Software And System Software

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Software consists of computer programs , which are sequences of instructions for the computer. The process of writing (or coding ) programs is called programming , and who perform this task are called programmers. The computer can’ t do anything until it is instructed by software. Although computer hardware is, by design, general purpose, platform that enables the user to instruct a computer system to perform various functions that fulfil the needs. Software is a collection of programs or sequence of instructions given for changing the state of the computer hardware in a certain manner..

15.2.1 System Software
Systems software is the class of programs that control and support the computer system and its information-processing activities. Systems software also facilitates the programming, testing, and debugging of computer programs. It is much more powerful or efficient as compared to application programs and is usually independent of any type required applications
Systems software programs helps to support application softwares which runs on it by the user directions. For example, when the computer is turned on, the initialization system program (an Operating systems program) prepares and readies all devices for processing.

15.3 System Control Programs
System control programs helps to control the actvities of the hardware, software, and various data re-sources of a computer system. The main system control program is the operating system. The operating system checks the overall operation of the computer, including monitoring or checks the computer’s status and scheduling operations, which include the input and output processes. In addition, the operating system allocates CPU the required time and main memory for programs...

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...ts into concurrent or simultaneous processing with one CPU.

15.3.4 Virtual memory
Virtual memory distribute the whole application program or a module into fixed-length portions called pages. Virtual memory create more main memory than actually exists in the computer system. It allows a program to behave as if it had access to the full storage capacity of a computer, rather than just access to the amount of primary storage installed on the computer. The system executes some pages of in-structions while pulling others from secondary storage. In effect, primary storage is extended into a secondary storage device, allowing users to write programs as if pri-mary storage were larger than it actually is. This enlarged capability boosts the speed of the computer and allows it to efficiently run programs with very large numbers of instructions.

15.3.5 Fault tolerance

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