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Principles tactics of negotiation
Conclusion to negotiation strategies
Principles tactics of negotiation
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The negotiation process theoretically begins with the initial decision to bargain and the structure of the negotiation in terms of their negotiating partner, although some of these decisions may be constrained by its context (Barry & Oliver 1996, p132). In a private real estate transaction, for instance, the potential buyer has the option not to bargain and to take at initial price, or they could place an offer and work towards a price beneficial for both parties. However, in situations where the option to bargain is not limited, the relationship between the parties may be used to explain the negotiator’s initial decision. Empirically, it is found that parties who are close place greater importance in the preservation of the relationship through compromise and even yielding, rather than working in collaboration (Barry & Oliver 1996, p132). These parties may view the risk of damaging the relationship to be of greater loss than the losses incurred in bargaining and will therefore be less inclined to negotiate over other non-confrontational options that are available. It is also true th...
Lewicki, J. R., Barry, B., & Saunders, M. D. (2010). Negotiation: Readings, exercises and cases
Many situations present the important synchronization of internal versus external negotiations. Many individuals have studied how each side in the negotiation is able to manage the internal opposition to agreements being negotiated. This can also be known as “on the table”, or what exactly is on the line in a heated argument. Each individual involve in an argument has a particular position to be managed, and often times own personal interests are widely expressed. This paper will expand upon the case of Fischer collecting needed funds from Smith with proposals and ideas for a manageable negotiation.
Fisher, Roger, William Ury, and Bruce Patton. Getting to yes: negotiating agreement without giving in. 2nd ed. New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, 1991. Print.
The Framing of Negotiator Judgement focuses on how the negotiation is set up. Negotiators must consider the influence of positive versus negative frames. If the sides are able to identify what gains can be made in compromise this deviation could be avoided (Bazerman, 1999, 199). Similarly, the mythical fixed-pie of negotiations describes a win/lose scenario in which it is assumed that one party’s interests directly conflict with the other party 's interests. (Bazerman, 1999, 201). The resolution to this deviation is the ability to find ‘favorable trade-offs between negotiators’ (Bazerman, 1999,
Lewicki, R., Saunders, D.M., Barry B., (2010) Negotiation: Readings, Exercises, and Cases. 6th Ed. McGraw-Hill Irwin. New York, NY
Negotiations styles are scholastically recognized as being broken down into two general categories and those are distributive bargaining styles and integrative negotiation styles. Distributive bargaining styles of negotiation are understood to be a competitive type of negotiation. “Distributive bargaining, also known as positional bargaining, negotiating zero-sum, competitive negotiation, or win-lose negotiation, is a type or style of negotiation in which the parties compete for the distribution of a fixed amount of value” (Business Blog Reviews, 2011). This type of negotiation skill or style approach might be best represented in professional areas such as the stock market where there is a fixed goal in mind or even in a garage sale negotiation where the owner would have a specific value of which he/she would not go below. In contrast, an integrative negotiation approach/style is that of cooperative bargaining, or win-win types ...
Bridget has to make that decision for the restaurant. Bridget also explained that through her bounded decision making sometimes her decisions are the best options and at times they are not but she learns from it.
Lewicki, R. J., Barry, B., & Saunders, D. M. (2007). Essentials of Negotiation. New York: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin.
The topic for my real world negotiation is to come to an agreement with my supervisor for a promotion as well as an increased salary. I currently work as a student assistant at the student services Planning, Enrollment Management, and Student Affairs (PEMSA) department. My goal is to increase my hourly pay from $10.15 to $12.70, a 25% increase. Having worked in this department for three years, I have taken on tasks not part of my job description such as processing return mail, data entry, and supervision.
Lewicki, R. J., Saunders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2010). Negotiation: Readings, exercises, and cases. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin
...an agreement, in which the superior may have a final say in the matter, this too can be detrimental to the business because it only serves to lower the morale of the manager, and confidence in the work he or she is trying to achieve. Secondly the attitudes of the negotiators can greatly affect the outcome. For example, if one negotiator has a competitive behaviour rather than a cooperative behaviour then it will most likely make the other negotiator adopt a more competitive attitude and thus decrease the likelihood of inducing counteroffers that can lead to an agreement (Fisher, Fredrickson & Peffer 2000). Negotiations can also cause those involved who disagree in significant and irreconcilable ways to accentuate those differences (Hilton 1994).
This paper will cover the difference in the negotiation process and the mediation process and explore some of the barriers that hinder the processes. There is a distinct difference between the negotiation process and the mediation process. Negotiation as defined in Essentials of Negotiation is a process by which two or more parties attempt to resolve their opposing interests (Lewicki, Saunders, and Barry, ) The Negotiation process happens when individuals disagree about a situation and there’s no mutual solution that can be attain by the two parties. The disagreement leads to a conflict which involves misinterpretation, miscommunication and hurt feelings. Because the parties cannot reach a mutual agreement on how to resolve their issues, they can request a third party to intervene and assist in obtaining a mutually acceptable agreement of the issues involved in the conflict which is the mediation process. The negotiation process is the first phase that leads and continues throughout the mediation phase of reaching a solution to the dispute. The mediation process is a voluntary course of action that the parties must decide to take part in to help resolve the situation. The parties cannot be force to participate in the process and they are not obligated to reach a decision. They can walk away from the process if they feel uncomfortable or if they feel that there is no right answer for them in the process. The medication process is a continuation of the negotiation process in which the lines of communication is still open to allow the parties to work through their impasse for solutions of the disputed issues which is mutually beneficial for both parties. The mediator assist the parties in evaluating advantages and disadvanta...
During this course, I have learned a lot about negotiating. We learned about almost every negotiating technique there is. We learned about cross-cultural negotiations, body language, Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA), variables in negotiating, and many more. Before this course, I did not know that much about negotiating. I thought that negotiating was just about trading or convincing someone to give you what you want and you did not care about the other side, resulting in a win-lose. I now know that negotiating is about getting what you want, but also giving the other side what they want as well to result in a win-win. This paper is about how I am going to improve my negotiating skills over the next six months. In order for me to improve my negotiating skills, I believe I need to improve the following skills- my body language, communication, planning, and my interpersonal communications. By improving those skills, I can become an effective negotiator.
Negotiation approaches are generally described as either distributive or integrative. At the heart of each strategy is a measurement of conflict between each party’s desired outcomes. Consider the following situation. Chris, an entrepreneur, is starting a new business that will occupy most of his free time for the near future. Living in a fancy new development, Chris is concerned that his new business will prevent him from taking care of his lawn, which has strict requirements under neighborhood rules. Not wanted to upset his neighbors, Chris decides to hire Matt to cut his grass.
Negotiation is an important strategy and plays an indispensable role for people to solve the problem in our lives. It is a good way to make both parties find acceptable solution by each parties use tactics to persuade another party to approve his or her viewpoint. The application of the advanced negotiation skills definitely not only brings success in our daily life but also improve people’s work ability. This essay will show my natural preferences for different types of influence tactics which have been utilized in in-class, the understanding of the negotiation and analyze how to use proper tactics at different situations which are based on the role-play activity in tutorial.