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Essay of black feminism
Limitations for black feminism
Feminism and black women's studies
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The aspect of intersection in black feminist tradition critiques of patriarchy and enhances social and political aspects in numerous ways besides contributing to the struggle for justice. Intersection refers to how oppressive systems are interconnected and cannot be handled separately. One cannot study the oppression of black women on the basis of their gender and race alone but is compelled to study other contributing factors. It is almost impossible to tackle the issue of sexism without mentioning racism because these two are intertwined. The black female feminist figure of my focus is Patricia Hill Collins, born in 1948 and famed for her book ‘Black Feminist Thought.’ and ‘On Intellectual Activism’. She is currently a respectable professor …show more content…
One of these images is: Welfare recipients (Rollins 899). These are African-American women who lack a means of livelihood and are not willing to be submissive to the black men as husbands because of the oppression in terms of being expected to be stay-at-home mums and carry out the normal chores hence forsaking their personal dreams and ambitions to progress in their careers. Some elite white men take advantage of these women by offering financial assistance but go ahead to manipulate and oppress them. Patricia Hill demystifies this image created of African-American single mothers by showing that these women have a right to chase their dreams and have the capability and capacity to live their dream in terms of career-path without having to depend on a man for their well-being (Collins 16). Through intellectual activism that she promoted through her campaigns that involved written books, talks and public lectures most African-American women that had begun living as recipients have been assisted to self-actualization. This is how social change has taken place in relation to intersection aspect of black feminist …show more content…
This is because most of them were caught between bearing the good “mammy” image put upon them while working for the elite white men’s homesteads or settle for the bad “black mother” position if they agreed to be subject in the matriarch as they faced pressure to cater for the children single-handedly (Collins 15). This problem has been experienced by very many families under black matriarchy as the mothers spend most hours of the day at their workplace as compared to doing their womanly responsibilities that are traditionally set. Most of the children brought up by these mothers end up performing poorly academically and may experience moral decay due to lack of supervision and someone to look up to in terms of mentorship. Furthermore, some of these African-American women are said to be excessively aggressive hence emasculating their male partners causing them to be deserted as most men are hesitant to tie the knot with such ladies. At the end of it all, such mothers are stigmatized by society as failures as they fail to live up to the standards set by the elite white man of a submissive, industrious servant. This is image of a black matriarch, which Patricia Hill Collins out rightly opposes, back then therefore emerged as a red-light to warn even white women who failed to corporate to the rule of submission. Intersectionality is observed here. One’s
In her essay entitled “Reflections on the Role of Black Women in the Community of Slaves,” Angela Davis sought to dispel many of the myths surrounding the roles of black women during slave times and that of the black matriarchal figure. Davis challenged the idea of a black matriarch, stating that “…the slave system did not — and could not — engender and recognize a matriarchal family structure. Inherent in the very concept of the matriarchy is power” (Davis 201). Under the circumstances of slavery, the figure known as a “black matriarch” could not possibly exist, because someone who was oppressed by slavery could not hold any true power.
Black feminist, Anna Julia Cooper advocated civil rights, education and equality between man and woman. She believed that with self determination and education anything is possible. Cooper also believed that blacks have the ability to reach their goals. Cooper was born through enslavement but educated society on the harsh reality of a black woman’s struggle. With her book, “A voice from the South by a Black Woman of the South”, Cooper gives insight of her beliefs. Many of which I believe in. With an unpromising beginning Cooper became a scholar and developed as one of the most notable black scholars in history.
Collins, Patricia. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York, NY: Routledge, 2000
In our society of today, there are many images that are portrayed through media and through personal experience that speak to the issues of black motherhood, marriage and the black family. Wherever one turns, there is the image of the black woman in the projects and very rarely the image of successful black women. Even when these positive images are portrayed, it is almost in a manner that speaks to the supposed inferiority of black women. Women, black women in particular, are placed into a society that marginalizes and controls many of the aspects of a black woman’s life. As a result, many black women do not see a source of opportunity, a way to escape the drudgery of their everyday existence. For example, if we were to ask black mother’s if they would change their situation if it became possible for them to do so, many would change, but others would say that it is not possible; This answer would be the result of living in a society that has conditioned black women to accept their lots in lives instead of fighting against the system of white and male dominated supremacy. In Ann Petry’s The Street, we are given a view of a black mother who is struggling to escape what the street symbolizes. In the end though, she becomes captive to the very thing she wishes to escape. Petry presents black motherhood, marriage and the black family as things that are marginalized according to the society in which they take place.
and the academic endeavour, to illuminate the experiences of African American women and to theorize from the materiality of their lives to broader issues of political economy, family, representation and transformation” (Mullings, page xi)
Collins, Patricia Hill. "Mammies, Matriarchs, and Other Controlling Images." Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge, 2000. 89. Print.
In society black women are no longer represented as the nurturing, protective, loving, and caring mother, no...
In her noteworthy article “Mapping the Margins”, Kimberlé Crenshaw, the woman who coined the term “intersectionality”, discussed how she did so in order to address the various ways in which race and gender interact in order to shape the multiple dimensions of Black women's experiences with employment. While this text is very well-known within scholarly spaces, many scholars still misconstrue the meaning of this term.
