This project is focusing on the shape of silver nanoparticles and the aspect ratio of silver nanowires for the control of their absorption spectrum in the visible light to infrared ranges. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles has become increasingly important in science and engineering. Being able to control the processes is vital to success in applications and uncovering the mechanisms of nanoparticle production. Nanowires are one of the varieties of nanoparticles that will be utilized for this project. There are many different metals that can be used to synthesize nanowires, I am focusing on silver. Silver exhibits the highest thermal conductivity out of all metals (Sun, 2001). Silver nanowires with a large aspect ratio also show an absorbance of higher wavelengths then other nanoparticles, like spherical silver nanoparticles (Sun, 2001). Other silver particles that exhibit similar characteristics and show a higher wavelength absorbance will be considered as well. Controlling reaction conditions allow plasmonic, oscillatory quantum motion, colloids to obtain architecturally predictable nanostructures and can be used to understand their optical properties (Motl, 2013). There are many shapes that nanoparticles can take up. Each shape, on the nanoscale shows different properties that can be utilized, such as conductivity, anisotropy, and, what I am interested in, absorbance of light.
I have used the work that Jana et al. conducted regarding a batch process synthesis of silver nanowires as a basis for generation of our silver nanowires. I will use a solution based process that is cost effective, quick, and easy to control for the uniform synthesis of silver nanowires and other silver nanoparticles. Microreactor-assisted nanomaterial de...
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References
Choi, C. H. (2013). Synthesis of colloidal metal oxide nanocrystals and nanostructured surfaces using a continuous flow microreactor system and their applications in two-phase boiling heat transfer.
Jana, N. R., Gearheart, L., & Murphy, C. J. (2001). Wet chemical synthesis of silver nanorods and nanowires of controllable aspect ratio Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: UV–VIS spectra of silver nanorods. See http://www. rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b1/b100521i. Chemical Communications, (7), 617-618.
Motl, N. E., Smith, A. F., DeSantis, C. J., & Skrabalak, S. E. (2014). Engineering plasmonic metal colloids through composition and structural design. Chemical Society Reviews.
Sun, Y., Gates, B., Mayers, B., & Xia, Y. (2002). Crystalline silver nanowires by soft solution processing. Nano Letters, 2(2), 165-168.
Nano-thermal analysis methods are also known as micro-thermal procedures and they use the principle of characterizing highly localized materials on a micrometer. The characterization is then changed from a micrometer scale to a sub-micrometer scale with the temperature being regulated to the specified units. The application of nano-thermal analysis methods started towards the end of the 20th century. Although it has been applied in several other fields including microelectronics, its application in pharmaceuticals has not been that popular.
Colloidal silver is particles of silver broken down or mixed into liquid. In the early 20th, ,century colloidal silver or as it is more popularly known “silver water” was marketed as a cure for tumors; now in alternative medicine it is referenced as a cure all with healing properties.
Native Silver, or more commonly know as just “silver,” is a mineral that is created from the element silver (also called Argentum; abbreviated on the periodic table as Ag). It is seldom found as a native element mineral. Instead, it has tendencies to mix together with other minerals such as quartz, gold, and copper.1 11 Silver is actually not really reactive. It is even considered one of the “noblest” of the transition metals, noblest meaning “least chemically reactive.”5 In fact, it is used in many dishes as a fancy garnish that is able (and sometimes meant) to be eaten. Native silver also has one of the highest conductivity rates, both electrical and thermal, of metals. Because of this property, it is used in many electronic circuits as a thin coating.5 Due to its shiny, lustrous quality, native silver is also used for jewelry, decorations, and ornaments.
Alford, Terry L., L. C. Feldman, and James W. Mayer. Fundamentals of Nanoscale Film Analysis. New York: Springer, 2007. Print.
The average mass of silver is 107. 8682 grams per mole. It has 47 electrons which arrange in electron configuration [Kr]5s14d10. The density of silver is 10.501 grams per cubic centimeter. It appears in soft and ductile solid form at room temperature.
If soap and water don't work, and you are feeling a bit brave, you can make homemade cleaners that work well on silver. These cleaners include making combinations out of baking soda and water, as well as ones made of olive oil and lemon juice. This not only can clean your silver, but leave it smelling lemony fresh!
Nanoparticles present a high surface area to volume ratio with decrease in the size of the particles. Specific surface area is relevant to catalytic activity and other related properties such as the antimicrobial activity (Bae et al., 2010). As the specific surface area of nanoparticles is increased, their biological effectiveness will also increase on the count of a rise in surface area (Mukunthan et al., 2011). Nanoparticles of noble metals, such as silver, gold and platinum are widely applied in products that directly come in contact with human body, such as shampoos, soaps, detergents, shoes, cosmetic products and toothpaste, besides medical and pharmaceutical applications (Mukunthan et al., 2011).
The main purpose of green nanotechnology has been to develop clean technologies that would minimize potential human and environmental health risk. Also, to encourage replacement of existing products with the clean technologies that is more environmentally friendly. There are many benefits of using green nanotechnologies as the new solution for energy in both their current availability and their current development. Over the new few decades, the highest growth opportunities will come from application of nanomaterials for making better use of existing resources. Nanotechnologies will help reduce weight of carbon emission in transportation utilizing nanocomposite materials that quickly diffuses across the automotive and aerospace industries. Applications of nanotechnologies will result in a global annual savings of 8000 tons of carbon dioxide, which will rise even further to over millions tons by 2020. But, let’s focus on the positive effects of Green Nanotechnology in Solar.
Semiconductors and many metals show fat changes in optical assets such as color, as a task of element size.
Many main technological innovations in the 21st century is expected to be based on nanotechnology (Mukunthan et al., 2011). It is a rapidly growing multidisciplinary field which includes many branches of science like physics, chemical engineering, super molecular chemistry, mechanical engineering, material sciences, biotechnology and medicine (Dondaa et al., 2013). Bio nanotechnology integrates biotechnology and nanotechnology for developing biosynthetic and environmental-friendly technology for synthesis of nanomaterials (Kudle et al., 2013).
The reduction of silver ions was observed using spectroscopic analysis by measuring the spectral wave length change and observed a peak at 430nm. The spectrum produced due to the bioreduction of silver ions and its Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at room temperature was observed using Thermo UV10 Spectrophotometer at a band width of 1nm.
I have chosen nanotechnology as my topic area of choice from the food innovation module.
The sol–gel method allows the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles with different morphologies like sheets, tubes, particles, wires, rods, mesoporous and aerogels. The sol–gel method is also used due to the easy technique, low price, the purity of oxides obtained and the lower synthesis temperatures.
In the 1970s, scientists discovered the SERS phenomenon, in which pyridine molecules were absorbed onto a roughened silver surface, resulting in a significant enhancement of the Raman signals [2]. It was found that SERS can enhance the scattering effect markedly, even up to 1014 times the common Raman signal [3], which overcame the low sensitivity of the common Raman technique. The enhancement is mainly owing to the amplification of the light resulting from the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances
Silver nanoparticles has been shown huge variations in its property from the macro scale, it’s one of the most studied nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles has been