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Research paper about phenylketonuria
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Phenylketonuria
Phenylketonuria, otherwise known as PKU, is a rare genetic disease that is caused by a person’s body being unable to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. The disease can cause mental retardation because the build up of phenylalanine in the body. When phenylalanine is not broken down and turned in a different amino acid, tyrosine, it can create other enzyme routes that build up in the blood stream and body tissue. This can be extremely harmful to the body and its development. This disease is caused by missing the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, this enzyme is the one that normally breaks down phenylalanine. It is rare for this enzyme to be completely absence, but this form leads to the most severe mental retardation and neurological problems. Most cases occur when this enzyme is deficient and the amount of phenylalanine is slightly higher than usual amount in the circulatory system of a person. This is called hyperphenylalaninemia.. These disorders are different than normal PKU.
(Shuett; McKusick)
PKU occurs immediately when a child is born. The child appears to be completely normal, but can have blue eyes and can have fairer skin and hair than the rest of its family members. If PKU is unidentified early in an infants life they can have early symptoms which can be identified. Half of untreated babies while develop symptoms such as vomiting, irritability, an eczema-like rash, and a mousy odor to their urine (Bellenir 69). They can also have nervous system problems. Increased muscle tone, and very active tendon reflexes occur from these problems. Soon after they start to undergo mental problems. These problems are severe mental retardation and seizures among other things. Other indicati...
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...-term problems for the child, but can make it difficult to get the child to recover from their illness.
(Gleason, Van Calcar)
Bibliography:
Works Cited Page
Bellenir, Karen. Genetic Disorder Sourcebook: Basic Information about Heritable Diseases and Disorders Such As Down syndrome, PKU, Hemophilia, and Von Willebrand Disease. Detroit: Omnigraphics, 1996.
Flore, Leigh Anne. “A Place of Our Own.” Alison Markowitz. February 2, 2001. University of Minnesota. April 15, 2001.
Gleason, Sally and Sandy Van Calcar. “When Your Child is Ill.” January 1997. PKU Organization of Wisconsin. April 15, 2001.
McKusick, Victor A. “Phenylketonuria.” February, 2001. OMIM. April 17, 2001.
Schuett, Virginia. “What is PKU?” July 2000. National PKU News. April 15, 2001.
Wessel, Kenneth W. A Journey Into the World of PKU. New York: Avon Books, 1991.
In the book it says "They can spend a whole lifetime worrying whether they 're carriers, and then we come along and offer them a test. Recessives and X-linked. Look what they 're doing with fragile-X nowadays. And cystic fibrosis. Just imagine the commercial possibilities if you can design and patent a probe for something like Gaucher 's disease...(69)" Recessive traits is the phenotype is seen only a homozygous recessive genotype for the traits of the interest is present. The booked talked about two of three diseases that are most common in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. The first one is Cystic fibrosis which is an inherited life-threatening disorder that effects the lungs and the digestive system. The other one mention in the book that wasn’t mention in class was Gaucher 's disease. Gaucher 's disease is a build up of fatty substances in your organs, usually in you spleen and liver. Which causes them to become bigger affecting their function. The last one that we learned in class was Tay-Sachs disease, which is a rare inherited disorder that destroys nerve cells in the brain and spinal
In 1980, the first reported case of Angelman disease was reported in America. As more and more children were being diagnosed with Angelmans disease, a professor from the University of Florida, Dr. Charles Williams, started researching the disease. Years went by with no progress, but then in 1987 Dr. Williams discovered that a code was missing from chromosome 15. This new information was a breakthrough, but it would still until 1997 to figure out that the UBE3A gene on chromosome 15 was mutilated or missing in patients diagnosed with Angelman disease. Since 1997 doctors and scientists have been able to find that Angelman disease is a neuro-genetic disorder which means that Angelman disease is very complex and attacks the nervous system. They have also been able to determine that the disease is rarely inherited and that the mutilation of the UBE3A gene occurs during sperm and egg formation.
A genetic disorder is a sickness caused by one or many abnormalities or absentees in the genes or chromosomes. One interesting genetic disorder such as cancer, are found genetic but, can also be caused and affected by many by environmental factors such as being exposed to asbestos which may increase the risk of lung cancer and many other cancers. While on the other hand most disorders like Williams Syndrome are genetic and are primarily rare and only affect a limited amount of people about one in every several thousand. Because it is a genetic disorder that is estimated between 1 in 10,000 people worldwide, primarily caused by a micro-deletion on the seventh chromosome is what indicates the disorder being Williams Syndrome.
Polycystic Kidney Disease, also known as PKD, is a common inherited gene disorder that causes the growth of cysts in the tissues of both the kidneys. The kidneys are a major organ in the excretory system; they remove wastes from the blood and form of urine. They filter the blood, keeping it clean of all wastes and have a number of other functions as well. Due to the growth of cysts on the kidneys it makes it hard to carry out these functions and the will eventually cause the kidneys to fail. This paper will discuss what PKD is, the many symptoms and treatments of PKD, and recent developments in research of this disease.
Prose, Francine. Interview by Katie Bolick. The Atlantic Online. N.p., 11 Mar. 1998. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. .
American Academy of Pediactrics. (2003). Family-Centered Care and the Pediatrician’s Role. Available: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/112/3/691.full. Last accessed 23/01/14.
the disorder depends on the status of the mother and of the father. The figure below
Genetic diseases are diseases passed down through heredity and genes. Tourette Syndrome is one of the more common genetic diseases. Although it is made fun of in television and movies, Tourette Syndrome is a very serious disorder.
Perry, S., Hockenberry, M., Lowdermilk, D., & Wilson, D. (2010). The School-Age Children and Family. Maternal child nursing care (4th ed., p. 1093). Maryland Heights, Mo. Mosby Elsevier.
Healthy Child Care America. (2007, April). Health and Safety E-News for Caregivers and Teachers. Retrieved from Healthy Child Care America: http://www.healthychildcare.org/ENewsApr07.html
Iannelli, M.D., Vincent. "Parenting Styles." About Pediatrics - Pediatric Parenting and Medical Advice. 13 Dec. 2004. Web. 21 Jan. 2011. .
Medium of publication:. Gleick, James. A.
Physical symptoms of cancer and the treatment can have serious social and emotional consequences for the diagnosed child....
Ed. Peter Singer. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 1991. 294-302.
"How Do You Affect Your Child?" My.vanderbilt.edu. WordPress, 27 Apr. 2014. Web. 05 Sept. 2016.