The Element: Silver
Xiaoying Wu
Chemistry 101-360
Dr. Hoenigman
November 16, 2017
The Element: Silver
Silver, elemental symbol Ag, is a transition d-block metal located in the period 5, group 11. According to the Jefferson National Linear Accelerator Laboratory, it is the best conductor of electricity and heat of all metals. Pure silver has a white metallic color and slightly harder than gold. It exhibits the stabilization in pure air and water. Compounds containing silver can be found everywhere in our daily life, and it has been used since prehistoric time. Because of its high reflectivity, people often use silver in jewelry, accessory, and decoration. It can be easily taken care of even it tarnishes and turns
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The average mass of silver is 107. 8682 grams per mole. It has 47 electrons which arrange in electron configuration [Kr]5s14d10. The density of silver is 10.501 grams per cubic centimeter. It appears in soft and ductile solid form at room temperature. The melting point of silver is 961.78 degrees Celsius, and the boiling point is 2162 degrees Celsius. It is proved that silver has the lowest contact resistance of any metals. Similar to copper, silver can reacts with sulfur and its compounds. When silver exposures to air, it will tarnish slowly "as sulfur compounds react with the surface, forming black,silver sulfide" ("Silver - Element information, properties and uses"). In order to remain its brightness, it needs periodic polishing to remove silver sulfide. There are 38 isotopes are known, but the most common naturally occurring forms of silver are Ag-107 and Ag-109 with almost equal abundance. Other than argentite (Ag2S) and horn silver (AgCl), the main sources for extracting silver are "Lead, lead-zinc, copper, copper-nickel, and gold …show more content…
It has numerous methods of applications due to its special qualities. Because of its looking, silver has been widely used for products that requires good appearance. Pure silver is too soft to maintain the shape of a product. To solve this problem, sterling silver, "an alloy of 92.5 percent silver and 7.5 percent copper" is often used instead to produce high quality tableware and jewelry (Pappas). The ductility of silver also helps to create delicate and detailed designs. As its reflectivity of visible light, silver can be used to make mirrors. One of the distinct drawback is that it does tarnishes after a period of time. The compound, silver nitrate, plays a big role in the photographic industry. Almost 30 percent of silver produced is used for photographic purposes. Silver is also used in solders, dental alloys, electrical contacts, brazing, printed circuits, and batteries
Aluminum is the third most abundant element and most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust. Aluminum is never found in the free element state in nature. It
Silver has always been around but it wasn't until the 1500's to the mid 1700's that the
Alloys in the ornament manufacturing are a general use of gold. Because of it is...
It has a molar volume of 9.38 ×10-6 m3/mol. Molybdenum has an atomic weight of 95.94 amu. Its atomic number is 42. The atomic radius is 145 pm and the covalent radius is 145 pm also. Its electron configuration is [Kr]4d^5 5s^1.
In this lab report, several methods of displaying this information will be applied. Synthesis 1. A piece of magnesium was obtained at about two centimeters in length. The strip is thin and easily bent or twisted. It had a metallic surface and was brittle. It is silver in color.
Arsenic is element 33 on the periodic table and is in Group 15. Arsenic is obviously an extremely poisonous element; however, some people have found arsenic to have a restorative effect on them. Chemically, arsenic is a metalloid. Two common forms of arsenic are gray and yellow. (see Figure 1-A) Element 33 has an atomic weight of 74.9216 and the chemical symbol of As. It boils at 613ºC, melts at 817ºC, and has a density of 5.72. (see Figure 2-A) The element has been known for centuries and can be easily obtained from ores such as arsenopyrite (FeAsS), realgar (As2S2), orpiment (As2S3), and arsenic trioxide (As2O3). There are many uses for arsenic. Among them is in the manufacturing of glass to eliminate the air bubbles and the green color caused by contaminated iron compounds. Arsenic is also added to materials such as lead and copper alloys to increase the strength and better the corrosion resistance. Although it is well known that arsenic is often used in tales (both true and otherwise) as a killing agent, arsenic has been used as a curative as well. Before penicillin was introduced, arsenic played a significant role in the treatment of syphilis. Other good uses for element 33 are as insecticides and semiconductors. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a known semiconductor that is also used as a laser material. A good test for the detection of arsenic is the Marsh test, invented by James Marsh, an English chemist.
Native Silver, or more commonly know as just “silver,” is a mineral that is created from the element silver (also called Argentum; abbreviated on the periodic table as Ag). It is seldom found as a native element mineral. Instead, it has tendencies to mix together with other minerals such as quartz, gold, and copper.1 11 Silver is actually not really reactive. It is even considered one of the “noblest” of the transition metals, noblest meaning “least chemically reactive.”5 In fact, it is used in many dishes as a fancy garnish that is able (and sometimes meant) to be eaten. Native silver also has one of the highest conductivity rates, both electrical and thermal, of metals. Because of this property, it is used in many electronic circuits as a thin coating.5 Due to its shiny, lustrous quality, native silver is also used for jewelry, decorations, and ornaments.
Silver has been used since prehistoric times and it has and still plays an important role today. We do not know which person discovered it, but what we do know is that the Ancients discovered it. Silver has a special place in the history of the elements because it is one of the first five metals used and discovered by humans. The other four elements that were used and discovered by humans were gold, copper, lead, and iron. Silver objects from before
Gallium is a metal that was discovered in 1875 by Paul Emile Lecoq De Boisbaudren and is a “byproduct of the manufacture of aluminum” (“Gallium.” Web). Gallium has a low melting point of 29.76°c which is just slightly above room temperature. But even with an unusually low melting temperature, gallium has a very high boiling point of 2204°c. “Gallium expands by 3.1% when it solidifies” (“Gallium.” Avalon). Gallium was an element that was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev and it “Validated his periodic table of elements” (“Gallium.” Avalon). When in solid form, Gallium has a Silver and reflective appearance.
Aluminum is a lightweight, silvery metal. The atomic weight of aluminum is 26.9815; the element melts at 660° C (1220° F), boils at 2467° C (4473° F), and has a specific gravity of 2.7. Aluminum is a strongly electropositive metal and extremely reactive. In contact with air, aluminum rapidly becomes covered with a tough, transparent layer of aluminum oxide that resists further corrosive action. For this reason, materials made of aluminum do not tarnish or rust. The metal reduces many other metallic compounds to their base metals. For example, when thermite (a mixture of powdered iron oxide and aluminum) is heated, the aluminum rapidly removes the oxygen from the iron; the heat of the reaction is sufficient to melt the iron. This phenomenon is used in the thermite process for welding iron .
Gold contains several properties that are visible through the human eye. It is these properties that will greatly differentiate gold from other existing elements in the earth. These physical properties make gold unique. The element gold is yellow in color. It is actually a very bright yellow color. When it comes to its luster, gold is
As one of the most easily recognizable elements on the periodic table, Silver is not only one of the worlds first discovered elements, but it is also quite important. It has estimated to have been around since 3000 BC, where it was first mined in what is now known as Turkey. Silver, whose name was derived from the AngloSaxon word seolfor, has an atomic mass of about 107.9, its symbol is Ag (derived from the Latin word for silver, argentum), and it is the best conductor out of all the metals on the periodic table. It has quite the production history, too. When silver was first discovered in Anatolia (modernday Turkey), it was a valuable resource for the nearby civilizations.
There are many different types of alloys; some are so common that they carry on a life beyond their metal bases. For example, 65-90% of copper mixed with 10-35% of zinc create the well known alloy brass, which provides increased resistance to corrosion in things like instruments and