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Cultural difference in negotiation
Distributive or integrative negotiation strategy
The strategy and tactics of negotiation
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Introduction
It is always useful to have some negotiation strategies planned out and to outline the manner in which the talks are to take place. Even so negotiation behaviour can be a critical factor to the success of the negotiation. “Negotiation behaviour is shaped by a complex set of factors, include personality, cultural values and emotions” (Osman-Gani and Tan, 2002, p. 822). Emotions and tempers can often run high during negotiations. All mankind have emotions, even so as Fromm (2004) explains emotions can help us understand differences and find resolutions to complex situations.
Emotions assist us understand and deal with the issues and factors around us. People continually analysis events to determine if they are personally relevant. For example abortion debates and euthanasia; each of the parties involve have strong feelings that hinders the finding of a resolution. It can be seen in how individuals’ self-perception about themselves. Each party involve have their own values and perception which generates strong emotions about these issue.
Discussion of Issues
People need emotions, this maybe the feeling of having being treated fairly, achievement recognitions, or sense of belonging (Fromm 2004). Lets use the following example to illustrate this, Bert has been wanting to purchase a car for his wife for quite some time. One day he walked passed a car dealer and saw the exact car he wanted with a price tag of $4500. He then went home and told his wife who agrees by saying, “Base on our current financial circumstances, maximum amount you should spent is $4300”. Next day Bret went to the car dealer and asked to test-drive the car. Bret offered $4000 for the car and the dealer sealed the deal. Is Bert happ...
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Lewicki, R., Saunders, D.M., Barry B., (2010) Negotiation: Readings, Exercises, and Cases. 6th Ed. McGraw-Hill Irwin. New York, NY
McCarthy, A. (n.d.). 10 rules of negotiation. Negotiation Skills. Retrieved March 31, 2014, from http://www.negotiation-skills.org
Thompson, L. L. (2007). The Truth About Negotiations. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education.
The first method of principled negotiation is to separate the people from the problem. Although it seems to be quite a simple process, I found a major question came to mind: “What if the people are the problem?”. Being a teenager, I know that sometimes the only reason for conflict is emotions and feelings. A person feels they have been wronged, the other disagrees, and separating the people from the problem becomes virtually impossible. Getting to Yes briefly proposes some solutions to emotion, such as recognizing both side’s emotions, making emotions explicit and acknowledging them as legitimate, allowing the other side to let off steam, not reacting to emotional outbursts, and using symbolic gestures . Again, I found these guidelines to be oversimplified and completely void of the fact that human’s are inapt to simply putting their feelings aside. Also...
Negotiating styles are grouped into five types; Competing, Collaborating, Comprising, Avoidance, and Accommodating (Colburn, 2010). Even though it is possible to exhibit different parts of the five types of negation styles in different situations, can see that my tendencies seem to default to, Compromise and Accommodating. In reviewing the course work and reviewing my answers for Questionnaire 1 and 5, I find that the data reflects the same assumption. The accommodating profile is one where relationship perseveration is everything and giving what the other side wants is the route to winning people over. Accommodators are well liked by their colleagues and opposite party negotiators (Colburn, 2010). When analyzing my accommodating tenancy in negations, I find often it is easier to give into the demands when they are within a reasonable range. I often consider it the part of providing a high level of customer service. It has been my experience that continued delaying and not coming to an agreement in a topic will only shorten the window in which you will have to meet the request since. The cons to this style are by accommodating highly competitive styles the accommodator can give up to much ground in the process. “Giving away value too easily too early can signal to your negotiation counterpart that you've very deep pockets, and your gift is just a taster of bigger and better gifts to come”. The other negations type I default to is compromising. Compromising “often involves splitting the difference; usually resulting in an end position of about half way between both parties’ opening positions” (Colburn, 2010). In the absence of a good rationale or balanced exchanged concessions, half way betwee...
Karrass’s “In Business As In Life – You Don’t Get What You Deserve, You Get What You Negotiate” are consistent with the teachings of William Ury’s “Getting to Yes, Negotiation Agreement Without Giving In” as well as William Ury’s “Getting Past No, Negotiation In Difficult Situations”. In Ury’s “Getting Past No, Negotiation In Difficult Situations” Ury states “nowadays, in every domain, from family to work to politics, negotiation is becoming the preeminent form of making decisions” (Ury,1993), which is parallel with Dr. Karrass’s statement “we all negotiate: buyers and sellers, politician and diplomats, executives and those who work for them. And of course, husbands, wives, friends, and children negotiate every day but rarely call it that.” (Karrass, 1996). Both authors believe in the power of negotiation but more importantly the knowledge, practice and understanding to be successful at
Johnson, R. A. (1993). Negotiation basics: Concepts, skills, and experiences. Newbury Park, CA. Sage Productions.
Knowing that positional negotiation leads to turmoil between friends, business partners and the like turning to principled negotiation for a fair outcome is surprisingly straight forward. There are four basic points which have defined the straight forward process of principled negotiation. These f...
During this course, I have learned a lot about negotiating. We learned about almost every negotiating technique there is. We learned about cross-cultural negotiations, body language, Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA), variables in negotiating, and many more. Before this course, I did not know that much about negotiating. I thought that negotiating was just about trading or convincing someone to give you what you want and you did not care about the other side, resulting in a win-lose. I now know that negotiating is about getting what you want, but also giving the other side what they want as well to result in a win-win. This paper is about how I am going to improve my negotiating skills over the next six months. In order for me to improve my negotiating skills, I believe I need to improve the following skills- my body language, communication, planning, and my interpersonal communications. By improving those skills, I can become an effective negotiator.
Negotiation extends well beyond the borders of sitting at a table and simply exchanging different proposals. The process of negotiation involves working through a series of phases to learn about the other individual. Working together to solve a problem may not be simple and negotiation is all about getting the other person to fold before an agreement is settled on. Negotiation takes motivation and perseverance. This essay will present personal negotiation styles and means for improvement along with examples to follow.
Negotiation approaches are generally described as either distributive or integrative. At the heart of each strategy is a measurement of conflict between each party’s desired outcomes. Consider the following situation. Chris, an entrepreneur, is starting a new business that will occupy most of his free time for the near future. Living in a fancy new development, Chris is concerned that his new business will prevent him from taking care of his lawn, which has strict requirements under neighborhood rules. Not wanted to upset his neighbors, Chris decides to hire Matt to cut his grass.
Gerard I. Nierenberg, The Art of Negotiating: Psychological strategies for Gaining Advantageous Bargains, Barnes and Noble, (1995),
The next source is emotions. Negotiation induces stress to both parties. Thus, emotions should be kept in check. In order to do so, first, one should acknowledge such emotion exist and try to understand its source. Either party must be acceptable for the other’s expression instead of dismissing it outright. Nevertheless, symbolic gestures and sympathy is effective in diffusing strong
Thompson, Leigh, L. (2001). The Mind and Heart of the Negotiator, Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
Negotiations are part of our daily life. We negotiate at work with our coworkers, at home with our families, or in the business world when trying to get a deal. People of all ages are constantly negotiating. According to the textbook Essentials of Negotiation, negotiation is a form of decision-making in which two or more parties talk with one another in an effort to resolve their opposing interests (Lewicki, Barry, & Saunders, 2011). Regardless of who we are, our personalities and cultures have a great impact on how we interact with others and it can make a difference on winning or losing a deal.