Joyce Borges
Science Fair Report
Bibliography
-Salt and Ice. (n.d.). Retrieved October 26, 2016, from http://mwvsciencefair.wikispaces.com/Salt and Ice/
-@. (2016). 10 Salts to Know. Retrieved October 26, 2016, from https://food52.com/blog/3377-10-salts-to-know/
-By using salt, that freezing point can be lowered which forces the ice to melt and prevents the water from freezing or re-freezing. (2013). Why Does Salt Melt Ice? - Ice Melter Distributor | Salt Supplier | KISSNER. Retrieved October 26, 2016, from http://www.kissner.com/why-does-salt-melt-ice/
-Newsome, K. (2014). Which Type of Salt Melts Ice Faster?? Retrieved October 26, 2016, from https://prezi.com/fbfqmnsismd3/which-type-of-salt-melts-ice-faster/
Problem Statement
Is table
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salt, Epsom salt, Kosher salt, or Sea salt more affective in melting ice? Hypothesis If I use table salt over kosher salt, Epsom salt, or sea salt then the ice will melt faster.
Variables
Independent Variable: Type of salt used
Dependent Variable: The amount of time it takes for the ice cubes to completely melt.
Control Variables: Type of container used, amount of light in the room, the temperature of the room, size of ice cubes, and the amount of salt sprinkled on the ice cubes.
Materials
The materials I need for this experiment are table salt, Epsom salt, kosher salt, sea salt, fifteen clear cups, ice cubes, and a stop watch.
Procedures
What I did in the science project war that In this science project I grabbed an ice cube tray and poured water in it. Then I put it in the refrigerator and let it freeze the whole day. I later got one ice cube and placed it in a plastic
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cup. 1. Get one ice cube and place it in a plastic cup. 2. Measure a teaspoon of a type of salt. 3. Sprinkle it over the ice cube. 4. Once you sprinkle the salt start the stop watch. 5. When the ice cube is completely melted stop the stop watch 6. Record how long it took for the ice to entirely melt. 7. Do the same thing for the other types of salt. 8. Repeat this experiment for a total of three trials using each of the types of salt. Data TYPE OF SALT TRIALS MINUTES ICE TOOK TO MELT SEA SALT 1ST Trial 33 2ND Trial 33 3RD Trial 34 TABLE SALT 1ST Trial 25 2ND Trial 23 3RD Trial 25 EPSOM SALT 1ST Trial 45 2ND Trial 47 3RD Trial 50 KOSHER SALT 1ST Trial 30 2ND Trial 33 3RD Trial 32 Results According to the data presented in the graph and table, the table salt liquefied the ice the fastest.
It took Epsom, kosher, and sea salt took extra time to melt the ice. After conducting three trials for the table salt, its average time for melting the ice was 24 minutes. In second place came kosher salt with an average time of 31 minutes. Thirdly was the sea salt with an average of 33 minutes. Finally, the Epsom salt took the longest time to dissolve the ice cube with an average of 47 minutes.
Conclusion
This experiment was conducted to determine if table salt, Epsom salt, sea salt, kosher salt can be more affective in melting ice faster. After performing the experiment, my hypothesis that table salt would dissolve the ice cube faster than using sea salt, kosher salt, or Epsom salt was correct. The table salt took the least amount of time to melt the ice cube with an average of 24 minutes. Then came kosher salt with an average time of 31 minutes. Thirdly was the sea salt with an average of 33 minutes. Finally, the Epsom salt took the longest time to dissolve the ice cube with an average of 47 minutes. The table salt melted the ice faster than the kosher salt, and Epsom salt because a granule of the table salt is the smallest so there is more weight than the other 3 salts in equal volume. Also, the finer the salt particles put in contact with an ice cube, the quicker it will combine with the water forming the ice cube and begin the melting
process. Application This can apply to others because my experiment can help individuals who live in cold places know which salt will melt the ice on the street better. My project has lead me to ask questions like how can temperature affect the time the ice takes to melt Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine if table salt, Epsom salt, sea salt, or kosher salt can be more affective in melting ice faster. This experiment was chosen because I wanted to find out which salt melts ice faster. My inference was that the table salt would melt the ice faster than the kosher salt, sea salt, or Epsom salt. I conducted my experiment by getting one ice cube and placing it in a plastic cup. Then measured a teaspoon of a type of salt and sprinkled it over the ice cube. Once the type of salt was sprinkled over the ice cube I started the stop watch and stopped it when the ice cube was completely melted. I recorded how long it took for the ice to entirely melt and then did the same thing for the other types of salt. Finally, I repeated this experiment for a total of three trials using each of the types of salt. According to the data presented in the graph and table my results were that the table salt liquefied the ice the fastest. It took Epsom, kosher, and sea salt took extra time to melt the ice. After conducting three trials for the table salt, its average time for melting the ice was 24 minutes. In second place came kosher salt with an average time of 31 minutes. Thirdly was the sea salt with an average of 33 minutes. Finally, the Epsom salt took the longest time to dissolve the ice cube with an average of 47 minutes. This experiment was conducted to determine if table salt, Epsom salt, sea salt, kosher salt can be more affective in melting ice faster. After performing the experiment, my hypothesis that table salt would dissolve the ice cube faster than using sea salt, kosher salt, or Epsom salt was correct. The table salt took the least amount of time to melt the ice cube with an average of 24 minutes. Then came kosher salt with an average time of 31 minutes. Thirdly was the sea salt with an average of 33 minutes. Finally, the Epsom salt took the longest time to dissolve the ice cube with an average of 47 minutes. The table salt melted the ice faster than the kosher salt, and Epsom salt because a granule of the table salt is the smallest so there is more weight than the other 3 salts in equal volume. Also, the finer the salt particles put in contact with an ice cube, the quicker it will combine with the water forming the ice cube and begin the melting process. This can apply to others because it can help individuals who live in cold places know which salt will melt the ice on the street better. My project could be improved by having the cup with the ice cube in a cold place. Then I would sprinkle the different types of salt and record the time it took to melt.
