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Essays on protecting endangered species
Essays on protecting endangered species
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Carl Zimmer an evolution scientist wrote an article called” Bringing Them Back to Life”. In July 2003 a group of scientists brought back the bucardo to life. The bucardo is a wild goat that was found in the mountains of the Pyrenees. In 1989 it was found that there were only slightly over a dozen of the goats left. “Ten years later a single bucardo remained: a female nicknamed Celia.” (Zimmer, 445) Bucardos were officially extinct, however, Celia’s cells remained preserved in labs. For a few years a team of reproductive psychologists led by Jose Folch injected nuclei from Celia’s cells into goat eggs removed of their own DNA, they then implanted the eggs into surrogate mothers (Zimmer, 445) Over 57 implantations, only one was born. The clone was born with several problems and died quickly. …show more content…
Humans have driven many animals extinct, but should we bring them back is the question. Geneticists, biologists, conservationists and ethicists gathered to discuss the controversies. Some people say in doing this we are playing God, while others say we did by killing them. Other scientist say that it may be beneficial because it will add biodiversity, and medicinal properties back to the ecosystem. It is only possible to bring species back from around 10 thousand years ago. Recently scientists have vastly improved the cloning process. We can now coax adult animal cells into any type of cell, including eggs and sperm, then manipulating them into full-fledged embryos, which has led to the ideas and developments of reviving many other species including mammoths, frogs and
David Kennedy’s Over Here: The First World War and American Society demonstrates Americans connection to global society. President Wilson “called the newly elected 65th Congress into special session on April 2 to receive his war message.” Wilson’s message would impact America socially, economically, and politically; that would continue to influence America throughout the twentieth century. Wilson presented to Congress four proposals on how America was to wage war: a bold tax program, a compulsory draft of young men into the nation’s service, “for the enforced loyalty of all Americans in a cause to which many were indifferent or openly hostile, and, by implication, at least,” and the expansion of presidential powers.
In Susan Pfeffer’s Life as We Knew It, life for Miranda and her family comes to a screeching halt after a meteor collides with the moon, triggering calamitous natural disasters. After the initial tragedy, humanity is left with unanswered questions, to which no one seems to have answers for. As a result, Miranda must forget about her normal, mundane life and focus on the hardship ahead of her and her family. With her world collapsing around her, she is left with choices and responsibilities that affect her loved ones as much as herself. Through literary devices, Pfeffer emphasizes the emotional struggles and physical battles Miranda must surmount before and after the misfortunate collision.
In the ridged and shocking book that follows the lives of impoverished African American children, There Are No Children Here by Alex Kotlowitz accurately displays what life can be like for those who are not as fortunate as some. The story is set in the inner city of Chicago in and around 1987, and pivots around drug violence and the nightmare that is living in the Henry Horner housing project. Lafayette and Pharoah Rivers, two brothers who were born into the life of poverty, are followed throughout this true story. The two live with their mother, LaJoe, and their six siblings (while some come and go, between jail and other places). Their father, Paul, is seldom around due to his alcoholism and drug addiction. It seems as if Pharoah and Lafayette
Jeff Chang, a music critic and journalist, addresses racial unrest on college campuses across the country in the essay “What A Time To Be Alive” in his most recent book We Gon’ Be Alright. Chang starts off the essay with the University of Missouri situation between former President Tim Wolfe, and graduate student Jonathan Butler, as a specific example of racial protests on college campuses. To continue he begins to address the public’s reactions to these protests as some said students were a threat to free speech. In the important study Chang adds a historical reference talking about the end of the apartheid in South Africa. The apartheid was a policy of segregation on grounds of race during the years of 1948-1991. “Roelf Meyer served as the National Party’s vice minister of police from 1985-1988. His job was to stop demonstrations in Black townships by any means. Throughout his work he began to
This book talks about the immigrants in the early 1900’s. The book describes how they live their daily lives in New York City. It helped me a lot on Riis photographs and his writings on to better understand the book and the harsh reality this people lived. This comes to show us that life is not that easy and it will cost us work to succeed.
