Processing Of Cotton: The Process Of Ginning, Processs, Types And Practices

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Processing of Cotton:

Generically, Processing of cotton involves following steps; 1. Ginning 2. Spinning 3. Weaving 4. Processing

Ginning

It is the process of cleaning the cotton. Heavy impurities like leaves, seeds etc. are removed from cotton in this process. From ginning factories, cotton is sent to spinning units in bale form.
Types of Ginning: There are following two types of ginning;
a. Roller Ginning b. Saw Ginning a. Roller Ginning: It is used for long length fibers. b. Saw Ginning: It is used for short length fibers
Spinning:

Spinning is the process of converting fiber into yarn.
Machines in Spinning:
Basically, Spinning involves following machines;
1. Blow Room
2. Carding …show more content…

Similar methods are knitting, felting, and braiding or plaiting. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft or filling. The method in which these threads are inter woven affects the characteristics of the cloth. Cloth is usually woven on a loom, a device that holds the warp threads in place while filling threads are woven through them. A fabric band which meets this definition of cloth (warp threads with a weft thread winding between) can also be made using other methods, including tablet weaving, back-strap, or other techniques without looms.
The way the warp and filling threads interlace with each other is called the weave. The majority of woven products are created with one of three basic weaves: plain weave, satin weave, or twill. Woven cloth can be plain (in one color or a simple pattern), or can be woven in decorative or artistic design.
Types of Weaves:
1. Plain Weave

The plain weave repeats on 2 Ends × 2 Picks. The plain fabric comprises a high percentage of the total production of woven fabrics and it can be produced on a loom with two harness. It has the highest number of interlacing as compared with other weaves and therefore it produces the firmest …show more content…

Fabric is inspected for defects before it is dyed . It has been inspected by 10%. If the fabric get defects more than 10 %. Then fabric is returned back to weaver.

Types of greige fabric defect:

 Knots
 Slubs
 Broken yarn
 Cut or Tear
 Missing warp
 Missing weft
 Missing ends
 Missing picks
Processing Department:

The processing unit of NML comprises of the following department:
 Bleaching Department
 Dyeing Department
 Finishing Department
 Folding Department

Bleaching Department:

Steps of bleaching
1) Singeing
2) Desizing
3) Scouring
4) Bleaching
5) Mercerizing
6) Emrising
Singeing process

The word “Singe” literally means “to burn superficially”. “Singeing is the burning of loose fibers that are not firmly bound into the yarn and/or fabric structure” Singeing is a part of the pretreatment processes carried out in textile processing, and is usually the first step carried out after weaving.
Objective:
 To obtain smooth surface.
 Level dyeing and clean out liner of the printing.
 To increase lusture of finished fabric.
 Important and essential process from the point of the view of the unnecessary printing and

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