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Cultural aspects of sports
Stereotypical Native American roles in media and literature
Cultural aspects of sports
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Many people feel like outsiders. In the novel, Indian Horse by Richard Wagamese, it highlights how a character can change as a result of persecution. Saul faces criticism from journalists, with headlines that have racist views. Saul receives abuse from a man he thinks he can trust, Father Leboutiller. Saul’s friendship with the Kellys allows him to listen to other people’s views and receive advice. Criticism, abuse, and friendship have helped Saul develop as a person as a result of persecution. As an Indigenous hockey player, Saul receives many stereotypes. He gets criticism from the racist views of the journalists, audience, and hockey players. When Saul see’s the many headlines on newspapers about him, people yelling at him, and playing
dirty, he gets furious and starts fighting back. The Marlie’s coach tells Saul that he is not like this, but Saul states that he is giving them what they want. When playing hockey, Saul faces discrimination and hate from others, who would stereotype him as the “stoic Indian.” One day he gets tired from all the comments and decides to start fighting back and standing up for himself. Saul starts standing up for himself and from the haters, he develops from the player who was silent and did not fight back to the player who fought the most and spent the most time in the penalty box. The criticism pushes Saul to try and prove that he is a better player than others, and tries not to give into the hate because he knows he is better than that. Saul realizes that is enough and enough and people should no longer be stepping over him, and he shows this through fighting back. Saul believes that fighting back shows that he is stronger than everyone else. During his stay at St. Jerome’s residential school Saul feels like he has someone that could protect him. Father Leboutiller is seen as the friend, but he mistreats Saul by abusing him and raping him. At St. Jerome’s, Father Leboutiller was a coach who took some interest in Saul, and he decides to take advantage of Saul and rape him, he bribes Saul with hockey to keep silent. When Saul was younger, he felt as if he did talk Father Leboutiller would take away something that he enjoys and that he was good at, so he kept quiet. The abuse that Saul went through causes Saul to go through a journey to find who he is and accept his past. Saul cope is with this horrid memory by drinking and playing hockey, but it was not enough, and he starts to no longer enjoy either of his coping methods. After a long journey, Saul realizes that he can accept his past and move on, he no longer needs to hide and escape from his feelings because he has others to open up to him. Saul becomes mature by accepting what has happened to him and moving on by not seeking revenge and try to enjoy the rest of his life. Saul experiences many different types of relationships throughout the novel. When moving in with the Kelly’s he creates a bond with all of them, they were people he could rely on. Fred Kelly and Virgil offer Saul guidance throughout his life. Fred would give him advice because he understood what Saul was going through, and Virgil would listen to Saul and give him advice with hockey. They always had their arms open for Saul, willing to continually give him a chance, they gave him space even when they saw him struggling with what he was going through, but they knew he needed time. With their guidance, Saul was able to find his way through life and figure himself out. Fred and Virgil Kelly listened to Saul when he was upset, and they would always try to be there for him, they help Saul learn that he has to learn to accept what happened to him to move on. Saul takes in their advice and finally moves on. No matter where Saul went, he always trusts the Kelly’s to have their arms open for him.
A single point is similar between these two examples in the novels To Kill a Mockingbird & Indian Horse - the hardships that both blacks and Native Americans face simply because the colour of their skin differs from that of the “normal” whites. A point that makes these two races different from each other in regards to the racism that they endure, and have endured throughout history, is that the black race is headed towards hope and success for the future. An instance where this fact is proven, as Native Americans are not headed towards success, is highlighted in Indian Horse. Over the course of the novel, Saul Indian Horse has many positive and negative events occur. His emotions sky-rocket, but then soon after they plummet to the seemingly lowest they could go. As Saul progresses through the ranks of hockey, he also becomes greater familiar to the racism that abides in the world. Virgil assists Saul with the concept of “The Line”. The white race in this novel has a mindset that Native Americans have to earn the right to cross “The Line” (Wagamese 136). Soon after this realization, Saul begins to see more cases of “Lines” popping up around his life. “I started to see a line in every arena we played
Saul Indian Horse is an Ojibway child who grew up in a land which offered little contact with anyone belonging to a different kind of society until he was forced to attend a residential school in which children were being stripped away of their culture with the scope of assimilating them into a more “civilized” community. Saul’s childhood in the school, greatly pervaded by psychological abuse and emotional oppression, was positively upset once one of the priests, Father Leboutillier, introduced him to the world of hockey, which soon become his sole means of inclusion and identification, mental well-being and acknowledged self-worth in his life. It is though universally acknowledged how, for every medal, there are always two inevitably opposite
Stories are much more than just ink placed in clean rows on paper or dialogues that travel through air columns. All stories transform worldly experiences into sources of inspiration and perspicuity and Saul Indian Horse’s story is no exception. In Richard Wagamese’s novel, Indian Horse, Saul Indian Horse explains the events that have resulted in him receiving treatment for alcoholism at a rehab centre. Readers are exposed to the former hockey player’s moments of triumph, failure, and everything that falls in between. Saul mentions in his story how a leisure pursuit like hockey granted him temporary freedom and happiness from his sorrow-filled life. Saul’s example can inspire First Nations individuals to remain resilient in the face of adversity.
