DEFINITIONS Cystitis is the medical term for inflammation of the urinary bladder. Most of the time, the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection, and it’s called a urinary tract infection. A bladder infection can be painful and annoying, and it can become a serious health problem if the infection spreads to your kidney. Cystitis is a common female problem. Its is estimated that 50% of adult women experience at least one episode of dysuria; half of these people have a bacterial UTI. SYMPTOMS Cystitis signs and symptoms often include: A strong, persistent urge to urinate. A burning sensation when urinating. Passing frequent, small amounts of urine. Blood in the urine. Passing cloudy or strong-smell urine. Discomfort in the pelvic area. …show more content…
All play a role in removing waste from your body. Your kidneys filter waste from your blood and regulate the concentrations of many substances. Tubes called ureters carry urine from your kidneys to the bladder, where it’s store until it exits your body through the urethra. CAUSES (CONTINUED) Bacterial bladder infections may occur in women as a result of sexual intercourse. But even sexually inactive girls and women are susceptible to lower urinary tracts infections because the female genital area often harbors bacteria that can cause cystitis. Main types of infections: Community-acquired bladder infections. These infections occur when people who aren’t in a medical care facility develop a bladder infection. (Continued) Hospital-acquired bladder infections. These infections, occur in people in a medical care facility, such as a hospital or nursing home. Most often they happen in those who have had a urinary catheter placed through the urethra and into the bladder to collect urine, a common practice before surgical procedures, for some diagnostic test, or as a means of urinary drainage for older adults or people confined to bed. (Continued) Noninfectious …show more content…
Which drugs are used and for how depend on your overall health and the bacteria find in the urine. Cystitis cause by bacterial infection is generally treated with antibiotics. Treatment for noninfectious cystitis depends on the underlying cause. First-time infection. Symptoms often improve significantly within a day or so of antibiotic treatment. However, you’ll likely need to take antibiotics for three days to a week, depending on the severity of the infections. TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS When cystitis is suspected, the doctor first examines the person abdomen and lower back, to evaluate unusual enlargements of the kidneys or swelling of the bladder. Tests doctor may order: Urine analysis. It’s to determine whether bacteria, blood or pus is in the urine. Cystoscopy. Use to remove a small sample of tissue (biopsy) for analysis in the lab. This test most likely won’t be needed if this is the first time patient had signs or symptoms of cystitis. (Continued) Imaging tests. Imaging tests usually aren’t necessary, but in some instances, especially when no evidence of infection is found, They may be helpful. For example, an X-ray or ultrasound may help out other potential causes inflammation, such as a tumor or structure
A UTI is an infection that takes place in your bladder, kidneys or urethra. They can be identified as very painful and if not treated, it can be damaging to your body. There are two effective treatments such as the antibiotic cephalexin, and the herbal remedy uva-ursi. Both of these treatments are beneficial and used around the world today. Cephalexin is an oral medication used to treat many different types of infections. It works by preventing bacterial cells formation of a cell well. If the bacteria cannot form a cell wall, they will be incapable of survival. After taking cephalexin, symptoms almost immediately fade and your urinary tract is soon repaired. Not only is cephalexin recommended to treat UTIs, so is the herbal remedy uva-ursi. Uva-ursi is a small bush accompanied by red berries. For treatment, the stems and leaves are beneficial, and it is normally seen in the form of tea. Uva-ursi is used in certain parts of the world to treat infections and has been clinically proven to be beneficial. Both uva-ursi and cephalexin are effective treatments for urinary tract
(Urinary Tract Infection in Adults) some infections can lead to serious problems, such as kidney infections. Chronic kidney infections—infections that recur or last a long time—can cause permanent damage, including kidney scars, poor kidney function, high blood pressure Urinary tract infections is highly associated with women and them having recurring infection, UTIs are caused by usually bacteria that pass in the urethra and the bladder. Majority of the time, your body immune system can get rid of these bacteria according to (Mayo clinic) the bacteria are Escherichia coli (E. coli) a type of bacteria normally found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract other bacteria are staphylococcus, proteus, klebsiella, enterococcus, and pseudomonas. According to (webMD) Some bladder infections in both men and women have been linked to two sexually transmitted organisms: chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma. Another sexually transmitted organism, trichomonas, can cause similar
...n ones are a kidney biopsy, imagine test, blood test and kidney ultrasound. After getting a positive test for Glomerulonephritis, the adequate treatment has to be implemented. The treatment needed varies from person to person depending on the level of damage, cause of the disease and symptoms. When the patient presents hypertension, the whole treatment is focused on lowering the high blood pressure. If other disease causes Glomerulonephritis, also known as secondary Glomerulonephritis, the doctor should provide medication to control either lupus or diabetes. In severe cases, it is recommended to go trough dialysis not only to drain the excess liquid but also to low blood pressure. In addition to any treatment implemented, the patients have to modify their diets in order to keep their kidneys healthy for longer time and prevent any complications (Mayo Clinic 2014).
