Purpose: The overall purpose of this lab was to demonstrate how the salt concentration in water affects the germination of seeds and how it affects the seeds while they attempt to grow and sprout into grass.
Hypothesis: If different amounts of salt water is added to 6 seeds, then the container of dirt with the water with the lowest concentration of salt will have the most seeds germinated and the tallest blades of grass.
Variables and Controls:
IV: Salt concentration of the solution
DV1= Number of seeds germinated
DV2= Height of the grass
Control= The container with just water and no additional salt
Constants= Type of seeds, type of water, type of dirt, types of salt, amount of solution added, the balance, and beakers
Materials:
Grass seeds
Paper towels
Salts
Water
Equipment:
Ruler
Balances
Tweezers
Petri dishes
Graduated Cylinders
Test tubes
Procedure:
In 100 mL of water, put 3.5 grams of NaCl
In a separate test tube, put 9 mL of the solution and 1 mL of water
In another test tube, place 8
…show more content…
The number of seeds germinated/the height of the grass (cm) are and were affected by the salinity of the solution. After the totality of the data was recorded, it was found that the bigger the amount of salt added to the solution the slower the seeds grew. My hypothesis, if different amounts of salt water is added to 6 seeds then the container of dirt with the water with the lowest concentration of salt will have the most seeds germinated and the tallest blades of grass, was completely supported by the data we recorded. The data supported my hypothesis because it shows that the control container (no salt), germinated 12 seeds and grew to an outstanding 9 cm while the the most salt- heavy soil container, 90% salt, had zero germinated seeds and no grass grew at all. Our data and experiment clearly portrays that high concentrations of salt in water leads to ineffective seed
Two members of the group were instructed to visit the laboratory each day of the experiment to water and measure the plants (Handout 1). The measurements that were preformed were to be precise and accurate by the group by organizing a standardized way to measure the plants. The plants were measured from the level of the soil, which was flat throughout all the cups, to the tip of the apical meristems. The leaves were not considered. The watering of the plants took place nearly everyday, except for the times the lab was closed. Respective of cup label, the appropriate drop of solution was added to the plant, at the very tip of the apical meristems.
5.) One at a time, place your test tubes in the water bath and heat the first test tube to 25 , the second to 50 , the third to 75, and the last to 100 degrees c. Remeber to stir with your stirring rod every so often.
The fast plant seeds were planted in a terrarium and a variable was added to see what happened when the variable was added to compare the regular growth of plants without and with the variable. There was a land part of the terrarium where the fast plant seeds were planted and a bottom part where there was water which was to water the plants through a rope. The plants without the variable grew pretty quickly and almost always grew up. The one time their average dropped was because one of the plants’ necks got snapped which dropped the plant from 13.5cm to 10 cm causing the average to drop from 11.3cm to 10.5cm. The fast plants grew pretty steadily and the final average height was 19.5 cm. The variable that got put into the
Hypothesis 2: If different de icing techniques are used, then sodium chloride will have a larger negative impact on the growth of Tall Fescue grass because salt dehydrates plants.
The hypothesis that a neutral environment would cause more seeds to germinate than acidic and basic environments was supported. Some possible errors in the experiment were that the papers were not dampened again and the temperature on the windowsill may have been too cool. To extend the experiment, multiple trials can be conducted and warm environments versus cooler environments could be
The overarch purpose of this lab was to see if the amount of salt concentration impacted whether a potato stick grew, shrunk, or stayed the same in size/mass. Our hypothesis was, if potato slices are added to 0%, 1%, and 2% salt solutions, then the solution is hypotonic and will have a positive net gain. And, if the potato is add to the 3% solution, then the solution will be isotonic and the weight will stay the same. However, after testing the data and gathering helpful information, the hypothesis does not support the results of the lab. The potato in the 0% solution originally weighed (potato 1) 2.2 grams and (Potato 2) 1.9 grams.
The Effect of Sucrose Concentrations (0.00 to 0.73 mol/L) on the Germination Rates of Raphanus sativus seeds. Introduction: Research Question: What impact does different sucrose concentrations (0.00 to 0.73 mol/L) have on germination and subsequent growth of Raphanus sativus seeds? Background information: Germination experiments are typically completed in many high school science classes; such as in the prerequisite to IB biology, where students analyze the effect of salinity or radiation on germination rates. Many scholarly publications have been published testing the effect of salts on plant germination, yet there are very few that have been produced on the effect of sucrose.
