Nursing theories are the support of nursing practice today. They are significant to nursing practice, education and scientific research because they help to determine, what is already known, and what additional knowledge and skills are needed. Nurses are usually first exposed to nursing theories during nursing education and further exposure comes from hands on training. The gained knowledge, about nursing theories, through education and training enhances better outcomes for patients and caregivers, allows application of professional boundaries, and assists in decision making. In this paper I will attempt to analyze, in general, the importance of nursing theory to the nursing profession; discuss middle-range theory, furthermore Benner’s model of skill acquisition, and how this theory addresses nursing’s metaparadigm; and how this theory views nursing education.
Over the past century, nursing made remarkable accomplishment that has led to the recognition of nursing as an academic discipline and as a profession. Essential in this journey, has been both, the belief that nursing must raise the nature of its work and that nursing is different from medicine, but similarly worthy of professional status. While there is no general agreement as to what establishes correct features of a profession, the following features are frequently distinguished: “a unique body of knowledge, altruistic service to society, a code of ethics, significant education and socialization, and autonomy in practice, i.e. reasonable independence in decision- making about practice and control of the work situation and conditions” (Liaschenko & Peter, 2003, p. 489). These features are clearly distinguished in nursing profession and validated by pr...
... middle of paper ...
...160.172/NSTD/V17/N46/3425.pdf
English, I. (1993). Intuition as a function of the expert nurse: a critique of Benner's novice to expert model. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 18(3), 387-393.
Gobet, F., & Chassy, P. (2008). Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing: a discussion paper. International Journal Of Nursing Studies, 45(1), 129-139.
Liaschenko, J., & Peter, E. (2004). Nursing ethics and conceptualizations of nursing: profession, practice and work. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 46(5), 488-495.
Lyneham, J., Parkinson, C., & Denholm, C. (2008). Explicating Benner's concept of expert practice: intuition in emergency nursing. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 64(4), 380-387. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04799.x
Murphy, D. (2012). Novice to Expert: Clinical Ladder Programs as a Recruitment and Retention Tool. Ohio Nurses Review, 87(5), 16-17.
The purpose of this paper is to define, describe, and explain the thoughts, feelings and beliefs of the author in regard to the philosophy of nursing practice. Philosophy is the study of ideas about knowledge, truth, nature, and meaning of a subject Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, (n.d.). I will address the four concepts of the nursing metaparadigm and the relationships of each as they guide my practice as a nurse. This concept synthesis paper will address the personal nursing autobiography, two practice specific concepts, and a list of propositions and assumption statements that clearly connect the described concepts. Many factors influence the philosophy of nurses and their practice.
Within nursing literature it is widely recognised that there are two models of decision making: the information processing model (‘analytical model’); and the intuitive-humanist model (‘intuitive model’) (Banning, 2008). The analytical model supports a nurse basing a decision on examining rational logic whilst the intuitive model marks the move from notice to expert, with the expert able to rely on their experience to guide their actions, similar to Carper’s (1978) “ways of knowing”. However it is important to remember that intuition relies on a thought that a nurse may not recall outside of the moment, which questions the accuracy of solely using intuitive judgement. Many studies are reliant on participant recall and conclude that in reality nurses will often use a combination of reasoning patterns to arrive at a decision. The combination of reasoning patterns fits more into heuristics, where a complex decision can be simplified through the use of experiential knowledge (Benner et al, 1996). Nurses have been shown, in qualitative studies, to rely on heuristics in order to reach decisions quickly and efficiently (Cioffi et al, 2005; Simmons et
Benner’s novice to expert theory describes competency progression throughout a nursing career regardless of practice level. Central to Benner’s theory is the acknowledgement that a change in role would correspond to a change in level of expertise; additionally the domains and competencies presented in the theory are pivotal components applicable to all levels of nursing, including the advance practice role of nurse
From observations of “chess players and airline pilots,” Benner extrapolated a theory that systematically describes five stages of nursing practice: first, novice; then, advanced beginner; competent; proficient; and, finally, expert (Johnson, 2015, 179; Benner, 2001, 21-35). Unlike most theorists, who centralize the patient, Benner’s Model of Skill Acquisition in Nursing emphasizes the importance of the nurse’s “skilled performance based upon experience” in the clinical setting (Benner, 2001, 36). In her theory, Benner thus describes each component of the nursing metaparadigm as a catalyst of the nurse’s
Watson, J. (1985). Nursing: Human Science and Human. Norwalk; CT: Appleton – Century – Crofts.
