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Self reflection in psychology
Theoretical perspectives of self reflection
Stress affects health
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Amy was a recently graduated psychologist who had just opened up a new practice. John, her friend since grade school, calls her up in the middle of the night. It was immediately apparent that he was in distress and he tells her that he needs someone to talk to. He begins to confide in her about how his life has gone downhill lately, at first losing his employment and then his house. This increase in stress has also led to marital problems because he has been taking it out on his wife and it has turned into physical fights. His wife has now left him and he has become really depressed even having thoughts of hurting himself sometimes. Throughout the call, Amy listens to him and empathizes with his situation. The y spoke on the phone for three …show more content…
It is important for her to engage in this self-reflection in order to increase the probability that her choice of action will benefit and not harm John. Her personal values and self-interest can affect the questions she asks, how she asks them, assumptions she makes and what she observes or fails to observe. Multiple relationships create a conflict of interest situation, which often leads to a distorted judgment and can motivate a psychologist to act in a way that promotes their own personal interests. We, as humans, have a capacity to deceive ourself, especially when given a reason to rationalize. But above all, the client’s well-being must be the main focus of the therapy, not the psychologist’s. If Amy feels that this dual role with her client will make it difficult to remain objective, competent or effective; then the relationship should be avoided. She may also be concerned about sharing her own information, the way she normally would with another client that was not engaged in her inner circle. Amy would not be just observing John’s life, because she is actively engaged in it. It could risk a total collapse of both
The narrator introduces the character John as an authoritative figure, in that he is both her husband and her physician, which makes for a bad combination. His treatment of her so called a “ temporary nervous depression” is an underlining subdues to control her. John believes his methods of treatment are so sure work that he has on her on a set schedule. Gillman writes “So I take phosphates or phosphites ---whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to “work” until I am well again. His treat of her condition is that of a child as if say the she is not capable of taking care of one’s...
There is a pressing need for a high level of worker/client boundary identification when working within a client population, however realizing a conflict of interest scenario is vitally important when facing a dual relationship with a client. There are so many issues that are faced by a human service professional, explaining all of them may be difficult. In this field there are issues such as burnout, secondary trauma, compassion satisfaction, dual relationships, and boundary issues. (Reamer, F. (2012). As human services professional or social workers there is a code of ethics. In statement 6 of the code of ethics, it states human services experts must be mindful that in their associations with customers/clients power and status are unequal. Accordingly they distinguish that double or various relationships might build the danger of damage to, or abuse of, customers, and may debilitate their expert judgment. In any case, in a few neighborhoods and circumstances it may not be achievable to escape social or other nonprofessional contact with customers. Human service professional experts...
Therapist shall not enter into a therapeutic relationship with a client where there is undue influence to the detriment of the client or where there is a risk of exploitation or impaired judgment by the therapist. Therapist shall be especially sensitive to conflicts of interest that may arise from dual relationships during or immediately before or after a therapeutic relationship (p. 4)
The narrator, speaking out against her husband states, “He says no one but myself can help me out of it, that I must use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me.” This demonstrates how John is not treating his wife for anything. He simply doesn’t believe there is a problem. This is one of her major motivations for keeping a journal; she thinks it helps her because she is afraid to speak out against her husband. Every time she thinks about writing in the journal, she relates how tired it makes her. Throughout the story, John speaks out against her writing, because he feels that it contributes to her depression but she writes anyway, feeling that she is getting away with something. John treats her as if she were ill not depressed. John being a physician, not a psychologist, prescribes her medication that is for someone who is physically ill, not experiencing psychological distress. The journal becomes an outlet for her true feelings that she believes would get her incarcerated if anyone else heard them. When she writes she states, “I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me. But I find I get pretty tired when I try.” Her husband who believes that her writing is contributing to her illness opposes this idea while not radical.
In a national survey exploring the significant ethical challenges and dilemmas faced by helping professionals, respondents ranked “blurred, dual or conflictual relationships” among the most difficult to navigate in their day to day practice (Barnett, Et Al., p. 401). Dual relationships, also commonly referred to as multiple or nonprofessional relationships, are defined in the American Psychological Association’s ethics code as “ones in which a practitioner is in a professional role with a person in addition to another role with the same individual, or with another person who is close to that individual” (Corey, Corey & Callahan, p. 268). While any relationship occurring simultaneous to the therapeutic one has the potential to be harmful, the only relationships extensively studied in this regard have been those of a sexual nature. Most agree that such sexual relationships are unethical, resulting in boundary violations that are both harmful and exploitative to the client. Both ethical and legal ramifications exist to address this issue including revocation of one’s license to practice and both criminal and civil sanctions.
...f dual relationship there was also a possibility of the client becoming dependant on the therapist which could be seen as unethical by the BACP (2010).