In my hypothesis I previously believed that the lower the lower the pH level the more seeds would germinate, due to the extra hydroxide. But more seeds actually germinated in the pHs closer to neutral. Some problems in the experiment was the towel drying out and the seeds no longer absorbing the pH, rewetting the towels with the solution could prevent this. Some experimenter errors that occurred is the seeds falling out of the towel which resulted in seeds germinating or not germinating. Also, air getting into the bags and drying out the towel faster could have been prevented by making sure the bag was closed. Lastly, the seeds did not get put in the bag exactly like the previous time which could have affected the germination. To improve this lab, measuring out the same amount of solution for each pH could have made it more accurate. To further this experiment we could have had another set of seeds in the same pH solutions but in the sun to see
When reproducing this experiment several changes should be made. One change could be applying the salt to full grown plants to more accurately simulate a real life
Validity: The experiment was valid since it tested the aim which was to demonstrate the effect of the environment on phenotype utilising radish seeds and comparing their height in different environmental conditions. The aim was tested as the amount of light was changed, three were put in the shade and the other three in direct sunlight and their heights were recorded. Further, the experiment was valid as it tested the hypothesis which was: radish seeds placed in the shade will be taller than the radish seeds placed in direct sunlight, it was looking at the height of the plants in the shade and the height of the plants in direct sunlight, however, it was proven to be wrong since at the end of the experiment the plants in shade were shorter than the ones in direct sunlight. Also, the variables were controlled such as
The Effect of Different pH Levels on the Growth of Sunflower Seeds Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to see how germination is affected by differing pH levels in water. Background Information: In order to germinate and grow, seeds require oxygen, water, and the correct temperature. Once seedlings appear, they will also require light and carbon dioxide.
The overarching purpose for this experiment is to determine if the amount of light shining on a radish seed impacts it in positive or negative ways. Our hypothesis was, if we expose more light on the radish seeds over the course of three days, then it will germinate at a faster rate. After collecting two sets of data over the course of two weeks and closely observing the radish seed for 3 days, the hypothesis was not supported by the data. Even though during the first week of tests done on the radish seeds showed that the amount of light doesn’t really impact the radish seeds because there was 100% germination in all three levels of light after three days. Nonetheless, after performing the experiment a second time, it was evident that the radish seeds need a balance between light and no light, which was supported by the data in the second experiment.
tube. Add 6 mL of 0.1M HCl to the first test tube, then 0.1M KMnO4 and
All plants are subjected to a multitude of stresses throughout their life cycle. Depending on the species of plant and the source of the stress, the plant will respond in different ways. When a certain tolerance level is reached, the plant will eventually die. When the plants in question are crop plants, then a problem arises. The two major environmental factors that currently reduce plant productivity are drought and salinity (Serrano, 1999), and these stresses cause similar reactions in plants due to water stress. These environmental concerns affect plants more than is commonly thought. For example, disease and insect loss typically decrease crop yields by less than ten percent, but severe environmental problems can be responsible for up to sixty-five percent reduction in yield (Serrano, 1999). There are global constraints on fresh water supplies, and this has led to a surge of interest in reusing water (Shannon and Grieve, 1999). However, in many cases the value of water has decreased because the water is salty. Salt stress can be a major challenge to plants. It limits agriculture all over the world, particularly on irrigated farmlands (Rausch, 1996). To farmers, salt tolerance is important in vegetables because of the cash value of crops (Shannon and Grieve, 1999). As more land becomes salinized by poor irrigation practices, the impact of salinity is becoming more important (Winicov, 1998). This is creating the need for salt tolerant plants. Salinity resistance is a quantitative trait, and it has been resistant to plant breeding (Winicov, 1998).
My hypothesis was supported because each experiment did what I thought it would. The salt sank when it was inside of the hot and cold water. When salt was placed inside of the hot and cold water, it sank because of it weighing more than the cold and hot water. We can look at it in this way, salt water weighs more than fresh water. The weight of a cubic foot of salt water is 64.1 lbs. On the other hand, a cubic foot of fresh water only weighs 62.4 lbs. The numbers are different because the salt water has a higher density compared to fresh water. When salt is added to water then the molecules in water are different because they are really together and tight around the salt molecules. Adding salt also increases the volume of water by less than