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Personal perspective of nursing theory
Philosophy and theory of nursing
Philosophy and theory of nursing
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Paradigm is a sum of a person’s belief as well as the understandings of any facts and experience that he/she comes across. In nursing science, the paradigm addresses the most abstract set of central concepts include: the person, environment, health, and nurse perception towards a patient. For the nurse, paradigm creates a nursing frame work that “provides comprehensive perspective for nursing practice” (Alligood, 2014, p.45). Nursing theories are developed from this frame work and these theories are the guiding structures of nursing practice, postulate the focus for the delivery of nursing care, critical thinking, and decision making. These theories may develop from “a philosophy, a nursing model, a more abstract nursing theory, or a framework from another discipline” (Alligood, 2014, p.43).
Paradigm Cases
According to her parents, she was very active and didn’t have any other health histories. These changes had happened suddenly and they brought her to the hospital for further evaluation and checkup. Parents were very anxious, very tearful, and do not know how to help their child. Physician ordered a stat head computerized tomogram (CT) and the CT revealed a huge mass on her frontal area of the brain suspected malignancy. The neuro surgeon explained them she needed a stat surgical removal of the tumor and the girl need to be in the hospital for quite long time for further treatment. The doctor could not give them much hope on whether or not the girl’s tumor would be treated and if she would go back to her normal
There are certain aspects that may have provided better treatment, but probably could not have prevented the tragedy. Clear communication and understanding for the culture were essential aspects that were lacking during her treatment. Additionally, the presence of a questionnaire like the one developed by Arthur Kleinman would have bridged the gap between the patient and the provider (Fadiman, 1997, p. 260).
Laura Copeland was a twenty four year old Peace Corp representative in Ethiopia. During her work her health seemed to be “off” (Magic Foundation 2014). Some of the odd health effects were extreme weight gain, deep purple stretch marks, slow wound healing, hair loss, “severely depressed with suicidal ideation”, and a ceased menstrual cycle. Her Manager and the other people involved with her care became severely concerned. She was flown out to Washington D.C. to get a medical evaluation, and was placed on suicide watch in the mental ward. She spent 28 days in the hospital being poked, and prodded as a “human lab rat.” While all this testing was going on a nurse noticed on Laura’s ID that her face had become significantly rounder in appearance than it was when the picture was taken ”moon face”. She mentioned this to Laura’s doctors who immediately ordered a 24 hour urinary sample. The nurse’s suspicions were confirmed, and Laura was diagnosed with Cushing’s disease. After receiving an MRI a tumor was located on Laura’s pituitary gland. Laura received three brain surgeries to remove the “gooey tumor.” Laura’s cortisol levels are still not, and may never return to normal. However with diet, exercise, and medication she can keep the symptoms in control for now.
Nursing theories are based on four meta-paradigms which are commonly accepted in the nursing profession. These include nursing, person, health, and environment. These meta-paradigms are represented in Dr. Barnard’s Nursing PCI
Creasia, J., & Friberg, E. (2011). Conceptual foundations: The bridge to professional nursing practice. (5th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.
The nursing profession is considered both an art and a science. An example of the science of nursing is the theory and evidence based practice guidelines (EBP), which influence a nurses practice. The art of nursing is fluid of bringing science and patient care into nursing practice. Nurses in all levels of nursing educational programs should study nursing theory. According to Eun-Ok (2015) theory evaluation has declined and it is essential to developing nursing knowledge; which, leads to the development of nursing discipline. Nursing theory should be continually evolving as current health care trends evolve. The best way to accomplish this is through incorporating theory in academia and nursing
Parker M. E., & Smith M. C. (2010). Nursing theories and nursing practice (3rd ed.).