Indian Horse is the perfect novel for any reader who does not see positivity in a bad situation. Richard Wagamese magnificently takes the reader into an emotional rollercoaster throughout their reading journey. Wagamese superbly proves the possibility of getting back up when knocked down, no matter how many times a person is knocked down. Despite the atrocious scenes that come up, Indian Horse is an optimistic novel because it shows that Aboriginal people have positivity and hope not only negatives, and that they are not just “lazy and hopeless”: a reader can see these positives through Saul’s hard work to improve and become the best hockey player he can be, his effort to ameliorate and return to being a “normal” member of society , and the
The novel “Indian Horse” by Richard Wagamese demonstrates the many conflicts that indigenous people encounter on a daily basis. This includes things such as, the dangers they face and how they feel the need to flee to nature, where they feel the most safe. Another major issue they face is being stripped of their culture, and forcibly made to believe their culture is wrong and they are less of a human for being brought up that way, it makes them feel unworthy. Finally, when one is being criticised for a hobby they enjoy due to their indigenous upbringing, they make himself lose interest and stop the hobby as it makes them different and provokes torment. People who are trying
When individuals face obstacles in life, there is often two ways to respond to those hardships: some people choose to escape from the reality and live in an illusive world. Others choose to fight against the adversities and find a solution to solve the problems. These two ways may lead the individuals to a whole new perception. Those people who decide to escape may find themselves trapped into a worse or even disastrous situation and eventually lose all of their perceptions and hops to the world, and those who choose to fight against the obstacles may find themselves a good solution to the tragic world and turn their hopelessness into hopes. Margaret Laurence in her short story Horses of the Night discusses the idea of how individual’s responses
What do the following words or phrases have in common: “the last departure,”, “final curtain,” “the end,” “darkness,” “eternal sleep”, “sweet release,” “afterlife,” and “passing over”? All, whether grim or optimistic, are synonymous with death. Death is a shared human experience. Regardless of age, gender, race, religion, health, wealth, or nationality, it is both an idea and an experience that every individual eventually must confront in the loss of others and finally face the reality of our own. Whether you first encounter it in the loss of a pet, a friend, a family member, a neighbor, a pop culture icon, or a valued community member, it can leave you feeling numb, empty, and shattered inside. But, the world keeps turning and life continues. The late Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computers and of Pixar Animation Studios, in his 2005 speech to the graduating class at Stanford, acknowledged death’s great power by calling it “the single best invention of Life” and “Life’s great change agent.” How, in all its finality and accompanying sadness, can death be good? As a destination, what does it have to teach us about the journey?
Adjusting to another culture is a difficult concept, especially for children in their school classrooms. In Sherman Alexie’s, “Indian Education,” he discusses the different stages of a Native Americans childhood compared to his white counterparts. He is describing the schooling of a child, Victor, in an American Indian reservation, grade by grade. He uses a few different examples of satire and irony, in which could be viewed in completely different ways, expressing different feelings to the reader. Racism and bullying are both present throughout this essay between Indians and Americans. The Indian Americans have the stereotype of being unsuccessful and always being those that are left behind. Through Alexie’s negativity and humor in his essay, it is evident that he faces many issues and is very frustrated growing up as an American Indian. Growing up, Alexie faces discrimination from white people, who he portrays as evil in every way, to show that his childhood was filled with anger, fear, and sorrow.
Louise Erdrich’s short story “American horse” is a literary piece written by an author whose works emphasize the American experience for a multitude of different people from a plethora of various ethnic backgrounds. While Erdrich utilizes a full arsenal of literary elements to better convey this particular story to the reader, perhaps the two most prominent are theme and point of view. At first glance this story seems to portray the struggle of a mother who has her son ripped from her arms by government authorities; however, if the reader simply steps back to analyze the larger picture, the theme becomes clear. It is important to understand the backgrounds of both the protagonist and antagonists when analyzing theme of this short story. Albetrine, who is the short story’s protagonist, is a Native American woman who characterizes her son Buddy as “the best thing that has ever happened to me”. The antagonist, are westerners who work on behalf of the United States Government. Given this dynamic, the stage is set for a clash between the two forces. The struggle between these two can be viewed as a microcosm for what has occurred throughout history between Native Americans and Caucasians. With all this in mind, the reader can see that the theme of this piece is the battle of Native Americans to maintain their culture and way of life as their homeland is invaded by Caucasians. In addition to the theme, Erdrich’s usage of the third person limited point of view helps the reader understand the short story from several different perspectives while allowing the story to maintain the ambiguity and mysteriousness that was felt by many Natives Americans as they endured similar struggles. These two literary elements help set an underlying atmos...
