Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disorder that can clog blood flow. The symptoms for the SCD vary from mild to severe depending on which type of sickle cell disease a person has. Most infants will not show symptoms until they are 5-6 months of age. Some of the early symptoms that a child can get are painful swelling of hands or feet, fatigue, jaundice or icteris. Infants before eight weeks old are to have their first SCD screening. It is best do it that early because complications can be prevented with an early diagnosis and treatment. A more common and severe sickle cell disease that a child can inherit from a parent is called the hemoglobin SS disease, also know as sickle cell anemia. People with this disease do not
Under hypoxic conditions, the abnormal hemoglobin start to change shape. They become sickled, stiff, and have greater difficulty moving though the blood vessels. As a result they begin to stick together and eventually block the tissues from receiving nutrients and oxygen. This causes the tissue to become infarcted and leads to pain. In a hypoxic states the cells are forced to make energy also known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) without oxygen. This is called anaerobic glycolysis and results in the production of lactic acid as a byproduct (citation). The presence of lactic acid lowers the pH of the environment, the cells must recycle lactic acid back into the cells, and ATP production is significantly slowed. The cells
1. Sickle Cell Disease is life-threatening and has a risk of of causing depression. In this study I examine the experiences that Sickle Cell patients go through specifically at emergency healthcare facilities to find out if there are any negative stigmatizations surrounding this disease. There may be judgments that are made about these patients from healthcare professionals when they seek drugs for their pain relief that may cause the stigmatization to occur. I will also investigate why individuals that have Sickle Cell Disease experience longer waiting times at emergency healthcare facilities and the lack of control they may have over their care regime.
Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders that affects the blood, specifically, a molecule called hemoglobin in red blood cells (“sickle cell disease”, 2016). Hemoglobin is a molecule that facilitates the delivery of oxygen throughout the body (“sickle cell disease”, 2016). A mutant form of the hemoglobin molecule causes red blood cells to become crescent shaped or “sickled shaped” (Lonergan et. al. 2001). This distorted shape of red blood cells causes rigidity of the blood cells and vaso-occulusion (or the blood vessels to become clogged) (Rees et.al., 2010). This often leads to a low number of red blood cells (anemia), repeated infections and episodes of pain that are periodic (“Sickle cell disease”, 2016). Although sickle cell disease
What is Sickle cell disease? Sickle cell affects a disease; that disease is called which affects the hemoglobin when the red blood cells that send oxygen through the body are killed off and weakened. Sickle cells can be found in every 1 and 1000 African Americans, it is affecting about 70,000 to 80,000 Americans in the United States. Sickle cell is a death threatening disease, and the severity of symptoms can vary from person to person (Sickle cell disease (SCD), 2015). Some people have light conditions, but others can have severe conditions, which, mean they could be hospitalized. Characteristics of this disease are caused by a minimum of low blood cells, which is called anemia.
The name of this patient is Davon; he is a five-year-old African-American male whom just moved from Chicago. The patient was visiting his pediatrician for a physical to enter kindergarten. The patient mother gave her history about confirming that she has the sickle cell trait and would like to know if her son is also a carrier for sickle cell. ("Sickle Cell Disease", 2015) “Sickle cell trait inherited from both hemoglobin A and S, in the red blood cells”. Those with this disease are still capable of having a healthy life. For instance, if one parent has sickle cell trait, and the other parent does not will only lead to the child having sickle cell trait or nothing. If both parents have the trait, then the child will genetically develop sickle cell disease inside the mother’s womb. Sickle cell trait is a transmitted disease that travels through the red blood cells. The symptoms of sickle cell trait is that when the skin gets pale, always cold, or even tired then that is a sign of having this disease. The patient cannot prevent this disease, due to this is something that is passed on from the womb and birth. Daily doses of penicillin can control the infection; on the other hand, it is not preventable. The only way to make sure that it does not get worse is the person must eat foods with high iron and even
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that mostly affects people of African ancestry, but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia. And about 2 million Americans - and one in 12 African Americans - have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, but do not have the disease itself).
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder that makes your body produce red blood cells that are abnormal in shape. This disease is also widely known as hemoglobin SS disease. Unlike normal red blood cells, sickle cells are rigid and tenacious. Due to their shape and rigidness, they can block blood flow. In turn, this could cause organ damage to the body. Sickle cells are also fragile and die very easily due to the fact sickle cells have a lifespan of twenty days instead of the normal one hundred and twenty days for normal red blood cells.This causes the body to have a lower blood cell count, hence the name anemia in sickle cell anemia.