Even though natural born animals present a higher survival rate, cloned sheep and cows show different results. Even if the cloned cows and sheep show a positive sign of survival, most of the cloned animals’ die either in the womb or after the clone exits the womb. (Anthes 63). Through this example, death dominates the choices of these cloned animals, and scientists continue the experiments for the benefits of humans. By focusing on human needs, the scientists pretend that animal welfare means absolutely nothing, but animals deserve safety just like humans. If scientists truly believe that cloning meets moral standards, than how come scientists cannot find a more effective way to decrease the failure rate of
In the novel Feed by M.T Anderson, the reader is introduced to several characters, who are living in a world that is advanced beyond anything we could imagine in the world we live in today. It becomes evident from the first chapter that the author is giving the reader a look into a futuristic lifestyle that is completely controlled and governed due to technology. The novel brings many ideas and themes to the surface, however, the main theme that appeared universal throughout the entire book was invisibility. The idea of being invisible is seen in several instances and it essentially gives the main characters, hope that they could one day have this freedom. The reader sees their desperate desire to be human, and to disassociate themselves from
Today, we as a society world wide have a new issue to deal with. Science has discovered the means in which to clone animals, opening a whole new discussion. Many people are inclined to say why would science even wish to peruse this method of research. Lewis Thomas says in his essay "The Hazards of Science"
...rough cloning we could eliminate some disadvantages that some animal species have towards climates, or immune
Cloning is not new; experiments with frogs and toads go back to the 1970’ with the experiments concerning animal and plant embryos have been preformed for
Animal cloning could, in many ways, be beneficial to society. For instance, animals could be cloned to produce medicine. According to Ian Wilmut, cloned sheep could be used to produce a protein called alpha-1 antitrypsin that can help treat cystic fibrosis (2). Alpha-1 antitrypsin can be produced by inserting certain genes into the sheep that will be "expressed in the mammary cells," making the protein available in the sheep's milk (2). By cloning a sheep with such capabilities, scientists could have a potentially unlimited supply of this protein (2). According to one article, the animals would act as "hoofed pharmaceutical factories" (2). Scientists are also hoping to use this technique to produce human factor IX for hemophiliacs (15).
Spearmann thought of cloning as a way to study cell differentiation. Briggs and King used the technique of nuclear transfer on amphibians and it was successful (Campbell). “Subsequently John Gurdon demonstrated the potential to reprogram differentiated cells by producing adult Xenopus using epithelial cells from developing tadpole intestine as nuclear donors,” says Alberio Campbell. Unfortunately, later studies show that this method of cloning tadpoles didn’t allow them to develop to the adult stage of life (Campbell). “The use of enucleated metaphase II oocytes as recipient cytoplasts proved more successful and in 1986 resulted in the production of live lambs using blastomeres from 8 to 16-cell stage embryos as nuclear donors,” says Campbell. This success in sheep was also used on other mammals such as cattle and swine. There were limitations to the technology. First, the “frequency development was very low”...
In the story, My Father’s Life, by Raymond Carver I learned Raymond Jr. shares many traits with his father. They both are alcoholics who can’t seem to settle anywhere they go. They both also share the name Raymond; Yet I don’t think Raymond Jr. likes it. Raymond Jr. also had a rocky relationship with his father. His father was always too involved with the struggles of life or too drunk to actually build a relationship with Raymond Jr. Despite all that is against him I believe Raymond Jr. wanted to connect with his father anyway he could.
Humans have always loved to mix and combine things weather it is for looks, tastes, and stories. These combinations have always been seen as an improvement until recently. Medical breakthroughs in the cloning industry have been raising more ethical questions than when it initially started. The main issue was playing God. The new issue now is where we draw the line. As of 2003 the first human-animal embryo was created in China at the Shanghai Second Medical University. The creation was a human-rabbit embryo. However the embryo was destroyed before stem cells and research could be collected and studied.
First, cloning has a long history dating back thousands of years, which has allowed the process of cloning to evolve to more complex organisms. Cloning was first experimented with different plant offspring (“Cloning” n.p.). The cloning process of plants in the past was very simple and only required parts of the plant such as roots, stems, and leaves to be cut and planted, which would grow into an exact copy of the initial plant (“Cloning” n.p.). In the 1950s, scientists were able to successfully clone frogs in a more complex manner by transferring the nucleus from a tadpole cell to a frog egg that had already had its nucleus (“Cloning” n.p.). Scientists later discovered that their cloning procedure was a success when the frog that grew from the egg experimented on had the same genetic makeup as the tadpole that donated a nucleus from one of its cells (“Cloning” n.p.). Dolly the sheep is the product of the first successful cloning of a mammal (“Cloning” n.p.). “In 1997 Scottish scientist Ian Wilmut and his colleagues announced the birth of a clone of an adult mammal” (“Cloning” n.p.). Dolly was created from a cell of a breast gland from an adult sheep was put in an embryo and placed inside a sheep able to give birth (“Cloning” n.p.). Dolly was born looking identical to the shee...