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Chapter 6 anxiety disorders
Overview essay of anxiety disorders
Chapter 6 anxiety disorders
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My case study focuses on Anxiety Disorder, specifically Panic Disorder. In this case, my patient Joe experienced his first panic attack while shopping at his local supermarket. He experienced rising heart rate, dizziness, and perfuse sweating, all symptoms of a panic attack. Rushing out of the market because he was fearful of passing out, Joe immediately felt better, however, he became even more anxious when he thought about having another panic attack. Associating supermarkets with his experience, he refused to shop in crowded markets and opted for a quiet shop close to home instead. A few weeks later, while driving home from work, Joe felt another panic attack coming on. Worried he might lose control, he pulled off the road and felt better …show more content…
Although this made him nervous at first, Joe listed all these activities, and was able to successfully list them in order of how anxious each made him feel. We made predictions about what might happen when he did the things on the list and how he would manage each possibility. He eased into these activities gradually and recorded his progress. His confident increased as he worked through the list and he was progressively able to manage his anxiety and panic as his apprehension reduced. When the eight sessions came to a conclusion, Joe had achieved all of his …show more content…
Treatment routes differ depending on many variables including the client, the severity of their experiences and their history with medication. However, the most common treatment routes include Psychotherapy, Medication, and a combination of the both. If the therapist decides to go the route of just Psychotherapy, the client and the therapist will typically agree on a set number of meetings and will make a plan for what they hope to accomplish from their sessions. This plan will usually include five steps to overcoming Panic Disorder. These include the Learning, Monitoring, Breathing, Rethinking, and Exposing steps. In the learning step, the person suffering learns about Panic Disorder, how to identify the symptoms, and the treatment plan. In the monitoring stage, the patient will record their experiences and any occurrences that might cause elevated anxiety. In the third phase “Breathing,” the patient will learn relaxation techniques to decrease the symptoms of Panic Disorder. The fourth phase, called “Rethinking” allows the patient to look at the symptoms they experience from a more optimistic perspective and includes discussing the possible outcomes of certain events. In the final stage, the patient exposes themselves to activities that previously made them anxious or were associated with panic attacks. While this has been proven to be a very effective treatment, medication is sometimes administered instead of,
This means we may explore evidence-based ways to help lessen symptoms of depression/anxiety, such as nutrition/lifestyle changes, exercise and/or learning stress reducing techniques. Ultimately, each therapy experience is unique to each individual and guided by you as the client.
When anxiety disorders are treated, the fact that often both treatments are
Pollard, C. Alec, and Elke White. The Agoraphobia Workbook: a Comprehensive Program to End Your Fear of Symptom Attacks. Oakland, Calif.: New Harbinger, 2003. Print.
In order to treat the fear you must treat it with relaxation while in the presence of the feared situation. The first step in Wolpe’s study was to focus on relaxing your body. He recommended a process that involves tensing and relaxing various groups of muscles until a deep state of relaxation is achieved (Wolpe,264). The second stage was to develop a list of anxiety-producing situations that are associated with the phobia. The list would descend with from the least uncomfortable situation to the most anxiety producing event you can imagine. The number of events can vary from 5 to 20 or more. The final step is to desensitize, which is the actual “unlearning” of the phobia. Wolpe told his patients that no actual contact with the fear is necessary, and that the same effectiveness can be accomplished through descriptions and visualizations(Wolpe,265). Wolpe’s participants are told to put themselves in a state of relaxation which they are taught. Then, the therapist begins reading the first situation on the hierarchy they have made up. If the patient stays relaxed through the first situation the therapist continues to the next until the state of relaxation is broken. If they feel a slight moment of anxiety they are to raise their index finger until the state of relaxation is restored. The average number
About three percent of men and women in the U.S. suffer from Generalized anxiety disorder (APAA). It is one of the most common forms of anxiety and seems to be the most left untreated because people don’t know that it can be treated (McGradles). GAD, although it affects many, is a disorder that can be detrimental to the quality of life of an individual. With the regard to the quality of life, the level of severity that a person experiences is a great factor in determining more information. The accumulated information is a defining feature in figuring the dissimilarity of the normal fight or flight response and the diagnoses of GAD. The disorder itself is that of excessive worry (AnxietyBC) about everyday things like, financial situations, school, family, or health (APAA). Having three or more symptoms such as nausea, shaking, sweating, hot flashes, headaches, and many others, is what contributes to the diagnosis (Patel). By understanding what the disorder is and how it can be treated, Generalized Anxiety Disorder is a serious, yet gradually treatable issue.
Over time, when a person panic attack becomes a common occurrence, when it is not provoked by any particular situation and when a person begins to worry about having attacks and changes their behavior as a result of worrying then a diagnoses of panic disorder maybe given. People who suffer from panic disorder have attacks in intervals meaning everyday for a week and it goes for weeks or months. Some people have attacks less frequently but more regularly such as once every week for months. Between full- blown panic attacks, they might have more minor bouts of panic. Most people who develop panic disorder usually do so between late adolescence and in their mid- thirties. This disorder tends to be chronic once it begins. A study done by Ehlers, 1995 found that 92% of patients with panic disor...
