Essay On Nanotechnology

2.1 NANOTECHNOLOGY:

Many main technological innovations in the 21st century is expected to be based on nanotechnology (Mukunthan et al., 2011). It is a rapidly growing multidisciplinary field which includes many branches of science like physics, chemical engineering, super molecular chemistry, mechanical engineering, material sciences, biotechnology and medicine (Dondaa et al., 2013). Bio nanotechnology integrates biotechnology and nanotechnology for developing biosynthetic and environmental-friendly technology for synthesis of nanomaterials (Kudle et al., 2013).

2.2 NANOPARTICLES:

Nanoparticles have got considerable attention globally in recent years due to their wide range of applications in many fields like pharmaceutical applications environmental pollution control, catalysis, biological tagging, drug delivery

Silver nanoparticles play a tremendous role in the field of biological system, living organisms and medicine when compared with the other four nanoparticles mentioned above (Gurunathan et al., 2009). Among all these applications many attempts are made to use silver nanoparticles as an anti-cancer agent and they have all turned up positive. (Sulaiman et al., 2013).

Silver, gold and platinum are nobel metals whose nanoparticles are widely applied in products that directly come in contact with the human body through soaps, shampoos, detergents, toothpaste, cosmetic products and shoes, besides medical and pharmaceutical applications (Mukunthan et al., 2011).

There are various choice for the biological synthesis of nanoparticles. For example synthesis of particles using microorganisms, fungus, enzymes and plants have been suggested as alternatives for chemical and physical methods. At times it is advantageous to synthesis nanoparticles using plants or parts of plants over other biological processes (Ponarulselvam et al., 2012).

2.4 APPLICATION OF