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Introduction to effective classroom management
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Factors that can motivate students
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Recommended: Introduction to effective classroom management
I recently took a course on cooperative discipline and found that many of my own beliefs and practices involving discipline in the classroom were validated and reinforced throughout the class. Students do choose how they will behave and the best way (maybe even the easiest way) to get them to make the right choices in the classroom is to foster a feeling of mutual respect and to give them a sense of responsibility or classroom ownership. Kids want discipline, or maybe to put it differently they want structure and predictability. And the nice thing about Linda Albert’s cooperative discipline model is that it gives the students exactly what they need. But what are our responsibilities? Linda Albert tells us that “the ultimate goal of student behavior is to fulfill a need to belong”, so it is our job to fill that need by helping the student to feel capable, connected, and able to contribute (in a positive way) to the group.
To help students to feel capable, connected and contributing (or the three C’s) Linda Albert asks us to make five fundamental changes to our classrooms, or what she calls “Paradigm Shifts in Cooperative Discipline” (see figure 2). Firstly, we need to move away from a “hands-on” or “hands-clenched” approach to discipline, which is an authoritarian style of classroom discipline, to a “hands-joined” or democratic style of classroom management. Secondly, we need to recognize that student behavior is a choice, and not caused by some outside force, though these forces may influence student behavior it is ultimately the student’s decision on how they will act in your classroom. Thirdly, she asks us to abandon our long list of classroom rules and replace it with a concise code of conduct; shifting the classroom atmosph...
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...ple teachers and school personnel. “Like all of us, these students need to believe in themselves and to feel successful in their daily lives” (Albert, 2003).
The job of a teacher is never easy but we have seen how cooperative discipline and enabling students to feel capable, connected and contributing can improve classroom management and maybe even our own moods. If we create an environment of mutual respect and give our students legitimate power of voice and choice in the classroom we will see positive results in improved student behavior and student achievement. Because when our students believe that they can succeed, they will.
References
Albert, L. (2003). Cooperative discipline. Circle Pines, MN: AGS Publishing.
Albert, L., Kyle, P., & Gilbert, J. (Ed.). (2010). Cooperative discipline graduate course workbook. Randolph, NJ: Regional Training Center.
Nelsen, J., Lott, L., & Glenn, S. (2000). Positive discipline in the classroom developing mutual respect, cooperation, and responsibility in your classrooms, 3rd ed. (p. 120). Roseville, Califonia: Prima Publishing.
Savage, T. V., & Savage, M. K. (2009). Successful classroom management and discipline: Teaching self-control and responsibility (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781452286754/pages/61650061
Classroom management is defined as “teachers’ strategies that create and maintain an orderly learning environment” (Eggen & Kauchak, 2007, p. 371). Classroom management is to be differentiated from discipline, which is the response to misbehavior. The distinction is important to make because teachers’ views of classroom management are often discipline-focused. However, as psychologist Jacob Kounin claims, discipline is just a small part of classroom management (Eggen & Kauchak, 2007, p. 371). Most of classroom management should be a proactive, rather than reactive, process. Just as the United States declared war on Iraq before a direct attack occurred, teachers can use classroom management as a sort of “preemptive strike” against misbehavior (here defined as anything that prevents learning) before it attacks them. The process of classroom management, however, is less controversial than declaring war; it is instead an essential ingredient to maximizing learning in the classroom.
Our first social relationship begins with family. The way a child interacts with parents, grandparents, and siblings is his or her first introduction to social behavior. These behaviors, although not instinctive, are learned from observing and relating to others (Johnson, D. & Johnson, R., 1989). Unfortunately, some social behavior in families can produce negative responses. As educators, we first see characteristics of social behaviors in preschool. Most parents send their children to preschool to enhance socialization with children their own age. They do so in the hopes of giving a good foundation for social competence (Jalongo, 2006).
In order to learn, students need discipline with dignity. They need to know that misbehavior is not okay, and that there are rules and standards to live by in the classroom, just like there is in the “real world”. Students, when given a routine and are treated with structure, generally perform better. By instilling discipline in the classroom, I hope to provide a more stable and more effective learning environment for all.
