Osteomyelitis Essay

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Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone or bone marrow. Osteomyelitis is a very destructive disease that affects the skeletal system. Most commonly affected bones of the skeletal system are the long bones. Osteomyelitis can be caused from a broken bone, or even from a hospital stay. The total prevalence of osteomyelitis in the general population is about 1 in 5,000 patients, while in newborns it is about 1 in 1,000. (Mantero) This paper will explain the types, causes, individuals at risk, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of osteomyelitis.
Osteomyelitis has three types: acute, sub-acute, and chronic. All three types start at different times after an injury, initial infection, or start of underlying disease. Acute osteomyelitis develops within two weeks. Sub-acute osteomyelitis develops within one or two months. Chronic Osteomyelitis starts at least after two months.
Osteomyelitis is mostly caused by bacteria. In most cases bacteria called staphylococcus aureus is to blame. (WebMD) Some cases might by caused by fungi or other germs. The bacteria can spread to the bone from infected skin, muscle, to tendons next to the bone. The infection can travel through the blood and spread to the bone, or surgery can also cause osteomyelitis. If any metal is used during surgery, or an open fracture is present, the bone is exposed to air where bacteria can enter.
Osteomyelitis does not affect one person over another. It can occur in adults, children, and even in infants. In children, osteomyelitis occurs as an acute condition from a complication of a pre-existing blood infection called hematogenous osteomyelitis. Sub-acute and chronic osteomyelitis is more common in adults and is usually caused by ...

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...rgeon will remove whatever infected bone he/she can, as well as any infected tissue in that area. The open space left after removal of bone can be filled with bone graft or packing material. The graft will help form new bone and helps the body repair damaged blood vessels. Metal rods, plates, and screws may be needed to stabilize the bone and graft. If the infection continues, sometimes it may be necessary to amputate all or part of the infected limb. (MNT)
If osteomyelitis is caught early enough, the prognosis is good. Patients usually make a full recovery. The most important aspect of osteomyelitis recovery depends on the patient taking care of their body. Eating a well-balanced diet will boost immune system, quitting smoking will help circulation, good hygiene will protect you from infections, and regular exercise can also help with your immune system.

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