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Essays for public sector reform studies
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In light of the experience of previous reform initiatives, assess the main developments and challenges to successful implementation of the latest Public Sector Reform Plan, include in your answer reference to the recent Public Service Reform Progress Reports.
Public Service Reform has been a vital component of the Government’s planned response to the economic crisis of recent years. The Reform and Delivery Office within the Department of Public Expenditure and Reform (DPER), is responsible for driving, co-ordinating and supporting the Government’s programme of Public Sector Reform. Mr. Robert Watt, Secretary-General of DPER, stated in 2011 that reform of the public service is essential and it must continually improve and deliver services faster, better and more effectively. This essay will look at the main developments and challenges to the successful implementation of the Second Public Sector
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The implementation of ICT strategy is vital where people and businesses are used to 24/7 online access to data and services. This is a huge challenge for Government departments where the systems are outdated and no longer fit for purpose and specialized ICT equipment and staff are required. The Office of Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO) within DPER is the driving force in the implementation of ICT across the Public Sector, working with Departments and agencies to create a new model for ICT delivery in the Public Service and provide better outcomes for citizens, businesses and public servants through a more integrated, shared and digital environment. The ICT strategy identifies an opportunity for a group of common applications to be developed centrally for use by all Departments to drive efficiencies and savings. These now included eSubmissions, ePQs and eCorrespondence with eFOI and EDocs to follow in
Problems and Prospects. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Volume 12(3). Retrieved from http://www.innovation.cc/scholarly-style/bradshaw5final.pdf
Various reform movements and revolutions occurred in the time period between the years 1825 through 1850. Justice, freedom, liberty, equality, and the purist of happiness are all democratic values considered to enforce the reform movements of this time period. The democratic ideals tried to cut the social separation and discordance present in America mainly between the south and north sections. Originating from the Second Great Awaking with vast religious reinforcement democratic ideals spread through the new reform movements. Main movements that supported the democratic views included the Second Great Awaking revival, antislavery reform and more equal rights movements for women and men.
...r pillars of public administration are equally important in the process of public administration and complement one another in the provision of quality public service. When public administrators have economy in mind they focus on the best combination of available resources to provide optimum public service. To ensure that public service is not limited to only a section of the public, the issue of equity is taken into consideration so that public interest is realized. Efficiency and effectiveness additionally go hand in hand in ensuring that allocated resources are used in the best possible manner to attain set goals. Thus whereas the first three public administration pillars – Economy, efficiency and effectiveness are concerned with how public service is provided the fourth and most recent addition (Equity) concerns with for whom public service is provided.
...ation, or more efficient government management (worldbank.org, n.d). E-government [2] that describe the patterns of interactions of digital governments with the public: The first stage of e-government focuses on “digital presence” with simple information-providing Web sites of a passive nature, namely a digitization of government information. The second stage provides simple Web-based interactions of governments with citizens, businesses and other government agencies through email contact and interactive forms that can dynamically provide information needed. The third stage of this evolution provides online transaction services such as license renewal, permit applications and tax payments. The next stage is when the government promotes shared governance to transform how the government operates, in terms of seamless information flow and collaborative decision making.
The New Public Management plays a valuable role as a policy tool and as a means by which to advance rhetoric of efficiency, prudence and efficacy in state management, at a time when these values had re-emerged as a primary driving force behind mass-liberation of national economies and the international political economy in general . This new policy was implemented with a mind to change the old running of the public sector into a new form by imitating the business style of the private sector. This is because some of the politicians felt that the public servants lucked the drive and determination of the many citizens that worked outside of the public sector. So the idea was to become more like the private sector in terms of implementing better services to the citizens, as well as being more challenging when producing policies which conflict with others in the public sector. One of the major reasons why this policy gained more than enough support in earlier years was as a result of the Cold War.
Public Management: between the Traditional and New Models. Review of International Comparative Management 408, 411. Marino, C. (2011). The 'Standard'. The Introduction of New Public Management in the Italian Public Sector.
This essay discusses the radical transformation of the principles and foundations of public administration from traditional to New Public Management. Firstly the essay will attempt to define the key terms of traditional public administration and the doctrine of New Public Management. Rabin J. (2003) explains that New Public Management embodies “a process in public administration that uses information and experiences obtained in business management and other disciplines to improve efficiency, usefulness and general operation of public services in contemporary bureaucracies.“Traditional Public Administration progresses from governmental contributions, with services perceived by the bureaucracy.
The United Nations World Public Sector Report 2001 concluded that countries, which were successful in gaining benefits of globalization, were generally those which had the most developed and comprehensive public sectors. United Nations lays emphasis on revitalization of public administration to improve its performance since it plays an important role in accomplishing important development goals. The Public Administration and Development (PAD) report of the United Nations reviews measures adopted in the process of revitalization of the public sector over the last few years and emphasizes the lessons learned by the Member States while doing the same. While acknowledging, “institutions are as good as people who operate them” (U.N. 2005,a, p.16) this report gives importance to the principal role played by human resources in the revitalizing process. Laying emphasis on this crucial aspect the United Nations World Public Sector Report 2005 (WPSR 2005) gives important guidelines for Human Resource Management (HRM) of public sector. Nonetheless, the reports are confined. Thus the purpose of this paper is to identify major lessons learned from revitalizing public sector particularly through reforms in HRM and to critically review them.