My personal nursing philosophy and fundamental beliefs of nursing using the four meta-paradigms concepts: nature of human beings, health, environment, and nursing. First, I believe that the profession of nursing is all about the nature of human beings as people. Care involves the patient as a whole, not just as a disease process. Second, I believe that health is on the same continuum as illness. Health is more about quality of life. Third, it is also necessary to look beyond the patient to the environment in which he/she lives in. This is important because people come from different backgrounds and have their own story, we cannot separate patients from their environment because they are interrelated. Last, I think that nursing involves being with the individual patient and having an active roll with them. This process of being engaged in meaningful relationships requires we as nurses be actively
Theory’s responsibility is to provide nurses with standards that reinforce practice, as well as, for future nursing understanding and delivery. Basically, it provides nursing professionals with a tested way of thought on how to handle certain situations with proven results. The importance of nursing theories to nursing research is the knowledge offered gives nurses the foundation for communicating with others and best practice. Middle range theory according to McEwen & Wills (2011, p 35) are theories that have concrete concepts, that are specific, incorporate a measured number of concepts and characteristics of the real world and are tested for accuracy.
Nursing theories developed by scientists provide a framework for the process of establishing nursing as a profession with a specific body of knowledge including nursing language, and nurse is able to communicate inside in and outside of the profession. Theory supports and defines nursing practice and is used in practice situation to provide solution to the problem, provides guidelines in patient’s quality care, and helps to resolve nursing challenges. The benefits of middle-range theories found primarily in the research studies to address particular client population, in education, patient
To make good nursing decisions, nurses require an internal roadmap with knowledge of nursing theories. Nursing theories, models, and frameworks play a significant role in nursing, and they are created to focus on meeting the client’s needs for nursing care. According to McEwen and Wills (2014), conceptual models and theories could create mechanisms, guide nurses to communicate better, and provide a “systematic means of collecting data to describe, explain, and predict” about nursing and its practice (p. 25). Most of the theories have some common concepts; others may differ from one theory to other. This paper will evaluate two nursing theorists’ main theories include Sister Callista Roy’s
Nursing theories are actions care that a nurse provides to a patient to prevent a sickness, maintain and promote health. Many of the theorists contribute to a frame work or a blueprint of how nurses should provide care to patients. Many these theories are part of nursing care and most of them they go hand in hand. Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of nursing (Chinn and Jacobs1978).Nursing is apprehensive with laws and principles governing the life processes and functioning of sick or well human beings. Nursing theories are beneficial in understanding the knowledge of nursing and its application (Smith and Liehr, 2008).
McIntyre, M. & McDonald, C. (2014). Nursing Philosophies, Theories, Concepts, Frameworks, and Models. In Koizer, B., Erb, G., Breman, A., Snyder, S., Buck, M., Yiu, L., & Stamler, L. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Canadian nursing (3rd ed.). (pp.59-74). Toronto, Canada: Pearson.
Creasia, J.L., Frieberg, E.E., (2011) Conceptual Foundations: The Bridge to Professional Nursing Practice. Fifth Edition. Elsevier Mosby. St Louis, Missouri 63043
Nursing is considered one of the most trusted professions in the world. It is an essential part in the caregiving of sick, injured, and even healthy individuals. Developing a philosophy with any profession is the beginning basis of any practice. The nursing philosophy is usually incorporated from the science of nursing. That is because the field of health care is constantly changing, which causes the need of better competence in the health field of providing caring (Flagg, 2015). With nursing it starts by the science behind it. Then along with knowledge and experiences, that is when the nursing philosophy is developed. Researching differences between new ideas and cultural differences can then expand the viewpoint into a bigger picture.
Nursing theory can be applied to resolve nursing problems or issues, irrespective of the field of practice. A nursing theory benefits nurses and the patients that are in his or her charge. . Depending on the issue or problem that is needed to be solved determines what theory needs to be used. Nursing theory started with Florence Nightingale. She believed that a clean environment would promote better health. Virginia Henderson’s need theory emphasizes the need to ensure that the patient’s independence is being increased while in a health care facility. Ensuring that a patient can increase his or her independence allows for them to experience better outcomes upon discharge home. This is just two examples of nursing theories that were used