Sugarcane Production Essay

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Sugarcane is an important industrial crop for the tropical and subtropical region of the world. It is produced in more than 100 countries, with global production of 174 million tonnes sugar. It accounts for about 80 percent and sugarbeet for about 20 percent of total sugar produced (FAOSTAT, 2008). In 2010, 1,682 million metric tonnes (MT) of sugarcane were produced worldwide in a total area of 23.8 million hectares (ha). Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer, contributing with 40% of the world production (719 MT) followed by India (278 MT), China (111 MT), Thailand (68 MT), Pakistan (50 MT), Colombia (38.5 MT), Australia (31 MT), Argentina (30 MT), United States (27.5 MT), Indonesia (26.5 MT) and the Philippines (23 MT) (FAOSTAT, 2011). India rank second among the sugarcane growing countries of the world in both area and production. Globally it is cultivated over an area of 20.1 million hectare, with annual production of 1381.1 million tonnes and productivity of 65.5 tonnes per ha. In India sugarcane is cultivated over an area of 4.36 million ha, with an annual production of 281.8 million tonnes and productivity 64.6 tonnes per ha. Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamilnadu and Andhra Pradesh are the important sugarcane …show more content…

The cultures were maintained at 25±20C under 16 hr illumination of 4000 lux intensity. The results are presented in Table 1, it can be seen from the data that pH of the medium had significant effect not only on regeneration frequency but also on number of shoots developed in each culture. Maximum 62.5±4.7 percent cultures in CoS 98259 and 67.3±4.9 percent in CoS 767 developed shoots at pH 6.0 while regeneration frequency was the lowest at pH 5.6. An increase in pH form 6.0 to 6.2 and 6.4 reduced the frequency of shoot regeneration from the callus (Table

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