The private sector, as noted in many forums and literary articles faces a distinctive disadvantage when it comes to dealing with matters of national importance. Notably, these matters include security as a feature, public health and even public schooling (Chaudhary & Sharma, 2011). Differences exist in the formulation of the public and private sectors as cornerstones of the economy. The private sector is more aligned towards the delivery of products and services to the people who can afford at a fee. The public sector on the other hand has a more utilitarian approach. Their delivery of products and services is aligned towards the benefit of everybody in the society. This is where the differences between the two sectors occur. However, it is important to note that no particular economy can prosper without a fundamental composition of the two sectors (Little, 2003). The role that the private sector plays in the contribution of national income of a county is indispensable. The total output from the two sectors contributes directly to the growth of the GDP of a nation. Therefore, due to the importance of the two sectors in an economy, it is vital that those two sectors of the economy operate optimally and in such a manner that allows them to ensure increased levels of output for a country. Each sector therefore has well defined roles to play in ensuring that the economic progress of the country is guaranteed.
1. The purpose of this response is to assert the active role of public managers in policy making. By using their technical, analytical and managerial skills public managers can be effective in the policy process and just in implementation.
Since the 1980s vast change initiatives has been undertaken in the public sector of the developed countries. The inflexible, hierarchical and bureaucratic form of Public management which was common during the twentieth century is shifting to more flexible, market-oriented form of public management. This dramatic shift alters the role of government and the relationship between government and citizens. Traditional public administration has been questioned in practice, and the acceptance of new public management means the rise of a new model in public sector management (Hughes, 1998).
Despite these criticisms, the reforms in public administration have had a widespread impact across this country and around the world. The principles underlying these reforms have enhanced government performance and accountability, public administration has employed various strategies to streamline management and enhance pubic service. It is important to keep in mind that while there may be significant improvement in productivity as a result of technological advances or reform, the most meaningful long-term gains will come about as a result of attention to the humans side of the organization. Successful public administration demands a successful balance between the concerns of the technical side of the agency and paying attention to people.
Let’s share the experiences of Brunei e-government journey and the challenges faced during its implementation. The journey of e-Government started back in 1997 where a national IT strategic planning framework was formulated and the first National IT Strategic Plan took off in year 2000. The National Strategic IT Plan, IT 2000 and Beyond aims to promote effective application of IT in the public and private sectors, improving the level of IT literacy and ensuring enough supply of IT skilled manpower to enable growth. The e-Government initiatives were taken up by the government of His Majesty to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its services. A national committee was set-up to assist the implementation of action plans of the e-government programs. E-Government Strategic Framework for Action 2001-2...
The strength of the public sector is how many people they (the government) can serve despite the changing priorities and complicated system. The overemphasis on rules and procedures more often, although there have been some public reforms that led to shifting from an emphasis on process to a greater emphasis on results, has always been a weakness/limitation within the public sector. However, because of the policies, the public sector regulates the other sectors’ activity, which is one of the strengths of this sector, though it limits and prevents the other sectors on doing something that can have a positive effect. For instance, the operation of the education system (schools) is affected by how much funding they receive from the government (public sector) every year. It is not only the problem of the schools, but also the government. Another weakness that the public sector deals with is how the budget will be allocated while the demand is increasing on each federal programs/agencies. Not only that, but it will also be a challenge to maintain a balanced budget. Even though it is a strength of the public sector to ensure equal access to public goods for all citizens, the changing priorities, which is a weakness within the public sector, makes it challenging to guarantee equality. Sometimes, the funding is reduced at a certain federal agency because another federal agency is prioritized and
Today in the present world, most countries have the core object of governance in the “public good provisioning ” leitmotif. According to the main principles ; accountability, participation and transparency, from the governance ecology interaction between the State, Civil Society and Market –place, within the global-village environment, (Higgot and Ougaard 2002; Stiglitz 2003; Woods 2006) “Governance Deteriorate the Economical Progress of the Developing Countries”(Box 15.4 Kaufmann, Kray, and Mastruzzi, 2008 p 291 Governance Matter Vll: some leading findings). In my opinion governance on itself without parametric recognition is doomed to fail, instead of reflecting to new mechanisms of responsibility to steer and guide the social and economical issues, which I will try to clarify in the upcoming body breakdown. Governance is supported as structure through institutions, as process through instruments and as agenda through elements of good governance, generating the capacity to improve significant development and positive impact of economic growth and to cut back destitution. Despite of the fact that developing countries can come in line with the quality of governance by accepting it as a crucial determinant of developmental performance, it didn’t came into effect. The underlying fact of weak and poor governance was identified as a result, for not effectuating the measureme...