Software Patent/Copyright Issues in Peru
Software Patent/Copyright issues are a global concern. Information Technology developments in the last ten years have brought innovation in both Software and Hardware. The rise of the Internet and its users around the world is stretching the frontiers. But these advances in Information Technology came with the easy way to copy software illegally. My research will be focused on the laws that protect the intellectual property in Peru and their effect globally. I will analyze the issue from an ethical perspective in how these laws are right or wrong and my personal opinion for a solution of the problem from different approaches.
Peru and the Globalization
I left my country five years ago. When I came here I got my first computer. I didn’t buy one in Peru because I was scared that someone could steal it from my house. My cousin’s PC was stolen twice (each time a new PC) from her house. By 1992, after terrorism, the delinquency increased considerable in Lima, capital of Peru. A third world country faces different kinds of problems, but the top one is economical. The resources are limited and one of the most important tools for a country as for a private company is its investment in Research and Development to grow.
Software Patent/Copyright laws in Peru
INDECOPI
Peru has a government institute, the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property (INDECOPI). The following laws are exclusive for software:
Jurisprudence / Features
Features upon the use of computer programs (software)
1.It is allowed to use software brought from another country with the corresponding license, but cannot be commercialized without the authorization of the holder of the right of author.
The allowed user has the right to install the program on the hard disk for its effective use.
Every reproduction or utilization of software without having the corresponding license granted by the holder of the right of author or his representative is considered illicit and passive for sanction administrative and/or judicial.
The computers that sell itself with the software incorporated have to be delivered with the manual, respective licenses of use and backups containing the program.
The software cannot be utilized in a greater number of computers that the authorized in the respective license.
In the case of networks it is required to count the licenses for all the machines that utilize the software.
It is illicit to rent software without the authorization of the holder of the right of author.
Poor countries do not always have resources to fit the bill of education services for technology. “For children in poor countries, future connectivity promises new access to educational tools…” (Schmidt 227). “Physical classrooms will remain dilapidated; teachers will continue to take paychecks and not show up for class; and books and supplies will still be scarce” (Schmidt 227). A survey was done in 2012 about Ethiopia give out tablets fully loaded with educational information to poor country; it irresistibly gave poor students a wealth of knowledge where students could write and speak English (Schmidt 227-228). Inversely, the education of poor countries has hit all time low. The countries that do not have the finance to buy or create technology for classes is detrimental to the country growth. Technology must be available for everyone. The world is hindered from becoming a better place without technology being present in education. “Just imagine the implications of these burgeoning mobile or tablet-based learning platforms for a country like Afghanistan,
Paintball is quite a new sport and is becoming more and more popular. It has been around since 1982, but professional paintball teams have just recently come together in 2002. The rules of paintball are not very complicated and are very concise. The game is very entertaining to play. There are also plenty of different types of products used to play the game. It is the one of the only sports that I am interested in and I hope that someday it could become a more popular sport.
Taking a global perspective, one must keep in mind that the term “copyright” is not universally defined, accepted, or enforced. We must therefore use the term with the United State’s definition as a basis. However, absent U.S. law, we must also consider the creator’s intent as it relates to the distribution and use of his or her work. This exploration will lead us to a universal position – one that claims that the wide-scale, free exchange of Intellectual Property by means of P2P technology is unethical.
Intellectual property is an incredibly complicated facet of the law. In the United States, we have many laws in place to control and limit profiting from others intellectual property. The issue is not only profiting from others intellectual property, but not purchasing the property from the originator as well. We will discuss why it is important to protect this property as well as why it is tremendously difficult to regulate all these safe guards. “Intellectual Property has the shelf life of a banana.” Bill Gates
...ses. There is also a financial benefit of growing and selling pot, supports say it will help provide jobs, which in turn will help the economy. We need to look at the message we are sending out to young people. Supporters of marijuana will argue that, “It is the parents fault if kids have access to their pot or I don’t have children so this issues doesn’t apply to me”. My response, would be, “One day you will have children and how can you tell them not to use drugs when you voted for the legalization of marijuana for recreation use”.
