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Grounded theory and substantive theory
What is the distinguishing characteristic of grounded theory? flashcards
Goals of grounded theory
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Johnson, J. S. (2015). Qualitative sales research: an exposition of grounded theory. Journal Of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 35(3), 262-273. doi:10.1080/08853134.2014.954581 Summary: The author used in-depth interviews and a qualitative grounded theory to gather information about salesperson or sales manager’s approach on sales. The data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis software NVivo. The author intention for the study was to understand the factors affecting the performances of salesperson. Author opted to use qualitative method for this study because lots of previous studies on this issue employed quantitative research method which is empirical and involves hypothesis testing, measurements and numerical data. Author …show more content…
Nascent or underdeveloped research areas, however, may lack or have inadequate existing theories to explain sales-related phenomena.
Purpose: This article aims to serve as a resource for sales scholars wishing to know what grounded theory examinations have been conducted, how to implement grounded theory research and what avenues are available for future grounded theory sales research. The purpose of this article is to provide an exposition of one such qualitative research design – grounded theory.
Design: In-depth interviews and a grounded theory. Qualitative grounded theory
Findings: Study results reveal the four critical components of objectivity/ rational persuasion, sensitivity/responsiveness to reality, involvement in strategy making and positioning for success.
Smiddy, M. P., O ' Connell, R., & Creedon, S. A. (2015). Major article: Systematic qualitative literature review of health care workers ' compliance with hand hygiene guidelines. AJIC: American Journal Of Infection Control, 43269-274.
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(n.d). Use of focus groups in business ethics research: potential, problems and paths to progress. Business Ethics-A European Review, 24S54-S66.
Summary: The authors used systematic review of the literature of total of 15 papers contained in database of published business ethics research such as ‘Business Source Complete’ to determine possible contributions of focus groups in business ethics research. The qualitative study results show that are not generally use in qualitative research instead used as a supplementary method; in combination with other methods or as part of the development of a research instrument.
Problem: potential problems and paths to progress in the use of focus groups in business ethics research
Purpose: to explore the potential contribution of focus groups; reviews their contribution to date and makes some recommendations regarding their future use.
Design: Systematic review of the literature using database of published business ethics research that has used focus groups was required such as ‘Business Source
As the salespeople’s immediate supervisor, it is the primary responsibility of the manager to provide proper training to enhance the salespersons’ effectiveness and improve their skills. Given the importance of having a productive and enthusiastic sales team, the manager needs to develop and manage effective reward and compensation packages to ensure a highly motivated and satisfied sales force. Sales managers also ensure that the company 's standards of professionalism, image, and branding are consistent with the sales team’s interaction with company customers. The manager 's presence also makes customers feel valued as well as provide credibility on behalf of the company (Pilling, Donthu, & Henson,
Glaser, Barney G & Strauss, Anselm L. (1967), The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company
Trevino, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (2011). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. New York: John Wiley.
Then, K.L., Rankin, J.A. & Ali, E. (2014). Focus group research: What is it and how can it be used? Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 24(1), 16–22.
Personal selling will be measured in both qualitative and quantitative terms. Salespersons will have to fill reports regarding the interlocutors behaviour and product knowledge.
Trevino, L., & Nelson, K. (2011). Managing business ethics - straight talk about how to
Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making & Case Studies. Cengage Textbook. The “Mission & Vision”. DecisionOne Corporation. Web.
Ethics in business is a highly important concept, as it can affect a company’s profits, salaries paid to employees and CEOs, and public opinion, among many other aspects of a business. Ethics can be enforced by company policies and guidelines, set a precedent when a company is faced with an important decision, and are also evolving thanks to new technology and situations that arise due to technology usage. Businesses have a duty to maintain their ethical responsibilities and also to help their employees enforce these responsibilities in and out of the workplace. However, ethics and the foundation for them are not always black and white. There are many different ethical theories, however Utilitarianism, Kant’s Deontological ethics, and Virtue ethics are three of the most well known theories in existence. Each theory is distinct in that it has a different quality used to determine ethicality and allows for a person to choose which system of ethics works best with both the situation and his or her personal ethical preferences.
Svensson, Goran & Wood, Greg 2007, ‘A Model of Business Ethics’, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 77, pp. 303-322.
The research is guided by a theoretical framework called the Grounded Theory Approach. The Grounded Theory Approach (GT), first described by Glaser and Strauss in 1967, is an inductively formatted, general method of research that is aimed towards theory development through the data collection process and constant comparative analysis of that data. Cohen and Crabtree, 2006). The concept relies contingently upon the data the study presents and is characterized by the proposed theory being perfectly depicted by the data accumulated. Cohen and Crabtree, 2006).
A core phenomenon in a substantive study has clear implications for a formal grounded theory (Strauss 1987).
... data (Myers, 2013). To illustrate the application of grounded theory to the tourism and hospitality industry in this article, the two dimensional framework proposed Urquhart, Lehman and Myers (2010) is depicted in Figure 4. Connell and Lowe (1997) demonstrate interpretation on the degree of conceptualization on the x-axis and substantive focus of the theory scope on the y-axis (Myers, 2013). The article notes that data collection interview and fieldwork produced 40,000 words of data and sufficient evidence (Connell and Lowe, 1997), but the article does not show any of the data (Pratt, 2009). As a result, it is not clear how the researcher connects the data to the practical application of the approach in international tourism and hospitality industry. The article does explain the motive and need (Pratt, 2009) for inductive qualitative research using grounded theory.
Treviño, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (2007). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right Fourth ed., Retrieved on July 30, 2010 from www.ecampus.phoenix.edu
Carroll, A. B. (1996). Business & Society: Ethics and stakeholders management. Cincinnati: South-Western College Publishing.
Glaser, B.G., Strauss, A.L. (1967), The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, Chicago: Aldine.