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Cultural variable in communication
The main impact of English as a global language
Cultural differences in cross-cultural communication
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Recommended: Cultural variable in communication
Introduction
Malaysia is a one of the country multinational in Asia, with different cultured of languages were using. Communication is an essential part of our life live. Oral communication use for everyday with different people at different time .Therefore, English and various other ethic language such as Chinese and Tamil led to the nature of changes in the development of the English communication. The English language ‘could not help but be influenced by the several of other languages and developing into a number of varieties.
Communication is a tool that connects people. Due to variation in language and culture, many colonies are facing trouble to communicate. Language such as English as been a bridge that connect the entire world. It helps to maintain the bond in trading and relationship between multi-cultures.
Oral Communication
Most of the time were using oral communication, while primarily referring to is spoken verbal communication, typically relies on words, visual aids and non-verbal element to support the conveyance of the meaning. Oral communication includes discussion, speeches, presentation, and interpersonal communication. In face to face communication the body language and voice tonality plays a significant role and may have a greater impact on the listener than the intended content of the spoken words.
Model of communication
• Linear Model - its one way process in which one person acts one another person acts on another person, transmission model because it assume that communication is transmitted in a straight forward manner from sender to receiver.
• Interactive modal – this is interactive communication model is way to represent how two people communicate. One person, the sender, wants to send a piece of information, the message. This speaker uses a communication channel. Such as email or face to face conversation, to second person, the receiver. Sometimes noise, a term referring to any distraction, will compromise the message. Once the receiver has the message, he will send feedback, letting the sender know whether the message was transmitted well and how the receiver feels about it.
This communication of both people, the sender and receiver, is influenced by their individual experiences, culture, and knowledge. This is called their field of experience.
• Transactional model – that sees communication or negotiation of meaning in two more parties responding to their environment and each of others.
Interpersonal Communication
Here is a scene with which we are all familiar: Abu says or does something that Ali interprets as an insult or an attack.
(2012) suggest that communication is a process that involves a sender, a receiver, a message and a channel. The sender and the receiver of the communication may be the professionals and the channels of communication may be through hand over’s, emails, phones calls, verbal discussion and other relevant communication channel
People communicate to express needs, wishes and preferences, to share ideas and information, to reassure, express emotions like fear, anger, pain, joy and love, getting to know each other, ask questions, share experience’s , gave instructions, share opinion, give encouragement. The nature of communication is very different dependent on the circumstances.
If you were to switch style, whispering at the party and yelling at the library, then, your communication style will be ineffective to day the least. In both situations, you are engaging in the same communication process, but the rhetorical situation requires you to act different ways. Verbal communication is simply using spoken language to convey a message to other people. However, nonverbal communication is far more complicated, it contains the use of object, body language, actions and symbols to show meaning to people.
The development of language is essential for children in order to effectively communicate, express emotions, relay ideas and connect with others in a meaningful way. Communication through language involves verbal, non-verbal, and para-verbal elements (Windle & Warren, 1999). The verbal element of language is the oldest form of communication and it can therefore be argued that it is the most important (Gee & Hayes, 2011). Verbal language relates to oral communication, using words, crying or making sounds in order to communicate. Non-verbal language is also an important means of communication, however this is a much newer form (Sampson, as cited by Gee & Hayes, 2011). Non-verbal communication consists of writing, signs, symbols, body language
Oral communication provides fast speed and feedback when conveying a message to a person or a group of people. The problem with oral communication is that when you begin to pass a certain message thru many people the message is distorted. In the article oral communications is the method that is used in face to face communications. Although, face to face uses oral communication it does not suffer from the disadvantage provided from this form of communication. The book provides a breakdown of what nonverbal communications is which is used highly in face to face communication. When a verbal message is received it contains a non-verbal attachment that is received by the person in which you are talking to. Nonverbal messages are not always attached to verbal messages so they are created directly or indirectly. Both the article and the book provide an explanation on how we are able to read nonverbal cues. Unconsciously are body sends messages that provide information that explains our current state of mind. The book explains how body movements communicates emotions that are within us and we merely attach spoken words to that nonverbal cue. This relates to the article because it helps us understand why we try to imitate the end user who is talking. We are trying to understand the emotional context that his nonverbal cues are sending so we try to repeat
Communication serves various purposes, takes different forms, communication has six characteristics, and trains us how to communicate interpersonally. Communication meets people’s physical, relational, spiritual needs and fills identity needs of human needs. Communication naturally follows a certain process and there are three models or theories that describe this process. Human communication is taken to an action where the user encodes message and conveys it through a communication channel for the receiver to encode, an interaction which explains that our message are shaped by the feedback we receive from others and the context in which we are interacting, or a transaction where both people in a conversation are simultaneously senders and receivers.
Communication is a process where information is shared by two or more persons and has relevance for at least one of the persons involved. Further, communication implies that individuals
The bible has two different forms of communicating it’s message to the world. One form being oral communication this is when a person depends mostly on verbal, audio, and some type of visual means of communication. “Verbal communication is the very first form of communication that we read about in the Bible ” (Brown, 2012). When using a form of oral communication such as an audiotape people can replay the sections over and over again. This allows them time to think about what they are hearing and relate this is their own life experiences. Oral communication allows the speaker to not only get their point across, but to provide a story with expressions and body language that can bring what they are saying to life. An example of this scripture
observation, it can often allow for an understanding of individual reactions to what is happening
Communication is an ongoing process in which individuals exchange messages whose meanings are influenced by the history of the relationship and the experiences of the participants. (Adler, p.384) Communication depends on relationships between the people who are communicating, and on common basics between them. Problems in communications between people may arise due to differences in cultures, perceptions, values, and expectations from life.
Communication is an interdependent process of sending, receiving, and understanding messages. The definition implies that the components of the communication process cannot be examined separately. Rather, the relationship exists between the sender and the receiver, as well as the environment of the communication event, must be viewed as a whole. According to this perspective, if any of the components and circumstances change (that is, the number of individuals involved in the interaction, seating arrangements, or the time of the day) the communication event is altered. Communication is an ongoing process; we never stop sending and receiving messages. As we will discover, communication is a dynamic process, a process that changes from one communication setting to the next. Although it is difficult to predict, the ways of interpreting communication, certain components are always present in the communication process.
When studying the processes and means of communication in humans, there have been two types of means of communication that has been found to operate in humans, namely verbal communication and non-verbal communication. Under non-verbal communication, the main methods that have been used as means of communicating non-verbally are the sign language, body language (which includes posture, hand gestures, facial expressions, etc;), para-language, proxemics and tone of voice. Under verbal communication the main areas of concern are speech comprehension and production of speech.
It involves active listening and reflects the accountability of speaker and listeners. Information is conveyed as words, tone of voice, and body language. According to dimbleby et al(1992) Communication is a learnt activity and is provided by the media which forms a bridge between the sender and the receiver. In the process A speaker transmits a message and must ensure that the message is delivered clearly. A listener takes utterance of the message and must be an active listener and give feedback. Communication is a process that includes linear influencing and transactional views from different dimensional barriers (İşman et al., 2003). One-way communication where the sender cannot get any feedback is the linear view. On the other hand, the influencing others view is the existence of a two-way communication which includes feedback as well as nonverbal communication, but it does not include at the same time sending-receiving feedback th...
Verbal communication is the communication in which we tranfer information through radio,telephone,face to face or by some other mean.
When looking at contexts of communication, one can quickly point at that it is a way to keep focus on certain communication processes and effects. Communication bounds or limits are not fixed and can readily and easily change. These contexts of communication includes the following which will be described below; intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication, group communication, public communication, and mass communication.