An individual’s discipline strategies can have a big impact on the type of relationship one has with their child. The various approaches to discipline can even influence a child’s mood and temperament in adulthood.
obtain these license. This is freedom taken too lightly. Dilascio also stated in his overview article
Governments of some developing countries often express doubts about introducing strong international Intellectual Property Rights and legislation into their framework. Most developing countries will most often base their scientific research and economy on the employment of foreign basic technology imported from industrialized countries. Both of these areas can be negatively affected by IP protection that is too strong. Developed countries often don’t take into account that while strict regulations of Intellectual Property is, at times, necessary to protect copyright holders, that the same strict IP laws limit how developing countries can interact with them.
In conclusion, Paintball has gone through enormous changes throughout the time that it has been played. Paintball has grown a lot since when it was created and has turned into a professional sport. Paintball is also used to train our U.S troops and police officers! Paintball is now a much more safe sports and is changing the way people spend their spare time every weekend. Paintballs short history and ability to be used for military purposes could be keeping us safe today.
Playing paintball is a fun hobby. It is a great game for relinquishing stress and tension. The downside to paintball is that it is quite violent. Everyone should play paintball once in their life to fill the adrenaline rush and competitiveness of the game. Its like no other you will ever experience.
A Worldwide Problem Software piracy is defined as the illegal copying of software for commercial or personal gain. Software companies have tried many methods to prevent piracy, with varying degrees of success. Several agencies like the Software Publishers Association and the Business Software Alliance have been formed to combat both worldwide and domestic piracy. Software piracy is an unresolved, worldwide problem, costing millions of dollars in lost revenue. Software companies have used many different copy protection schemes. The most annoying form of copy protection is the use of a key disk. This type of copy protection requires the user to insert the original disk every time the program is run. It can be quite difficult to keep up with disks that are years old. The most common technique of copy protection requires the user to look up a word or phrase in the program's manual. This method is less annoying than other forms of copy protection, but it can be a nuisance having to locate the manual every time. Software pirates usually have no trouble "cracking" the program, which permanently removes the copy protection. After the invention of CD-ROM, which until lately was uncopyable, most software companies stopped placing copy protection in their programs. Instead, the companies are trying new methods of disc impression. 3M recently developed a new technology of disc impression which allows companies to imprint an image on the read side of a CD-ROM. This technology would not prevent pirates from copying the CD, but it would make a "bootleg" copy differ from the original and make the copy traceable by law enforcement officials (Estes 89). Sometimes, when a person uses a pirated program, there is a "virus" attached to the program. Viruses are self-replicating programs that, when activated, can damage a computer. These viruses are most commonly found on pirated computer games, placed there by some malignant computer programmer. In his January 1993 article, Chris O' Malley points out that if piracy was wiped out viruses would eventually disappear (O' Malley 60). There are ways that a thrifty consumer can save money on software without resorting to piracy. Computer companies often offer discounts on new software if a person has previously purchased an earlier version of the software. Competition between companies also drives prices low and keeps the number of pirated copies down (Morgan 45). People eventually tire or outgrow their software and decide to sell it.
Software piracy is a complicated issue with no simple solutions or simple causes. First we’ll try to explain the reason why people might commit software piracy, and then we’ll attempt to explore how they might rationalize there actions.
Childhood discipline is a very important task to do as a parent or parent figure. Childhood discipline needs to be done for these three reasons, to get your child to respect you and for you to respect your child, make your child understand what they did wrong, and make your child realize no matter how old they are you will still discipline them. Disciplining your child is fundamental to the parent-child dynamic. Discipline is about choices and consequences. When getting disciplined your children learn how to be honest, responsible, kind, and sharing people. While they follow the rules set in place by their parents, they have
copyrighted software by a person or entity that has not been licensed to use the
It's important to understand the different software piracy channels, not just to comply with the law but also to protect against bigger economic problems like lost revenue...and lost jobs.