Then, repeat steps 7-11 another 4 times but with the room temperature water. For the room temperature water just leave it in the room but try not to change the room’s temperature. 15. Try to put all your recorded data into a table for organization 16. Repeat the entire experiment for more reliable data.
Hypothesis: The Alka Seltzer will dissolve fastest in hot water and slowest in cold water.
Input variables In this experiment there are two main factors that can affect the rate of the reaction. These key factors can change the rate of the reaction by either increasing it or decreasing it. These were considered and controlled so that they did not disrupt the success of the experiment. Temperature-
First, the freezing point depression of magnesium chloride was found. To begin, an ice bath was created in a 600 mL beaker filled with ice provided in the laboratory and rock salt. Next, Four different solutions with concentrations of 0.0 g (control), 0.2 g, 0.4 g, and 0.6g of magnesium chloride and 15 mL of deionized water were created. Each solution was made in a 100 mL beaker. The solutions containing magnesium chloride were stirred with a glass rod until the salt was completely dissolved. All equipment was cleaned with deionized water to minimize cross contamination. To calculate the freezing point, a Vernier temperature probe provided in the laboratory was used. The temperature probe was plugged into the GoLink!
This means that there are more collisions between the solid and liquid. Amount of tap water H2O used, i.e. volume (in ml) of the syringe. Amount of Alka-Seltzer tablets used, i.e. quantity of the tablets. one is used for the. Number of times the solution is stirred.
2. Drop a gummy bear into each of your prepared beaker or cup and place the beaker or cup
The researcher conducting this experiment is trying to find out which salt- Epsom, table salt, and sea salt- will increase the boiling point of water the most. Sodium chloride is believed to increase the boiling point of water because when salt is suspended into the water, the sodium and chlorine ions leave the “salt crystals” and mix with the water molecules. (“Why does salt… raise boiling point of water?”, 2009).
Methodology: A plastic cup was filled half way with crushed ice and mixed with four spoonfuls of 5 mL of sodium chloride. A thermometer was quickly placed inside the cup to take the temperature and the
The hypothesis for this experiment was, If three different types of waters (saltwater, fresh water, tap water) are tested, then the liquids won’t evaporate at the same rate and tap water will evaporate at the fastest rate because it won’t have any non-volatile substances to hold it back from evaporating.
Pressure on the ice reduces the melting point. If pressure is afterward reduced, water will freeze again. This is called regelation. When a player skates across the ice, he or she applies a lot of pressure, leaving a trail of water where the blades were. Because the pressure leaves quickly, the water freezes to ice again (Haché 22). Nevertheless, pressure is not the only factor that causes this melting. Friction also takes part because it creates heat. With help...
Repeat step 4 after another minute continue this for 5 minutes Beaker Start 1 2 3 4 5 Temperature change 1 59°c 57°c 56°c 55°c 52°c 50°c -9°c 2 72°c 71°c 66 °c 63°c 60°c 57°c -15°c 3 86°c 71°c 64°c 58°c 56°c 52°c -34° c 4 72°c 68°c 65°c 60°c 57°c 53°c -19°c Main Investigation ------------------ Aim To find out weather a beaker with a larger surface area cools quicker than one with a smaller surface area. Fair test To make it a fair test we will keep the following the same: Colour of tin - we will use clear beakers Amount of water - we will use 100ml
Our task was to investigate what the optimum ratio of solute to solvent that will produce the maximum cooling/heating effect?
In a modern world, everyday things are used with much thought, like ice. People usually relate ice with the cubes they put in their drinks, and more notably the melting of the polar ice caps. But ice causes big problems in a large scale across the United States. Americans are faced with the problem of road ice, a cause of major road accidents in icy cities. A simple solution to this is road salt, but not many people know of its devastating effects to the environment, such as destroyed plant life, increased sodium chloride in watersheds, decreased water circulation in bodies of water, and much more (Stromberg, 2014). The purpose of this project is to research, find, and test an alternative solution to road salt by manipulating the pH of different
they break and the ice melts. Liquid water does not necessarily have all four hydrogen bonds
PROPER IRRIGATIION CAN PREVENT SALT FROM BUILDING UP BECAUSE THE WATER CAN DRAIN THE SALTS AND SPREAD IT OUT SO THAT THE SALTS AREN’T CONCENTRATED IN ONE AREA!!!