Many significant figures in black history have believed in communism as a system holding the potential to alleviate the inequalities that the structure of a largely capitalism-based society has imposed on their people. Amongst those figures is Claudia Jones, an influential black activist during the mid 1900’s. Jones’ faith in socialism extended past its ability to correct longstanding traditions and habits of racial discrimination. She believed, as Angela Davis states in her analysis of the position of women in context of their race and class, “that socialism held the only promise of liberation for Black Women, for Black people as a whole and indeed for the multi-racial working class” (Davis 169). For Jones, socialism held every possibility of fulfilling that promise of equality for all peoples, enabling her to remain “a dedicated Communist” (169) for the entirety of her adult life. Jones’ adherence to Communist tenets contributed to her identity as “the radical black female subject” (Davies 1) whom Carol Boyce Davies deems crucial in the advancement of Marxist-Leninist theory to the “critique of class oppression, imperialist aggression, and gender subordination” (2). Jones saw socialism as a way that could correct all of those issues, but specifically she interested herself in the plight of the working-class black woman and in that of all women. In that light, her understanding of Marx’s socialism must be viewed as distinctly feminist.
Working in African American Studies gave Patricia the intellectual space to question the boxes that people generally use to frame issues within disciplinary fields. She also developed links between Women's Studies and Sociology. In 1990, Collins published her first book, "Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment". The major themes of her work primarily concerns issues involving feminism and gender within the African-American community. She spoke about the framing of "The Black family" calling it problematic because it neglected an understanding of families within the wider context of oppression and resistance. Some of her major works include; Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, From Black Power To Hip Hop, Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism, Intersectionality, Another Kind of Public Education: Race, Schools, the Media and Democratic Possibilities, Fighting Words: Black Women and the Search for Justice in 1998. She has some chapters in a couple of books that don't belong to her. Collins, also has numerous awards. I chose to write over her simply to just learn about her because I had
Before this organization, movements did not think to study how race and sex and gender, and other marginalized identities, intersect to create a unique form and experience of oppression. This document, therefore, does not support fractionalized movements, like lesbian separatism or the exclusion of black women from roles of leadership in either the feminist or anti-racist movements. They see mainstream movements without an intersectional framework as exclusive and therefore unproductive. Because these women understand the hardships that come with single-issue movements, they include the perspective of queer women of color, who other social justice movements constantly overlook and undermine their issues. Additionally, the Collective focuses on their self-love and self-appreciation as women of color. Since there is such a strong force of oppression and dehumanization towards women of color, and black women, in particular, others, including black men, could see their expression of self-love as radical. Additionally, the fact that they “reject pedestals, queenhood, and walking ten paces behind. To be recognized as human, levelly human, is enough,” continues to challenge the dehumanization of black women, either by idolizing them or by shaming and devaluing them. This statement targets men who fetishize black women as “queens” but at the same time
Basic human rights issues need to be addressed; with a feminist’s perspective, the oppression of people based on class, race, gender, sexuality, nationality, and physical ability can be clearly examined and abolished. A feminist’s ideological tool, “Intersectionality”, can help us better understand systematically determined levels of oppression. Redlined real estate developments, discriminating businesses, and racist incarceration rates, need to be examined with an intersectional lens. Intersectionality, the concept behind the intersectional lens, is an elaborate equation of one's intersecting traits. These intersecting traits are as follows: class, race, gender, sexuality, nationality and physical ability. Monique Wittig addresses how intersectionality
My initial impressions of Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology by Barbara Smith was just shocked. I was shocked to see how many similarities that I was able to draw between my life and Smith’s. Smith’s family fled Georgia and moved to Cleveland to escape the racial tensions of the south. When I was young (round two years old) my family had moved from Nigeria to America to escape economic struggles and in pursuit of education. Similarly, while Smith and her sister were raised with a southern upbringing and emphasis on home being Georgia, I was raised with a Nigerian upbringing and emphasis on home being Nigeria—a concept that I couldn’t comprehend until my first trip home in 2009-2010. I lived in an poor community in Baltimore, like Smith
In America racial imperialism helps to create a sense of culture based hierarchy in forms of gender, race, sex and social classes which leads certain races and classes to feel inferior of others. In this case, specifically speaking of black women in general, different events throughout history have gone on to continuously overlook the black woman and her experiences from the beginning of slavery to present day. After countless times of going unnoticed during women rights and black Movements (Women’s Suffragette Civil Rights Movement, Black Nationalism movement, Black Panthers movement, and others), black women felt the movements did not shed light beyond the freedom and redemption of the black man and white women. As a result of the neglectfulness
A black woman won’t face sexism and then racism independently of each other, but a racialized sexism that can only be understood by addressing them together. Modern day feminists have taken this idea and applied it to all aspects of life that can cause a person to face adversity or privilege, including but not limited to gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, race, religion, and nationality. Looking at someone’s individual situation as something with different facets of privilege and oppression has helped feminists to approach the movement in the way to help all women. My own experiences have come from the intersections between my white and socioeconomic privileges and the oppressions that I face as a woman. These oppressions and privileges stem from the patriarchal ideologies of the social superstructure and show how intersectionality is faced at the personal