Both the narrator and John undergo an essential change. The narrator begins the story as a woman who is somewhat mentally distraught. Throughout the story you can see her become different through her thoughts and actions. By the end of the story she has become clinically insane and is in desperate need for help. John on the other hand does not come to the realization that at the beginning of the story, the narrator has some issues that have to be dealt with and he just ignores them for the most part. Finally at the end of the story he comes to the realization that in fact, his wife is nuts.
Amy and her husband, Nick, appear to have a wonderful marriage. Right from the start, it is obvious that they both truly love each other. Life has a terribly way of testing this love, and working to see just how hard one will go to secure it. Regardless of falling upon hard times, they did not allow this to hinder their relationship. Both were unemployed due to the recession, but they still had each other. That was enough for the time being, but it would not always be sufficient. Amy’s started to form worry towards the relationship when she was forced to move from her home to Missouri. Nick’s mother had become ill with breast cancer, and they moved back to his home to be closer to the family. Watching a loved one die from a terminal illness is enough to hinder any relationship.
Perhaps the most dangerous thing a therapist can do with their client is to establish some sort of dual relationship. Essentially, a dual relationship is born through multiple roles between that of a client and a therapist (Zur 2014). These various roles can be seen through the lens of business, sexual connection, friendship, communal and even on an online setting. While not all dual relationships are necessarily bad, the clear majority can crush the trust or will to change that the client has. Dual relationships can demolish years of work that both the client and psychotherapist have worked so hard to obtain.
A dual or multiple relationship is one in which a relationship between two or more people involves more than one type of relationship. Zur (2015) notes that, in psychotherapy, dual or multiple relationships refer to “any situation where multiple roles exist between a therapist and a client. Examples of dual relationships are when the client is also a student, friend, family member, employee, or business associate of the therapist.” In the situation of a client/provider-counselor, if the only relationship the two have involves counseling, there is only one relationship between the two and it is a professional one. While dual relationships may or may not be problematic, there is an increased potential for problems. One problem noted by Zur (2007) with a dual relationship between a client and a counselor is a power differential. Clients seek assistance from counselors for issues they are facing. In their
According to Syne (2006), a dual relationship occurs when people take on multiple roles in their relationships with other people. While dual relationships exists in many different aspects of our society, dual relationships between a client and counselor bring a host of challenges and opportunities for the client and counselor from an ethical standpoint. Nigro and Uhlemann (2004) explain that because of the challenges presented by dual relationships, many counselors work to avoid and prohibit them. But from an ethical standpoint, such relationships do not always negatively impact clients. As a result, dual relationships tend to be one of the top ethical dilemmas reported by therapists.
Dual relationships can be a major ethical issue in group counseling, as well. According to Moleski (2005), “A dual or a multiple relationship exists whenever a counselor has other connections with a client in addition or in succession to the counselor–client relationship. “This may involve assuming more than one professional role (such as instructor and therapist) or blending professional and nonprofessional relationships (such as a counselor and friend or counselor and business partner)” (Corey, Corey, & Callanan, 1998, p. 225)” (p.3).
By then, Amy had met her soon-to-be husband, Nick. Nick had gone to the dinner party with Amy to celebrate her parent’s book release, the party was a staged engagement party for Amazing Amy, in which he posed as a reporter while she was being interviewed and asked her to marry him. Fast forward five years later and their marriage is falling apart. The recession left Nick who was once a successful writer for a men’s magazine jobless. Nick’s mother at the time was dying, and so he moved Amy and himself to rural Missouri to be able to take care of her. Included in her explanation of all the ways that Nick failed her as a husband, his cheating was the tipping point for her. Watching him take his much younger, once his student, mistress on the same date he took Amy on years prior set off her agenda in ruining his
Amy cries, “Don’t, don’t, don’t, don’t” when her husband begins to speak about the dead child, and this does back up the idea that she is unable to reconcile reality with her emotions (Frost 30). They also explain the realistic grasp the husband has on this situation when they say, “ ‘The little graveyard where my people are! /So small the window frames the whole of it.’ At the present, the things of the past are condensed into a mere window to the past” (Hanif, Jamil, and Mahmood 10). The husband establishes himself as a more practical and realistic character when he is identified as a farmer and is shown doing the necessary steps to bury the dead child. As a character that is so realistic the husband cannot understand why Amy, the wife, is so distraught so long after the funeral. Amy believes him to be unable to understand when Frost writes, “She let him look, sure that he wouldn’t see” (Frost 15). The practicality of the husband makes Amy feel like she is unable to share her sorrows with him. Through these explanations of the characters Hanif, Jamil, and Mahmood effectively show how the husband and wife’s relationship is quite strained as they write, “According to his husband’s point of view the
Writing a self-reflection is never an easy task for me, because I do not like to talk about myself. They are multiple reasons behind this behaviour, one can argue that it might has to do with a low self-esteem, but that will be a simplistic explanation without the necessary background information to make an in-depth analysis of this behaviour.