“In the United States, it's estimated that sickle cell anemia affects 70,000–100,000 people, mainly African Americans” (NHLBI, NIH, Who is at risk for sickle cell anemia). SCD is a disease that is a serious disorder in which the body can make normal blood cells and sickle shape cells. Sickle shape cells can block the blood flow in your vessels and cause pain or organ damage also put you in risk for infections. SCD has no cure available but there are many treatments out there to deal with the complications of it. From over years treatments did get better from way back in the day doctors have learned. Sickle cell disease has lack of attention and funding because it’s only affecting African American the most.
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease of red blood cells. Normally red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin A, which carries oxygen to all the organs in the body. With sickle cell anemia, however, the body makes a different kind of protein, called hemoglobin S.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder. For a person to have sickle cell anemia they must have received two copies of the gene, one from each parent. A person with the sickle cell trait only received one sickle cell gene and a normal hemoglobin gene. People who have the sickle cell trait do not develop sickle cell anemia however they can pass the deformed gene on to their children. People with just the trait do not face the complications caused by the disorder.
Sickle cell disease is an inherited disease where the red blood cells in the body are produced abnormally by bone marrow as crescent shaped red blood cells. Unlike normal red blood cells, sickle shaped cells are unable to deliver much oxygen to other parts of the body due to the abnormal hemoglobin. Sickle cell’s are stiff and sticky and tend to clump together between blood vessels that can cause pain, damage to the organs, and infections. If a child inherits this disease they can be healthy throughout their life or need special care. “In the United States, SCD is most common among blacks and Hispanics. SCD affects about 1 in 500 black births and about 1 in 36,000 Hispanic births in this country. SCD is also common among people with family from Africa, the Caribbean, Greece, India, Italy, Malta, Sardinia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey or South or Central America (March of Dimes)”.
Sickle cell anemia is a disease that has to be inherited from both parents. Both parents have sickle cell trait, which means each parent has sickle hemoglobin and normal hemoglobin. So people with the sickle cell trait can pass the sickle cell gene to their children. Most families that come from Africa, South Central, and Central America are more common with sickle cell anemia. According to National Heart, Lung and Blood, it’s estimated that the sickle cell disease has affected 70,000-100,000 people mainly African Americans (National Institute of Health, 2012). Hispanic Americans also are common to having sickle cell anemia. According to National heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, statistics shows sickle cell anemia occurs in about 1 out of every 500 African American births and 1 out of 36,000 Hispanic American births (National Institute of Health, 2012). Signs of sickle cell anemia don’t show until after 4 months of age. Sickle cell anemia begins from ...
Sickle cell anemia hurts many people today in fact it hurts about 72,000 Americans. But some doctors are finding cures for this inherited disease. This disease causes mainly strokes and fever. With this disease a stroke is not predictable, a stroke can happen as early as a one month old as a baby. It can hurt a person really bad because it causes them to not be able to do many things like can't play sports, and things that gets your heart pumping because if the red blood cells gets clogged up it can causes a stroke because oxygen can't flow. Most Americans who have sickle cell anemia are of African descent. The disease also affects Americans from the Caribbean, Central America, and parts of South America, Turkey, Greece, Italy, the Middle East and East India. Since sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease if both parents have the trait for sickle cell, their baby's chances of having sickle cell disease is one in four.
Sickle Cell Anemia is an inherited blood disorder that is extremely challenging to live with. Its symptoms are many, with the most prominent being severe pain that can become unbearable to the point where hospitalization is required. Because sickle cell is a genetic disorder, a person is born with it and it is usually permanent. Unfortunately, there are risks and complications associated with this disease. However there are various treatment options for a patient with sickle cell and also support to help people understand and cope with this challenging disease.
Variation in body shapes and sizes, skin color, and the sickle-cell allele, are traits that have been shaped as adaptations by evolutionary forces. Adaptations by evolutionary forces are adaptive traits an organism acquires through long-term natural selection. Adaptive traits are usually physical characteristics or behaviors that allow an organism to live and reproduce in its environment. In other words, traits from natural selection to improve an organism’s fitness. Although adaptive traits are a result of natural selection, it has its cost.