began with the industrial revolution in the 18th century and has only been on the rise ever since our cities have been luring people for various reasons, the basic one being the hope for a better life.
CONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL: THE ZONE I WAS RAISED.
The concentric zone model is a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in series of rings. First it explains the distribution of different social groups within urban areas. The size of rings may vary
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In the urban city of Calabar where I were I was raised, different concentric zone models were observed. Starting from the low class settlement distanced away from central market and hub of business centre is the Calabar South zone where small businesses thrive, poor access to good infrastructure and poor environmental degradation boom. In the second group is the affluent households known for commercial business and high commute along with government offices situated closely to each other as a channel of well - organized urban zone called the MARIAN HIILL. And finally was the outskirt area from the city centre called the HIGHWAY PLAINS, here contains the upper class who distanced themselves from the city business centre. Here estates are built in patterns for old affluent citizens who has enjoyed the city centre in the past and at certain age decides to resort to a quieter life from the rushing and busy city …show more content…
Few markets where operative but less commercialization in the city as most of the citizens where civil servants who commute to work within the city. There was no expansion and most areas where rain forest zones with less residents. The quality of housing was very poor and families lived in a closed structure pattern. The traditional city of older generation did not have so much industrialization while the poor sanitation continued to expand into new areas of metropolis. The housing structures were not compare to what is erected recently, following the city plan to install modernized facilities while making it a HUB for business. The traditional chiefs had more liberty as the where also holding seats of power. Financial institutions were low scheme operating as community banks and Thrift society, thus trade and investment were minimal in this period.
THE URBAN ZONE I RESIDE NOW.
Spurned by the oil boom prosperity and the massive improvements in roads and the availability of vehicles. Nigeria since the start of democratic rule has become increasingly urbanized and urban-oriented society.
The Federal Capital City being ABUJA, is the capital city of Nigeria where the seat of power is located and the arms of government
populous city in Nigeria. In this essay I am going to critically examines push and
2. Sector Model - This model was created by Homer Hoyt in 1939 and it suggested that the social zones within a city expand outwards in sectors that follow transportation links (Liu, 2009). The study was based on Chicago, Hoyt could see that higher class housing was built favouring the sought-after Lake Michigan shoreline. This led him to develop the sector theory. The CBD is the centre of the model with the Zone of Transition in a similar location to Burgess's model in Zone B. The lower and middle class residential houses form a circle around Zone B and the CBD, and extend to the outskirts of the urban area. The lower class houses are found near the industrial zones and the middle cl...
Osagie, E., Ph.D. (Presenter). (1999, December 10). Benin in Contemporary Nigeria an Agenda for the 21st Century. Lecture presented at Oba Akenzua Cultural Centre, Benin City, Benin.
* Urban Professional^s recognition of the increased variability, robustness, and interest in both the urban area and their work. * Conservation Activist^s commendation of the lower consumption of resources, and reduced pressure on sensitive environment areas, suggestive of a reduction in urban sprawl. * The Development Industry^s equations of profit established through better and higher levels of land use. Essentially urban consolidation proposes an increase of either population or dwellings in an existing defined urban area (Roseth,1991). Furthermore, the suburban village seeks to establish this intensification within a more specific agenda, in which community is to be centred by public transport nodes, and housing choice is to be widened with increased diversity of housing type (Jackson,1998).
There were an abundance of spatial differences in terms of ethnic, convivial and occupational status, while there were low occurrences of the functional differences in land use patterns. The concentric model postulated a spatial disunion of place of work and place of residence, which was not generalized until the twentieth century.
Again, this section will give a working definition of the “urban question’. To fully compare the political economy and ecological perspectives a description of the “urban question” allows the reader to better understand the divergent schools of thought. For Social Science scholars, from a variety of disciplines, the “urban question” asks how space and the urban or city are related (The City Reader, 2009). The perspective that guides the ecological and the social spatial-dialect schools of thought asks the “urban question” in separate distinct terminology. Respected scholars from the ecological mode of thinking, like Burgess, Wirth and others view society and space from the rationale that geographical scope determines society (The City Reader, 2009). The “urban question” that results from the ecological paradigm sees the relationship between the city (space) as influencing the behaviors of individuals or society in the city. On the other hand...
Oghre, Ben. “Nigeria’s Population Is A Silent Killer .” Nigerians of America. N.p., 30 Sept. 2007. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. .
In Fyfe and Kenny’s work, the different ways that the city forms and operates are explored. The first paper details how cities expand and it provides a simple model showing the succession of how the city expands. In this model, the city expands from the “loop” which would be the central business district, to the area of transition where manufacturing is done, to the areas of residence for workers, and then to the suburban residential zone. Another concept in this paper would be how the disorganization of a large number of immigrants has caused “slums” and regions of extreme poverty to pop up outside the loop of cities. Mobility is also mentioned as an explanation for the high costs of land in central areas within cities.
Nigeria is located in Western Africa bordering the Atlantic Ocean in the South. Its neighbors include Cameroon and Chad to the east, Niger to the north and Benin to the west. Nigeria is a very important country in Africa since it exports oil worldwide.
Burgess further went on to write that there being a tendency for each inner zone to extend its reach into another area. Today, however, the center loop doesn’t just have one business but several businesses. And yet, this model and terminology are still being used to urban pl...
According to Samuels in Case Studies in Comparative Politics, Nigeria began as a group of states and empires, which were conquered by the British Empire who ruled Nigeria through indirect rule with varying degrees of rule in North and South Nigeria (Samuels, 323-326). Since they were granted independence in 1960, three republics have been created and each has ended by military rule, which led to the creation of the fourth, and current republic in Nigeria. In the current regime Nigeria’s GDP is ranked 108 of 156 and has been decreasing, lower than some of the non oil-producing nations in Africa (“Nigeria”).
In this section, he explained that urbanization happened in two stages. First stage cities were confined and limited to the valleys and food plains, like the Nile, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus and Hwang Ho. The second stage is the urban dominance, where cities are in full expansion, performance and influence. He concluded that population growth and technical improvement are factors of this change.
In Africa, one important feature of the urbanization process is that a lot of the growth is taking place in the industrial increase. Urbanization also finds expression in external expansion of the built-up area and the changing of prime agricultural lands into residential and industrial uses (Saundry, 2008). An alternate to the present expansion of the urban population across a wide area of the country in order to save crucial land for agriculture is to construct high-rise buildings and support commercial development in specific zones, which would depend on efficiency, and the right technology and resources (Hanson, 2011). In Africa, the urbanization processes are largely driven by market forces and government policies. This will lead to methods at the same time of change in incomes, land use, health and natural resources management including water, soil and forests and often reactive changes in local governments (The Economist, 2010). So this is saying that government development policies and budget divisions, in which urban residents are often favorites over rural areas and will tend to pull more people into the urban areas. I...
A general situation of urbanization trend in developing countries and developed countries is increasing. In 18th Century only 3% of the world total population lived in urban areas but as projected in 2000 this number will increase at above 50% (UN as cited in Elliot, 1999, p. 144). According to UN (as cited in Elliot, 1999, p.144), it is figured that the total urban population in developing countries has increased from approximately 400 millions people in 1950 to approximately 2000 millions people in 2000. At the same time, total urban population in developed countries is double...
Urbanization occurs naturally from individual and corporate efforts to cut time and cost in commuting and transportation while improving opportunities for jobs, education, housing, and transportation. Living in cities allows individuals and families to take advantage of the opportunities of proximity, diversity, and marketplace competition. People began moving into cities to seek economic opportunities.