In addition to an endoscopy, a biopsy may be recommended. During a biopsy, a small piece of tissue is removed from an inflamed area. This piece of tissue is then examined in pathology in order to determine whether either disease is present or not.
To start off, Non-gonococcal Urethritis (NGU) refers to an infection from the tube that runs from your bladder through the penis in men or the labia in women which passes the urethra. Normally, it is caused by gonorrhea but mostly chlamydia that is a sexually transmitted disease. There are multiple different ways how Non-gonococcal Urethritis is caused. An infection with chlamydia is half the case of NGU. Chlamydia is a bacterium type of germ that may be contacted threw sexual intercourse with an infected person. Perhaps, it can be passed down in to and out of vaginal, anal, or oral sex. There are other bacterial viruses that can be the cause of this disease. No cause can be found in 3 to maybe 10 cases. Sexually transmitted infections cannot be recognized by tests if it is not shown. Also, it is not attainable to know which cases are caused by an infection and the ones that are not.
One of the most common infections that occur in the urinary system is UTIs or Urinary Tract Infection. A UTI is when bacteria gets into the urinary system, either externally or from the digestive tract, and causes pain and irritation in the urinary tract (Friedl, n.d.). UTIs are typically treated with antibiotics. A common disease of the urinary system is incontinence, which is when you lose some or all of your bladder control (Friedl, n.d.). This can also cause retention problems, which is when you have trouble releasing urine from the bladder (Friedl, n.d.). Incontinence can be treated with medication and exercise that can help to retrain the muscle around the bladder and urethra area (Friedl, n.d.). Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as painful bladder syndrome (BPS), is a type of chronic bladder condition that is primarily found in women (Zimmermann, 2016). IC can cause bladder pressure and pain, bladder scarring, and can cause less elasticity in the bladder (Zimmermann, 2016). Another form of inflammation in the urinary system is Prostatitis, the swelling of the prostate gland. Prostatitis is significant in that it only occurs in men and is often caused by advanced age (Zimmermann, 2016). It is generally cured by antibiotics. Kidney stones are an extremely painful condition that occurs in the urinary system when chemicals in the urine become
When doctors perform a cystoscopy – a procedure that involves inserting a thin scope inside the bladder – on certain interstitial cystitis patients they can see evidence of the disease: mucosal hemorrhaging or Hunner’s ulcers that bleed when the bladder is filled beyond capacity. People with IC have small capacity bladders that hold less than 300 ml, or approximately 1 cup.
ANTIBIOTICS :- Antibiotics are medicines that fight bacteria. Antibiotics can save lives, if used properly. Antibiotics either kill bacteria or keep them from multiplying. Antibiotics do not fight virus infections. For example: Cold Flu ANTIBIOTICS: Most coughs Sore throats (Exception: strep throats).
A urinary tract infection is a very common infection that can happen to anybody. A urinary tract infection usually occurs when bacteria enters the urethra and multiples in the urinary system. The Urinary tract includes the kidneys, the thin tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), and the main tube that carries the urine from the bladder (urethra). Women, men, and children are all immune to this infection. Women have the highest chances of getting it. In the Urinary tract, the main links of the ureters help get rid of any bacteria that tries to enter the urine, and the bladder helps prevent urine from backing up into the kidneys.
Hospital acquired infections are one of the most common complications of care in the hospital setting. Hospital acquired infections are infections that patients acquired during the stay in the hospital. These infections can cause an increase number of days the patients stay in the hospital. Hospital acquired infections makes the patients worse or even causes death. “In the USA alone, hospital acquired infections cause about 1.7 million infections and 99,000 deaths per year”(secondary).
The effects of this inflammation is due to germs that enters in through the urethra from the skin surrounding the opening of the urethra. Some bacteria that might be causing this could be; E. coli and other bacteria found in stool. As well as Gonococcus, Chlamydia and herpes that are transferred sexually can all cause urethritis. If caused by a sexually transmitted bacteria, then the person effected by it can have a high risk of having HIV if not treated immediately.
If the infection is mild patients can go without treatment however if symptoms are more severe short course of antibiotics may be needed to prevent further infection
Most cases of urethritis can be contributed to either a bacterial infection or a viral infection. The same bacteria that can cause bladder and kidney infections can also infect the lining of the urethra. The average episode of urethritis is caused by a bacterial infection. The bacteria found
Bacterial Vaginosis is a common condition. It is the most frequent vaginal complaint in women and young girls age 14 to 44. My research shows that approximately 29% of women in the US are disturbed by bacterial vaginosiis..It is found in about 25% of pregnant women in the US and approximately 60% of women who have an STD. Bacterial vagnios produces a discharge, from an excessive unusual bacteria in the vagina. In the past, the condition was called gardneralla vaginitis, after the bacteria that was thought to cause the infection. Now it is called bacterial vaginosis, reflecting the fact that there are a number of bacteria that naturally live in the vaginal area and may grow out of control. The gardnerella pathogen is not the only villain