In the 21st century, teachers experience many behavioral issues with students in the classroom and face challenges that are very difficult to resolve. School districts have different expectations about how students must behave during school and teachers have their own expectations about how students must behave in their classroom. Every educator has different classroom expectations and students must follow specific standards; therefore, the responsibility of the teacher is to discuss the standards with all students and make sure those expectations are clear. According to Jones and Jones (2016), teachers whose students made greater achievement gains were observed establishing rules and procedures, and carefully monitoring student’s work. In
Education serves as the foundation to a lifetime of learning. Since every child is unique, I believe that it is important for them to learn in an environment that is both secure and stimulating. By creating this type of atmosphere, the students will be able to realize their intelligence and use it constructively. As a future educator, it will be my goal to establish a classroom that is, 1) non-authoritarian, 2) student-centered, and 3) focused around student experience. These three elements are part of Progressivism, the educational philosophy I plan to incorporate in my classroom.
To begin, we need to understand the nature of students. The nature of students varies between individuals. The majority of students are well-behaved and come to school ready to learn. Part of this is due to the way they have been raised, but most students are basically good. There is a small percent of students whose nature, it seems, is to make everyone miserable. I do not know if this is because of a difficult childhood at home or because the student just likes to be the center of attention. Either way, there are always students that will give their teachers a hard time. I guess this is their nature. Every individual is different, therefore, the nature of the students I will teach some day will be different depending on their background and other various things that may happen to them as they grow up. For example, a student that has lost a sibling due to an illness or accident, may become very bitter throughout life. The nature of this student’s behavior which is being shaped by this may make this student a cold-hearted and mean student. These are the students that teachers need to spend extra time with and try to make them feel loved, no matter how hard this may be. I, as a future teacher, need to look at students and try to help them out no matter how difficult that may be.
Nelsen, J., Lott, L., & Glenn, S. (2000, p. xiii). Positive Discipline in the Classroom: Developing Mutual Respect, Cooperation, and Responsibility in your Classroom. (3rd ed.). Roseville, California, USA: Prima Publishing
As discussed throughout this paper we build our classroom management plans based on our past experiences, our knowledge, our professional learning and our very own personal reflection. The importance of our beliefs, values and our philosophy play a major role in our planning. I, personally have a strong desire to support students who are often labelled ‘troubled’ and ‘the naughty child’, I believe there are reasons behind why students misbehave and strive to do my best as an educator to engage students through positive reinforcements as discussed and continue to put in place preventive practices. Building our own positive learning framework is key to a successful classroom. Even throughout our ongoing experiences we may adapt to other methods, theories and even values according to our journey as a teacher. Even as teachers we will always be learning and continue to perfect our individual
The Democratic Discipline (DD) model could be incorporated as it insists students can self-regulate their behaviour, take responsibility for completing homework tasks, and develop an understanding of consequence (Edwards & Watts, 2008). This can include students in decisions on rewards and punishments by brainstorming ideas and drawing up contracts for everyone to sign outlining responsibilities, rights, and what rewards/punishments will be received (Konza, 2001). Sophie can then make sure students understand the purpose and match homework to their interests and skills. This can result in positive engagement with the activity and enhance progression (California Department of Education, 2000). The DD model could be crucial in conjunction with Sophie’s upper-primary students as it can aid in their independence for entering secondary
Classroom management is a necessary component to every classroom. It includes creating a set of rules and clear expectations that all students follow. This helps unify the classroom for both the teacher and students allowing for a smooth, effective, and educational environment. When the students are aware of what is expected, they are motivated in order to attain the goals dispensed by the teacher. Some students are naturally motivated and want nothing more than to surpass goals for the sake of triumph and pleasing the teacher. Other students need extrinsic motivation in order for them to become engaged in
When everyone is pursuing a common goal, dealing with behavior problems eventually become self-regulating. Win-Win Discipline enables people to work together to find mutual solutions to behavior problems. The ultimate goal is not to stop or end disruptive behavior, but to teach responsibility and self-control. The foundations of this model are their three pillars of win-win discipline: preventive measures; the ABCD of disruptive behaviors (aggression, breaking rules, confrontation, or disengagement); student positions; class rules; moment of disruption structures; follow up structures; and life skills. The three pillars are the foundation of the behavioral model which are: everyone is on the same side; everyone collaborates on solutions; and everyone learns proactive responsibility from each situation regardless of their
Wubbels (2011) noted that teachers normally cite classroom management, with student misbehavior and discipline included, as one of the prominent problems they encounter. Such is particularly the case with beginner teachers who consistently acknowledge classroom management to be their highest priority. Harmful effects of poor classroom management promote student resistance and misbehaviors (Wubbels, 2011). Contrastingly, orderly classroom environment enhance student achievement and promote students’ learning responsibility. Having the students plan and undertake their own learning
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