MacNeil, G. (2001). Time-limited psychosocial treatment for specific panic disorders and agoraphobia. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 1(1), 29-41. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/1.1.29
The therapist will ask a variety of questions and based on the responses they will seek meaning in those responses, a type of Socratic line of questioning. This line of questioning is to get the patient to view problems differently and come up with alternative solutions. When these alternative solutions are identified then experiments can be conducted to test if these solutions will work. When the patient responds with avoidance, lessened activity or behaviors that can be detrimental to their treatment they risk having the problems continuing or the person feeling worse. The therapist will work to gradually lessen the patient’s anxiety to the point where they are comfortable with trying new behavior skills that will eventually get rid of the
Panic disorder is an anxiety-repeated disorder that affects approximately five percent of the population (Roy-Byrne, Craske, & Stein, 2006). A diagnosis of panic disorder requires that the individual experiences recurrent panic attacks with any of the following: worry about the possibility of future attacks, avoiding places or situations in which the individual fears a panic attack may occur, fear of being unable to escape or obtain help, or any other change in behavior due to the attacks (Roy-Byrne, Craske, & Stein, 2006). Panic attacks are often sudden and the sufferer usually experience physical symptoms such as autonomie, otoneurological, gastrointestinal,or cardiorespiratory distress (Roy-Byrne, Craske, & Stein, 2006). Individuals who suffer from panic disorder typically utilize medical services at a higher rate than those who do not have panic disorder, an impaired social life, and a reduced quality of life (Taylor, 2006). Often times those who suffer from panic disorder may also suffer from depression and general anxiety (Taylor, 2006). According to the Stanford University School of medicine, approximately 50 percent of patients diagnosed with panic disorder will develop depression and approximately 50 percent of depressed patients will develop panic disorder (Taylor, 2006). In addition those who suffer from panic disorder have a higher incidence of suicide, especially those with comorbid depression (Taylor, 2006). Not everyone who experiences a panic attack suffers from panic disorder (Roy-Byrne, Craske, & Stein, 2006). The same physical symptoms of panic disorder may occur when an individual is faced with specific fears and potentially dangerous situations (Roy-Byrne, Craske, & Stein, 2006). The difference b...
There are several types of anxiety disorders. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) involves excessive worrying, nervousness and tension. With this disorder, there is a constant feeling of dread that shapes your entire life. This type of anxiety doesn’t have the intensity of a panic attack, however lasts longer and makes daily life and relaxing impossible. People with GAD worry that a friendship is in jeopardy if a missed phone call to a friend isn’t returned to them. The thought of getting through the day can cause anxiety. GAD makes people worry excessively and the worrying is constant. These people feel as though their mind is on a nonstop running marathon and there is nothing they can do about it. To help treat GAD there are several self-help tips to follow. One can look at their worries in a new way and understand that worries are triggered and the blame cannot be put on anyone else. Another helpful tip is to relax. “As you strengthen your ability to relax, your nervous system will become less reactive and you’ll be less vulnerable to anxiety and stress. Over time, the relaxation response will come easier and easier, until it feels natural,” (Smith, Segal, and Segal). Meditation, ...
Panic disorder and panic attacks stem from the same seed but explain it with actual facts will help understand the medical condition which is now being recognized (Mayo Clinic) an attack is described as an intense fear that triggers several physical reactions when there is no real danger. Study now has proved that if you had recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and spent long periods in constant fear you may be diagnosed with what we call a condition panic disorder. Some descriptive characteristics per (Mayo Clinic) are Sense of impending doom or danger, rapid heart rate, trembling, chills, nausea, hyperventilation, chest pain, dizziness, tightness in your throat, shortness of breath.
Do you know what it feels like to have your palms sweat, throat close up, and your fingers tremble? This is the everyday life of someone who lives with anxiety. As soon as I wake up in the morning, I hear my brain freaking out about the day ahead of me. What do I eat for breakfast? What do I do first when I get home from school? What happens if I get in a car crash on my way to school? A million thoughts at one time racing through my head. I never have the time to process all of them. Most mornings, I lay in my bed and have to take a few deep breaths to begin my hectic but not so hectic day. That’s just the beginning. It’s safe to say that I feel that I 'm an anxious person and that I have an anxiety disorder.
The difference between normal worrying and generalized anxiety disorder are the accompanying symptoms as well as the length of time the worrying persists. To occasionally torment oneself with or suffer from distressing thoughts is classified as normal worrying. The symptoms of worrying may vary, but most people experience disturbed feelings and the mental fatigue of being overly concerned with a circumstance. On the other hand, with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) one experiences excessive anxiety under most circumstances, expecting the worst even when there is no obvious or visible reason for concern. The symptoms are being agitated, on edge, easily tired, having difficulty concentrating, muscle tension, and issues with sleep. GAD usually develops during childhood or the adolescent years and the symptoms last as long as six months as opposed to normal worrying which dissipates in a much shorter length of time. (Word count: 141)
...e mental illnesses that are more common than our society realizes. The community should be more educated as how to properly handle someone who is affected by it. Facing your fears is not an option if you are scared of the fear itself. Having support from someone could prevent a panic attack and help tremendously because it is always comforting to know you are not alone. The most effective way to help someone with an anxiety disorder is first understanding the differences between feeling nervous and owning anxiety disorders. It is an illness that is capable of dealing a lot of damage to a person’s mental health, and without proper help can be fatal. Anxiety disorders can easily evolve into depression and can make a person feel trapped or even suicidal. Knowing the proper procedures can greatly affect people with these disorders and could possibly save someone’s life.
Mandos, Laura A., Reinhold, Jennifer A., and Rickels, Karl. “Achieving Remission in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: What are the Treatment Options? Psychiatric Times 26.2 (2009): 38-41. Print.