Terrence and Jordin Tootoo grew up in Rankin Inlet, Nunavut, in Canada’s arctic region. They were like other Inuit children in Rankin Inlet in many respects: They were brought up to respect the customs of their people and they enjoyed the resources the land around them provided- they learned to hunt and fish for food like the others. However, the brothers were also different from their peers in one main respect- they were blessed with a love for the game of hockey, and also with extraordinary amounts of talent which would enable them to leave their native community to pursue the dream of professional hockey. While the brothers were growing up they were inseparable; however, after leaving Rankin Inlet to pursue the professional game their respective careers took strikingly different paths. Jordin’s journey took him to the top- he was drafted into the National Hockey League and signed a lucrative contract with the Nashville Predators. However, Terrence’s road to the professional ranks was filled with hardship and tragedy, ultimately resulting in his suicide in August of 2002. The contrasting paths taken by the brothers is an illustration of how professional sporting careers can have varying impacts on the lives of Native American and Canadian athletes and their communities. In the following few paragraphs I will outline the history of Native Americans and Canadians in sports. I will examine how successful Native athletes are able to help their communities, both financially and by serving as role models for younger Natives. Also, I will argue that their still exist barriers and challenges to Native athletes that do not confront other athletes. For example, Native athletes are often placed under increased scrutiny because of their positions as role models. I will conclude by commenting on how Native athletes fit into pro sports today, and speculate on what can be done to increase the amount of success enjoyed by Natives.
The exceptional novel, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian written by Sherman Alexie, possess a great amount of themes. Yet the one that stands out the most is the theme of friendship. This essay will explore the various relationships that junior has with his friends Rowdy, Roger, Penelope, and Gordy. The audience and Junior learn that friendship can be found in the most unusually places or even when its least excepted.
Who has the role of the victim in a civilization overrun with ethnic prejudices and discrimination? Native Son, a novel by Richard Wright, focuses on the effects of racism on the oppressors and the oppressed. The novel establishes the notion that in an ethnically prejudiced society, discrimination can, and will, come from anywhere, and most significant incidents do nothing but only contribute to its decline. The protagonist lives in a world of inescapable inferiority - in a society where he will never be allowed to succeed or be able to live up its seemingly high standards simply because he is a black man. Bigger is a pitiful product of American imperialism and exploitation. Bigger embodies one of humankind’s greatest tragedies of how mass oppression pervades all aspects of the lives of the oppressed as well as the oppressor, creating a complex world of misunderstanding, ignorance, pain, and suffering. Wright eloquently exploits this theme of racism and allows the reader to truly feel how the pressure and racism affects the feelings, thoughts, self-image, and life of a black person.
About a year ago, I had the privilege of listening to Fred Sasakamoose, the first Aboriginal NHL player. Fred came to my work, Cosmopolitan industries (where individuals with disabilities come to work), to talk to the participants. Truthfully, before Fred came to talk to us, I had this perceived notion about what aboriginal individuals were like from my family, friends and the media. I thought this guy was going to tell some boring story on how everyone did not believe him and blah blah blah. I also had the assumption that he was not going to have much of a story to tell because he probably did not get to play much. However, something changed for me. The participants were extremely excited to be able to meet a NHL player. It did not matter
Over the past two centuries, First Nations people have been oppressed by the Canadian society and continue to live under racism. The struggles, injustices, prejudice, and discrimination has played a significant role in the construction and impact of how they are treated and viewed in the modern society. Saul Indian Horse from Richard Wagamese's "Indian Horse" and Chanie Wenjack from Gord Downie's "The Stranger" are the perfect examples of how the belief that First Nations were inferior to the Europeans impacted the Aboriginal generations. However, both of the characters can be compared and contrasted by the following ways. As they both go through the breakdown of family bonds and the traumatic sufferings of residential schools, but they differ
As a atypical human response to ethnic discrimination in everyday life, the authors, Eudora Welty, Lorraine Hansberry, and Santha Rama Rau best portray this theme in their short stories. In “A Worn Path”, written by Eudora Welty, an elderly Negro woman by the name of Phoenix Jackson, experiences harsh remarks to many minor antagonists. In comparison, the story of Santha Rama Rau, “By Any Other Name”, enthralls readers through the assimilation of two Indian Children into British schools in their own country. “A Raisin in the Sun”, written by Lorraine Hansberry, a Negro family has to go through many trials and tribulations with the Whites, but they remain positive and resilient.