The American Nurses Association (ANA) developed a foundation for which all nurses are expected to perform their basic duties in order to meet the needs of the society we serve. The ANA “has long been instrumental in the development of three foundational documents for professional nursing; its code of ethics, its scope and standards of practice, ands statement of social policy.” (ANA, 2010, p. 87) The ANA defined nursing as “the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” and used to create the scope and standards of nursing practice. (ANA, 2010, p. 1) These “outline the steps that nurses must take to meet client healthcare needs.” () The nursing process, for example, is one of the things I use daily. Other examples include communicating and collaborating with my patient, their families, and my peers, and being a lifelong learner. I continually research new diagnoses, medications, and treatments for my patients. As a nurse of ...
As I reflect on my nursing career, I am reminded of the skills that have allowed me to develop what I know in nursing. In Barbara A. Carper’s “Patterns of Knowing,” there are four necessary components which connect to know the whole of nursing. These patterns include Empirics, Esthetics, Ethics and personal knowledge. Through Carpers theory, nurses are able to reflect on scenarios that “provide pathways to which the fullness of a situation can be known” (Johns, 1995, p. 227).
Nursing theory is an important part of the nursing profession. Nursing theory serves as a guide to assessment, intervention and evaluation of patient care. Theory provides the basis, or framework, of the nursing profession and helps to show the unique qualities of the profession (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2015). Nursing is a profession that’s guided by structure, discipline and dedication. Nursing theory provides criteria by
Preusser, B. (2008). 4th Ed. Winningham and Preusser’s critical thinking in nursing: Medical-surgical, pediatric, maternity, and psychiatric case studies. New York: Elsevier/Mosby Inc.
"Philosophy is an attitude towards life that evolves from each nurses’ beliefs" (Parker, 2001). It is the philosophy that underlies our practice what brings to life our desire to be nurses. Philosophy is essential because it is the natural extension of our interest in knowing the truth (Parker, 2001). A metaparadigm is the widest perspective of the discipline and a way to describe the concepts that concern the profession of nursing (McEwen & Wills, 2014). In this paper, my philosophy of nursing will be discussed through reflection on the four nursing metaparadigm concepts to determine if anything should be added or taken out.
To make good nursing decisions, nurses require an internal roadmap with knowledge of nursing theories. Nursing theories, models, and frameworks play a significant role in nursing, and they are created to focus on meeting the client’s needs for nursing care. According to McEwen and Wills (2014), conceptual models and theories could create mechanisms, guide nurses to communicate better, and provide a “systematic means of collecting data to describe, explain, and predict” about nursing and its practice (p. 25). Most of the theories have some common concepts; others may differ from one theory to other. This paper will evaluate two nursing theorists’ main theories include Sister Callista Roy’s
The significance of the knowing patterns conveys that the structure of discipline that must be present for learning, does not represent the complete approach to problems, and/or questions, and that the knowledge of knowing can change (Barbara A. Carper, 1978). By knowing the restrictions, it helps change the process of learning and create new patterns. Conclusion The process of knowing in nursing is a complex process that involves four major components: empirics, esthetics, personal knowing, and ethics. Carper’s compilation of different theorist’s ideas on the fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing reviews what a nurse needs to know to provide the best care possible. It helps address patterns of knowledge that can and cannot be taught to a nursing student.
Burkhardt, M. A., & Nathaniel, A. (2013). Ethics and issues in contemporary nursing. Cengage Learning.
In her theory, nursing skills and experiences are what is required to become an expert. Each step a nurse takes to build up their skills to master the expert level is built upon the previous steps. The nurse needs to have a good foundation in order to move them closer to obtaining the expert level. Benner’s theory also showed that practicing nurses can and should form theory (Current Nursing, 2013). Benner’s theory has five levels: the novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient and expert. The novice needs to be told what to do. Advanced beginner can recognize components that reoccur. A competent nurse is one that has had two-three years in the same type of situations. The proficient nurse starts to look at the whole picture and starts to critically think. The expert nurse does not need to look at the guidelines to react. An expert nurse has had many similar situations that, he or she can reflect upon a situation, analyze it and react quickly. Benner’s theory will be applied by discussing the problem,. a strategy to solve the problem,. discussion around the strategy and problem,. and finally the conclusion,. which will state what new knowledge was gathered by the
Patricia Benner’s Novice to Expert Model of Nursing is derived from The Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition, which was a model based off of a study of chess players and pilots. Benner’s model emphasizes the concept that there are five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Each level builds upon the previous one and shapes clinical judgement and proficiency from education and experiences attained throughout a nurse’s education and career (Benner, 1982).